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Deacon  Tddor's  Diary, 

OR 

"MEMORANDOMS 

FROM  1709,  &C., 

By  JOHN  TUDOR, 
TO  1775  &  1778,  1780  AND  TO  '93." 

A  RECORD  OF  MORE  OR  LESS  IMPORTANT  EVENTS 

IN  BOSTON,  FROM  1732  TO  1793, 

BY  AN  EYE  WITNESS. 

EDITED   BY 

WILLIAM   TUDOR,   A.  B. 


BOSTON : 

Press  of  Wallace  Spooner. 
1896. 


COPYRIGHT 
BY   WILLIAM   TUDOR, 
1896. 


EDITOR'S   NOTE. 


This  copy  of  the  memorandums  of  Deacon  John  Tudor 
it  has  been  thought  worth  while  to  print,  since  many  of  the 
episodes  mentioned  by  the  old  deacon  were  seen  by  him 
personally,  and  in  many  of  the  stirring  events  of  the  time 
either  he,  or  his  son  were  actively  employed.  The  period 
of  over  60  years,  from  1732  to  1793,  covered  by  the  mem- 
orandums was  the  most  eventful  in  the  history  of  Boston 
and  of  the  Commonwealth.  The  long  contest  with  the 
redskins  had  ended  in  the  previous  century.  The  Colon- 
ists had  already  succeeded  in  their  struggle  for  existence, 
and  were  very  prosperous  on  the  whole  of  the  long  coast 
line.  The  French  held,  however,  the  extreme  Northern  and 
Southern  settlements,  and  had  extended  a  girdle  of  strong- 
holds from  Quebec  to  New  Orleans,  and  along  the  western 
fringe  of  the  Colonial  border  from  Maine  to  Georgia  they 
with  their  savage  allies  were  a  constant  menace  to  the  out- 
lying settlements  of  the  Enghsh.  The  fall  of  Louisburg 
in  1745  was  the  first  important  success  for  the  Colonists, 
but  resulted  in  nothing,  and  it  was  not  until  the  fall  of 
Quebec  and  Montreal  15  years  later  that  the  French  were 
finally  reduced  to  their  Louisiana  possessions.  The  period 
from  1730  to  1760  was  on  the  whole  quiet  and  uneventful 
for  the  English  Colonies.  They  had  advanced  rapidly  in 
wealth  and  population  during  the  first  sixty  years  of  the 
century.  The  immigration  of  the  English  had  been  rapid, 
commerce  had  taken  great  strides,  and  the  coast  towns  had 
especially  grown.  While  authorities  differ  widely  as  to  the 
number  of  people  in  Boston  at  given  periods  there  seems 


Ml6S^31G 


little  doubt  that  at  the  end  of  the  seventeenth   century 
there  were  no  more  than  7,000  inhabitants.     It  appears 
probable  that  these  had  increased  to  nearly  25,000  in  1760 
and  that  the  town  was  then  not  only  the  most  populous  in 
the  colonies,  but  with  the  exception  of  London  was  the 
largest  and  most  prosperous  English  town.     The  Colonies 
had,  up  to  this  period,  been  left  much  to  themselves,  the 
English  being  occupied  with  their  Continental  wars  and 
with  the  exception  of  a  constant  petty  struggle  between 
the  Colonial  legislators  and  the  Royal  Governors,  no  other 
interference  with  the  liberty  of  the  Colonies  was  attempted. 
With  the  coronation  of  George  the  third,  however,  in  1760, 
came  a  change.     This  man  seems  to  have  forgotten  that 
he  was  king  only  by  Act  of  Parliament,  that  the  English 
were  a  people  who  had  within  less  than  a  century  beheaded 
one  king  and  banished  another,  and  that  the  American  col- 
onists were  in  all  respects  essentially  English,  with  not 
only  all  the  traditions  of  their  ancestors,  but  for  four  or 
five  generations  had  practically  governed  themselves.    The 
subserviency  of  the  English  to  the  authority  of  the  Crown 
had  been  gradually  increasing  ever  since  the  overthrow  of 
the  Commonwealth.     This  was  possibly  due  to  the  steady 
emigration  of  the  prosperous  middle   class  to    America.* 
The  king  flattered  no  doubt  by  his  adherents  into  the  be- 
lief that  the  Colonists  could  be  coerced  into  contributing 
to  the  expense  of  the  many  English  wars,  and  knowing 
that  he  would  be  supported  by  a  strong  party  in  Parliament, 
decided  upon  a  Colonial  tax  without  the  consent  of  the 
local  legislatures.     This  act,  which  we  must  consider  for- 
tunate, since  it  resulted  in  the  birth  of  a  Nation  from  a 
union  of  the  scattered  Colonies,  was  not  resisted  by  the 

*  The  number  of  inhabitants  of  the  English  settlements  of  North 
America  about  1776-7  has  been  estimated  by  different  authorities  at  from 
one  and  a  half  to  three  millions. 


Ill 

whole  people.  The  best  estimates  are  that  not  over  two- 
thirds,  and  in  many  of  the  Colonies  not  over  half  the  peo- 
ple were  in  sympathy  with  resistance  to  the  taxes.  Amongst 
those  who  supported  the  Crown  were  the  greater  portion 
of  the  leading  merchants  and  of  course  all  the  official  class, 
which  then  was  represented  by,  or  connected  with  most  of 
the  wealthier  men  of  the  community.  The  closing  of  the 
Port  of  Boston,  as  the  Crown's  answer  to  the  destruction 
of  the  tea,  was  an  act  of  tyranny  that  could  have  no  justi- 
fication. The  tea  was  destroyed  by  a  mob,  which  had  no 
official  support.  The  leading  merchants  were  probably  en- 
tirely innocent,  and  they  were  the  ones  punished  by  the  Bos- 
ton Port  Bill.  No  greater  act  of  folly  could  have  been  done 
by  the  Crown,  since  it  at  once  united  all  the  disaffected  Col- 
onies, in  showing  them  what  each  might  expect  if  the  taxes 
were  opposed.  It  seems  surprising  after  this  that  so  few  of 
the  leading  merchants  were  in  sympathy  with  the  patriot 
cause,  as  the  commerce  was  nearly  destroyed.  The  town's 
population  fell  off  steadily  from  this  time  and  only  recovered 
slightly  after  the  Evacuation  by  the  British,  as  some 
months  after  there  were  reckoned  but  10,000  people  in  the 
place.  Nearly  twelve  hundred  Tories  went  off  in  the  Brit- 
ish ships  and  the  town  can  scarcely  have  contained  more 
than  four  thousand  people  after  the  Evacuation,  as  Gen. 
Gage's  census  of  the  previous  July  gave  but  6,573  persons 
outside  of  the  military. 

Up  to  the  end  of  the  war  the  residents  had  increased 
to  twelve  thousand,  but  not  until  the  end  of  the  Century 
had  Boston  recovered  her  former  population  and  prosper- 
ity of  the  year  1760.  No  doubt  the  adherents  of  the 
Crown  had  carried  away  much  of  their  wealth,  and  though 
many  of  them  returned  after  the  war,  the  town  recovered 
very  slowly. 

The  reader  must  picture  to  himself  the  small  town 


IV 

of  Boston  of  1730,  containing  ten  to  twelve  thousand 
people ;  the  peninsula  almost  an  island  at  the  spring  tides 
and  connected  with  the  main  land  only  by  the  then  narrow 
neck  across  which  Marlboro',  now  Washington  Street  me- 
andered. All  around  the  town  were  salt  marshes  ;  only  a 
few  winding  and  narrow  streets;  the  great  height  of  Bea- 
con Hill  and  the  connecting  hills,  towering  above  all  the 
houses.  There  were  even  then  many  substantial  buildings 
on  King,  now  State  Street.  The  houses  nearly  all  had 
gardens  and  were  scattered  over  a  considerable  area.  Most 
of  the  houses  were  substantial  though  built  of  wood.  The 
old  town  was  probably  much  like  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  as  it 
exists  to-day,  and  resembled  many  of  the  English  seaport 
towns  of  that  period.  The  Castle,  afterwards  Fort  Inde- 
pendence, and  now  Castle  Island,  was  then  far  down  the 
harbor.  East  Boston  was  Noddle's  Island,  and  South  Bos- 
ton was  Dorchester  Heights.* 

The  following  description  of  the  old  Deacon  left  by 
his  grandson  may  be  found  interesting  : 

"  Thus  the  old  man  continued  his  mems  until  he  was 
upwards  of  85  years  old  and  until  he  arrived  at  about  one 
year  and  5  months  of  his  death.  He  died  on  the  iS^h  of 
March,  1795,  going  willingly  and  wishingly  out  of  this  world. 
He  was  a  man  of  strong  mind  and  healthful  body  and 
remarkable  for  his  integrity.  His  education  was  that  of  a 
common  school.  His  personal  appearance  at  the  time  that 
I  can  recollect  him,  when  he  was  above  80  was  very  fine. 
Tall  and  erect,  with  long  curling  perfectly  white  hair  and 
when  walking  with  a  broad  hat  and  long  cane,  he  was  cal- 
culated to  inspire  all  the  reverence  which  can  attach  to  an 
old  man,  who  bears  about  him  in  his  air  and  manner  the 
evidence  of  a  life  well  spent." 

*  See  Lodge's  Iliitoric  Towns,  Drake's  History  of  Boston,  and  Winsor's 
Memorial  History  of  Boston. 


The  editor  has  added  at  the  end  of  the  book  a  list  of 
the  births,  marriages  and  deaths  of  Deacon  Tudor  and  his 
descendants  to  the  5th  generation.     This  list  is  as  accu- 
rate as  it  was  possible  to  make  it  in  the  limited  time  given 
to  the  subject.     The  copies  of  portraits  of  the  Deacon  ;  his 
son  Judge  Tudor,  and  three  of  his  grandsons  have  also  been 
included,  because  these  things  are  of  interest  to  the  fam- 
ily.    The  family  coat  of  arms  used  in  the  book  was  fur- 
nished some  years  since  by  the  English  Herald's  College, 
and  appears  to  correspond  exactly  with  an  old  seal  recently 
found  amongst  the  family  papers.     Regarding  the  origin  of 
Deacon  John  Tudor,  it  is  only  known  that  he  v/as  brought 
to  Boston  in  171 5,  at  about  six  years  of  age  by  his  widowed 
mother,    who    afterwards    married    Capt.    John    Langdon. 
There  was  a  sister  of  John  Tudor's,  named  Elizabeth,  who 
married  Capt.  George  Mouat.     From  the  date  of  her  birth 
May  26th,  1716,  it  is  possible  that  she  was  a  half  sister  of 
John's,  and  a  child  by  the  mother's  second  marriage.     At 
all    events  she  died  without  issue  Aug.    19,   1765.     The 
mother  is  recorded  as  dying  in  1763,  at  84  years  and  must 
have  been  born  in   1679,  and  was  36  years  old  when  she 
came  to   Boston  in   171 5.     The  only  further  information 
about  John  Tudor's  origin  is  the  written  statement  left  by 
him  that  his  father's  Christian  name  was  William,  and  his 
grandfather's  was  Thomas.     A  short  sketch  of  Col.  Wil- 
liam Tudor  mentioned  several  times  in  the  memorandums 
with  letters  addressed  to  him  will  also  be  found  at  end  of 
the  volume. 

The  editor  is  indebted  to  his  brother  Frederic  for  the 
use  of  the  die  with  Tudor  coat  of  arms  and  other  family 
records;  to  Robert  H.  Gardiner,  Esq.,  for  copies  of  the 
portraits  by  Stuart,  of  Judge  Tudor  and  his  son  William 
Tudor,  the  latter  author  of  the  "  Life  of  James  Otis,"  and 
many  other  publications,  and  to  L.  Vernon  Briggs,  Esq., 


VI 

for  much  advice  and  assistance  in  preparing  the  Diary  for 
publication.  This  printed  copy  is  as  near  as  possible  an 
exact  reproduction  of  the  original,  the  spelling  and  capitals 
being  retained. 

WILLIAM   TUDOR. 
Boston,  October,   1895. 


1/32  June  15  I  was  married  to  Ms  Jane  Varney.     We  was  Married  by 

Dr     Timy    Cutler   in    Christ   Church'  in    Boston    at   9 
O'clock  forenoon. 

July  17  following  went  to  House  keeping, 

Sepr  5  Was  an  Earth  quake. 

This  winter  1732  &  3  was  Exceeding  Cold  Weather.    The 
Vessels  was  frose  up  in  the  Harbor.     'Twas  froze  down 
to  Long  Island  head.     The  people  went  Dayly  to  ye 
Castle  on  ye  Ise. 
The  15th  of  Feby    Was  the  Coldest  Day  the  Old  people  ever  knew. 

1733  &  4  This  Winter  was  as  Moderat  as  ever  I  Remember. 

1734  This  Summer  was  Exceeding  hot  &  Sickly.     The  people 
died  in  Numbers  of  the  Fever  and  Bloodly  Flox.' 

1736  April  I  St         I  went  into  the  Bakeing  Business. 

1737  April  26th      I  went  into  my  House  that  I  bought  of  M^   John  Burt 

Goldsmith. 

1738  July  I  St  The  trucks  run  over  my  son  Johns  side  of  his  Head  and 

tore  off  part  of  his  Scalp  so  that  his  Scul  was  bare  3 
Inches. 
May  I  St         I    left    Doc^    Cuttlers    Church   &   Joyn'd  with  Messs 
Welsted  &  Gray's  Churchs  in  ye  Fall. 

Admitted 

1  Christ  Church  was  later  called  the  Old  North  Church.  It  was  the  sec- 
ond Episcopal  church  built  in  Boston.  It  was  from  the  tower  of  this 
church,  which  still  stands  on  Salem  Street  near  Copps  Hill  burying  ground, 
that  were  hung  the  lanterns  giving  notice  to  the  patriots  in  Charlestown  of 
the  intended  march  of  the  British  troops  to  Lexington.  Dr.  Timothy  Cut- 
ler, Rector,  was  born  in  Charlestown  in  1683.  Was  made  Rector  of  Yale 
College  and  embraced  Episcopacy  in  1722.  Was  ordained  in  England, 
made  there  a  Doctor  of  Divinity  and  returned  to  Boston  in  1724. 

2  Probably  dysentery. 

3  This  Church  was  called  the  New  Brick  Church.  It  fronts  on  Han- 
over Street,  on  the  right  side  going  towards  the  ferry.  It  was  dedicated 
May  10,  1 721,  and  originated  from  a  secession  of  24  members  of  the 
New  North  Church  who  objected  to  Rev.  Mr.  Thacher  being  called  from 
the  Weymouth  church. 


1738  July  i6 

Septr 

1738  &  9 

5^!^  April 

6th 

Decemr  24 

1740  &  I 

Septemr 

1740  &  I 

1740  &  I 

Cold 

Winter 

iQti^  March 

5  th  of  Api 
1743  June  17 


Octr    21 


Admitted  regularly  by  M^  Welsteed  to  full  Communion. 
The  Rev^l  M^  Ellis  Gray  was  Ordain'd  Colegue  with  the 
Revd  Mr  Wm  Welsted. 

This  Winter  was  Extreem  Cold  &  long.     On  ye 
at  Night  it  frose  Hard. 
Snowed  Fast  and  Cold. 

I  was  chose  a  Committee  man,  and  so  annualy  many 
years. 

About  ye  Middle  of  April  War  was  declar'd  against 
Spain. 

The  famas  Mr  Geo.  Whitefield  came  to  Boston.  Left 
us  Octor  13  following. 

This  Winter  was  the  Coldest  the  Old  People  ever 
remember'd.  Boston  Harbour  was  Froes  up  twice.  In 
Febuy  was  the  depest  Snow  we  have  had  for  25  Years, 
There  was  a  Tent  kept  on  ye  Ice  between  Boston  &  the 
Castle'  for  entertainement.  Horses  Cros'd  Charlston  & 
Winesimit*  Ferrey  Daily.  Sledes  Loded  with  Wood 
came  from  Charleston  to  Bartons  point. 3  The 

the  Snow  &  Ice  in  some  of  ye  Streets  was  3  feet  deep 
and  lay  in  part  til  ye  Middle  of  April.  On  the 

at  Night  frose  very  hard. 

The  Battle  fought  by  his  Majesty  King  George  the 
2d  with  the  French  at  Dettingen  in  Germiany.  The 
French  army  was  commanded  by  Marshal  Noialles. 
Prince  Willm  Duke  of  Comberland  was  with  his  Father 
in  sd  Battle  &  was  Shot  in  the  Legg. 
The   total   Eclipse  of  the  Moon  began  about  9  in  ye 

evening 

1  Castle  William,  afterwards  Fort  Independence  and  now  Castle  Island. 

2  Now  Chelsea. 

3  Barton's  Point  was   at    the   extreme   North   End   of  Boston   nearest 
Charlestown  between  what  are  now  Leverett  and  Barton  Streets. 


1743 


1743  Deer  13 
1743/ 4  March 
April  9th 
1744X5  Febuy 


1744  June  2<i 


June  3^ 


evening  and  ended  past  one  Octo^  21st.     Soon  after  the 
Eclipse  came  on  a  Terable  Storm  of  Wind  with  Raine 
which  continued  all  next  Day,  the  Wind  at  N.  E.     The 
Tide  was  very  high.      The  greatest  damage  has  been 
done  in   Boston  that  ever  was  known  in  the  Memory 
of  Man.     It  would  be  endless  to  relate  partickulars  of 
ye  damage  To  the  Town  of  Boston  ;  But  the  loss  of  Mer- 
chants in  Sugar  Salt  Wharfes  &c.  is  thought  to  Amount 
to  a  Hundred  thousand  pounds  Old  tenor. 
The  Revd  M^  W™  Cooper'  died  JE^  50 
The  meeting  house^  at  Roxbury  was  Burnt. 
There  was  but  2  Ships  in  Boston  Harbor. 
The  large  commet  that  has  been  Blazing  allmost  all  this 
Winter  has  now  appear'd  in  the  Day  at  a  Small  distance 
from  the  Sun. 

War  was  proclaim'd  in  Boston  against  France. 
In  England  proclaim'd  29*  March.. 
In  France  15th- 

between  10  &  11  O'Clock  P.  M.  a  Great  Shock  of  an 
Earthquake  was  felt  in  Boston  as  it  was  on  the  Lord's 
Day,  the  people  Run  into  the  Streets  from  the  Several 
Churches  in  great  surprize. 

Porto  Bello  Taken  by  Admeral  Vernon  22^  Novr  last 
by  6  Ships. 

There  was  between  60  &  70  ships  on  both  sides  Ingaig'd. 
The  Battle  fought  by  Admiral  Matthews  in  the  Medi- 
terranean lasted  3  Days,  it  began  20  Feby  1743/4 
From  a   London    Print    [of]    July    5th    1744  [received] 

Yesterday 

1  Mr.  Cooper  was  born  in  Boston  in  1693.  Graduated  from  Harvard 
College  in  1712.  Elected  Associate  Pastor  to  Brattle  Street  Church  1 7 15. 
Ordained  1716. 

2  This  church  was  built  in  1 741-2  to  replace  the  old  First  Church  torn 
down  in  1 741.     The  fire  was  supposed  to  have  started  from  footwarmers. 


1744  Yesterday,  the  Treasure  taken  by  Admeral  Anson  Con- 

sisting of  298  Chests  of  Silver  18  Chests  of  Gold  and  20 
Barels  of  Gold  Dust  was  Carried  throw  the  City  in  32 
Waggons  preceded  by  Drums  Trumpets  &c.  with  the 
English  Colours  &  ye  Spanish  Ensigns  under  them. 
This  Treasure  was  taken  from  ye  Spaniards  in  the  South 
Seas  and  lodged  in  ye  Tower  of  London. 

1744  Oct.  27  From  the  Jamaica  Gazette.     Satterday  last  ye  20th  In- 

stant happen'd  as  great  &  dredfull  a  Storm  as  ever  was 
known  in  this  part  of  the  World,  the  Wind  at  ye  begen- 
ing  was  E.  b  N.  and  after  much  Rain  &c. 
Jama  It  began  about  6  in  ye  Evening  &  lasted  till  3  in  ye  Morn- 

Hurekn  ing,  the  wind  was  all  this  Time  dve  S.     By  this  dredfull 

Hurricane  som  of  the  Forts  was  Destroy'd  &  many 
Houses  blown  down  and  all  the  Wharfs  destroy'd.  But 
ye  Damage  in  the  Harbour  Exceeded  that  on  Shore,  for 
8  of  his  Majesties  Ships  &  96  Merchant  Vessels  Wrecked 
&  foundered  so  that  out  of  105  Vessels,  only  his  Majes- 
ty's Ship  Rippon  rid  it  out  withoute  Masts. 
Account  of  the  taking  of  Cape  Breton. 

1745  17^11  June      Cape  Breton  was  taken  under  ye  Command  of  Lieuten- 

ant General  Pepperrell'  by  Land  and  Commodore  War- 
ren by  sea  ;  A  city  Exceeding  Strong  ;=»  According  to 
the  French  Accounts  after  the  English  had  taken  it,  was 
found  9000  Shot  &  600  Bombs,  148  ports  in  the  Walls, 
83  Cannon,  5  fine  Brass  Mortars  &  i  Iron  one. 
July  9^1^  G.  Holmes  &  myself  was  chose  Committemen  of  our 
Church. 

Mr 

1  William  Pepperell  was  a  prosperous  merchant  and  a  Chief  Justice,  as 
well  as  a  colonel  of  militia.  He  was  created  a  baronet  after  the  capture 
of  Louisburg. 

2  The  fortifications  of  Louisburg  are  said  to  have  cost  ^5,000,000. 


5 


1747-^8  Jany  8th 

1748  June  15  th 

1749  April  7th 


1747  April  loth  Mr  George  Holmes'  &  myself  was  chose  Deacons  of  the 
Church  where  ye  Revd  M  ^  Wm  Welsted^  &  Ellis  Grays 
are  ye  Pastors.  Mr  Holmes  had  all  ye  Votes  but  one 
and  I  had  all  but  three.  (Sd  Holmes  by  reason  of  a 
pore  state  of  health  [declined]  but  beged  of  Mr  Tudor 
to  accept  which  he  did  in  6  weeks.) 

I  was  Chosen  Treasurer  of  the  Society  or  Propriators 
of  our  Church  —  resin'd  after  8  years. 
This  Day  we  have  been  Marred  16  years  and  by  good- 
ness of  God  to  our  Family  &  us,  we  have  not  had  one 
Death  in  it  til  yesterday  Died  our  negro  man  named 
Town  about  35  Years  old. 

Set  oute  for  Connecticut  from  Boston  by  Land  and 
return'd  in  good  health  22^  blessed  be  God ;  I  pas^ 
through  25  Towns  and  arived  at  Norwalk  where  My 
busness  was,  which  made  26.  This  Summer  was  the 
dryest  our  Old  people  ever  knew.  The  grass  and  all- 
most  everything  was  scorch'd  up. 

was  so  exceeding  hot  that  people  was  in  a  Manner 
Melted  at  Meeting,  it  being  Sabbath  Day.  When  the 
Rains  came  on  in  August,  the  Seeds  sown  grew  at  an 
amazing  rate. 

This  Spring  &  Summer  has  been  as  fine  a  groing  Sea- 
son as  ever  was  known. 

The  act  pas^  for  Regulating  the  Gold  &  Silver  Currency 
of  this  province. 

Be 

X  George  Holmes  was  a  Boston  merchant  and  selectman  of  the  town  in 
1750-52. 

2  Mr.  William  Welsteed  was  born  in  Boston.  Graduated  at  Harvard  Col- 
lege in  1716.  Was  a  Tutor  there  from  1820-8.  Elected  Pastor  of  the 
New  Parish  Church  in  1728. 

3  Mr.  Ellis  Gray  was  born  in  Boston.  Graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1734.     Was  elected  Associate  Pastor  with  Mr,  Welsteed  in  1738. 


1 8th  June 


1750 


In  March 


1750  33e  it  enacted  &c.  that  it  shall  not  be  Lawful  for  any 
person  &c.,  after  the  31  March  1750  to  receive,  or  pay 
any  of  the  following  Coin  at  a  greater  or  higher  Rate 
than  is  allow'd  by  this  Act,  followeth. 

Lawful    ^  Vizt  a  Dollar  ds/  a  Pistole  22^/  2l  guinea  28X'  a  moydore 

money     >  36/  a  36/^  ster  pce  48/ a  ^{^3.12  Sterling,  ^4.16  An 

Act  )  Engs  Crown  6/8  an  Engs  half  Crown  3/4  an  Engs  Shil- 

ling 1/4,  an  Engs  Sixpence  o/8d,  18  Copper  half  pence 
is/,  3  Engs  farthings  id  Every  person  Receivg  or 
paying  Contrary  to  the  above  was  to  forfit  50  £. 
1750/^1  Feby  16  This  Morning  a  fire  broke  oute  aboute  6  O'Clock  in 
ye  Revd  Mr  Gray's  Keeping  Room,  which  Burnt  most 
of  Mr  Gray's  Cloths  &  most  of  ye  Furniture  in  the 
Room  but  by  a  Number  of  f rends  his  Loss  was  made 
up  10  fold. 

175 1  May  8  This  Morning  I  was  thrown  oute  of  my  Shay's  by  my 

hors's  takeing  a  sudden  flight.     I  was  taken  up  for  ded  : 
I  was  most  terably  Bruis'd  in  most  parts  of  my  Body,  so 
that  I  went  with  Cruches  2  months,  but  no  Bone  broke. 
Blessed  be  God  for  preserving  goodness. 
This  May  meeting  I  was  Chosen  one  of  the  overseers 
of  ye  Poor  for  ye  Town  of  Boston. 
This  Sumer  &  fall,  everything  plenty  — 
Deer  31         This  night  the  Harbor  frose  up  &  remain'd  so  til  the 

1752  7th  of  Jany  On  ye 

2ist  Jany  I  went  from  Boston  on  the  Ice  to  the  Castle 
with  som  Gentlemen  &  dined  with  Capt  Larrabee*  ye  Com- 
mander. This  Week  many  hundreds  of  people  on  foot 
and  som  in  Slays  pas'd  on  the  Ice  to  the  Castle  &  other 
places. 

Capt 

*  John  Larrabee  was  made  Lieutenant  of  the  Castle  in  September,  1722. 
He  lived  there,  and  remained  in  command  for  many  years,  and  died  Feb. 
14,  1762. 


Smain 
Pox  V 
Year    j 


1752  Jany  18  Capt  Atkins'    &  I  rode  in  a  slay  to  the  Castle,  on  our 

return  we  rode  oute  to  the  Channel  whare  a  Number  of 
Men  was  cutting  ye  Ice  to  open  the  Channel  way  for  Ves- 
sels to  go  oute.  The  ice  was  9  Inches  thick,  But  they 
cut  with  Saws  &c.  from  as  low  as  ye  Castle  up  to  Clark's 
Wharf €=*  in  9  or  ten  Days  &  finish'd  Jany  21st  The  next 
Day  a  Number  of  Vessells  Sail'd. 
March  24  This  year  1752  the  New  Stile  began  &  eleven  Days  was 
left  oute  between  the  2^  &  14th of  Sept^  and  by  an  act  of 
Parlement  the  Years  begun  ye  ist  of  January 
This  Morning  Our  4  Oldest  Children  whas  Inoculated  by 
Doer  J.  Perkins^  Vizt  John,  James,  Mary  &  Jane.  8  in 
Our  Famely  had  the  Destempr  at  this  Time,  4  in  the 
Natural  way,  all  did  well.  Blessed  be  God  for  his  Mercy 
to  us  &  ouers.  On  the 

23-^'  &  24th  July  the  Selectmen  and  Overseers  of  ye  poor  attended  by 
Several  of  ye  princaple  Inhabitants  Uisited  every  Fam- 
aly  in  their  respective  Wards  in  the  Town  of  Boston,  and 
took  an  Exact  Account  of  the  Number  of  persons  that 
have  had  the  Small  pox,  either  in  the  Natural  way,  or 
by  Inoculation,  since  it  first  broke  oute  in  Jany  last: 
and  it  appear'd  that  5059  Whites  and  485  Blacks  had  it  in 
ye  Natural  way,  of  whome  died  452  Whites  &  62  Blacks; 

1970 

1  This  was  probably  Capt.  Henry  Atkins  a  selectman  of  the  town  in  1745- 
6,  whose  granddaughter  Delia  Jarvis  was  married  by  Col.  Wm.  Tudor  in 
1778. 

2  Clark's  Wharf  was  then  the  second  largest  wharf  in  Boston.  It  was 
located  about  where  Lewis  Wharf  now  is. 

3  Dr.  John  Perkins  is  mentioned  by  Dr.  Douglass  in  a  letter  to  the  As- 
sessors of  23d  April,  1747,  as  having  a  much  larger  practice  than  himself. 
He  was  still  practicing  in  1764. 


8 

1752  1970  Whites  &  139  Blacks  had  it  by  Inoculation.'  24 
Whites  and  7  Blacks  died.  It  is  very  remarcable  how- 
soon  the  Small  pox  went  throw  this  great  Town.  It  did 
not  Spred  in  more  than  20  odd  Famaly's,  till  the  begin- 
ing  of  Aprl  when  those  persons  broke  oute  in  Numbers 
who  whare  Inoculated  the  later  end  of  March,  and  it 
went  in  general  throw  the  Town.     So  that  by  y^ 

16  of  Augst  folloing  thare  was  not  one  person  that  had  it.  I  was 
one  of  the  overseers  of  the  poor  &  My  ward^  this  year 
was  No.  3  I  served  10  years  N.  B.  In  my  Ward  (No  3) 
Thare  was  Inoculated  120  Whites  &  5  Blacks  and  not 
One  died. 

1753  Januy  7         This  Lords  Day  died  much  lamented  the  Revd  M"^  Ellis 

Gray  aged  ^y  Years  &  3  mo.  He  had  been  Ordained  14 
years  &  3  mo.  He  was  Seized  with  an  Apoplexy  about 
8  O'clock  A.  M.  &  died  at  2  P.  M. 
April  29  This  Lords  Day  the  Revd  M^  Wm  Welsted  died  much 
lamented  aged  58.  He  was  seized  with  an  apoplexy 
about  2  Minutes  after  he  began  prayer  in  the  pulpit 
the  last  Lords  day.  The  Congregation  broke  up  in  great 
Surprise  and  Sorrow,  Thus  Sudently  was  these  two 
Godly  Ministers  taken  from  one  church  to  our  unspeak- 
able loss  but  their  gaine. 

1754  Ap^    19  Last  Night  exceeding   Cold.     It  frose   i   inch  }4  thick. 

In  ye  afternoon  Snowed  very  fast. 

This 

1  The  method  of  inoculation  for  the  small-pox  was  begun  by  Dr.  Zabdiel 
Boylston  in  1721,  and  was  supported  by  Rev.  Cotton  Mather  and  most  of 
the  other  ministers,  but  bitterly  opposed  by  all  the  other  doctors,  led  by 
Dr.  William  Douglass.  Nearly  all  the  people  opposed  the  system,  which, 
however,  was  finally  accepted. 

a  The  town  was  divided  into  wards  many  years  before  this  time.  Ward 
3  was  then  situated  between  the  North  End  and  the  central  part  of  the 
town,  extending  from  the  water  as  far  west  as  Hanover  Street,  and  includ- 
ing Fish  Street  where  Deacon  Tudor  lived. 


9 

THE   GREAT    EARTHQUAKE. 

1755  iSthNovem'"  This  great  &    Surprizing  Earthquake    in    Boston   was 
The  Great    )  about  25  or  30  Minutes  past  4  in  the  Morning.     It  came 

Earthquake  )  on  hke  the  Noise  of  Several  Coaches  rattling,  there  was 

2  Shocks  so  Terable  that  t'was  thougt  if  they  had  Con- 
tinued I  or  2  Minutes  longer  that  Most  of  the  Houses 
in  town  would  have  been  shook  down.  The  tops  of 
many  Chimneys  was  thrown  down,  Thousands  of  Bricks 
Slaites  &c.  Scatter'd  in  the  Streets.  The  princaple 
damage  was  near  the  Town  Dock.  Many  Thousands  of 
people  ran  into  the  Streets  in  great  Terror.  Such  Judg- 
ment may  well  make  us  cry  out  w't^  the  psalmist.  My 
flesh  Trembleth  for  fear  of  the  &  I  am  afraid  of  thy 
Judgments.  'Twas  remarkable  that  not  one  person  was 
hurt.  Blessed  be  God  for  preserving  us  &  our  dwehngs. 
Satterday  evening  folloing  was  another  Shock  between 
6  &  9  O'clock.  Several  small  shocks  was  felt  in  many 
places  for  a  month. 
1755  Novr  ist  was  a  great  Earthquake  in  Lizbon.  Numbers  of  Houses 
distroy'd.     Many  Thousands  of  people  kile'd. 

1758  July  26  Cape  Britton  v/as   given  up  to  the  English.     General 

Amhust  commanded  by  Land  and  Admeral  Boscowin 
by  sea. 
Decemr  16  to  20    I  Mov'd  my  Famaly  into  the  New  house,*    I  Built  the 
Summer  past,  on  the  Land  purchas'd  of  M^  Ed^  Hutch- 
inson last  30  March. 

1759  Feby  2  This  Morning  about  y^  after  2  O'Clockwe  had  an  Earth- 

quake, but  throw  mercy  did  no  Damage 
July  26  Niagara  Fort  Surrendred  to  Geni  Johnson   )  French 

27  Genl  Amherst  took  Ticonderoga.  )  forts. 

General 

I  This  house  was  located  on  Fish  Street  next  the  water  on  what  is  now 
North  Street,  near  Fleet  Street. 


THE   GREAT    FIRE. 


1759  Septr  13 


18  Oct 


Novr    14 

1760  March  20 

Great  ) 
Fire     j 


General  Wolfe  fought  &  beate  the  French  armey  Near 
Quebec.  Geni  Wolf  &  Genl  Montcalm  where  both 
kil'd. 

Mons^  DeKamsy  surrender'd  the  Sitty  of  Quebec  to 
ye  English  Troops  ye  iS^h  In*- 

A  large  Fire  Consum'd  a  Number  of  Shops  &  dwelling 
Houses  near  Olivers  Bridg'  Boston. 

This  morning  a  Terable  Fire  broke  oute  about  2  O'Clock 
in  the  Morning  at  the  Brazen-head  E  Side  of  Corn  Hill.^ 
Soon  after  the  Fire  got  to  a  head  the  Wind  Sprung  up 
Fresh  aboute  N.  W.  which  communicated  the  sparks  to 
the  S.  E.  part  of  the  Town  as  far  as  Hunts  Shipyard 
and  about  Fort-hill3  and  in  5  or  6  bowers  Consumed  349 
Buildings.  It  is  impossable  to  express  the  Distress  of 
the  unhappy  Sufferers  by  the  grevos  Judgment.  The 
loss  to  the  Sufferers  in  Houses,  Stores,  Merchandizes, 
Furneture  &c.  was  ;^  100,000.  Sterling.  Colections  was 
made  in  England-*  as  well  as  in  America  on  the  acct  I 
was  one  of  the  Overseers  of  the  poor  at  this  time  &  with 
the  Selectmen  Sat  to  examin  the  Acc^s  of  the  Sufferers 
&  to  distribute  ist  to  the  Widows  2iy  to  the  Trades- 
men 3dy  to  the  Midling  people,  the  Rich  had  none  of 
sd  Colection  which  came  to  about  ;^5 5,000.  Sterling 
there  was  many  privat  colections  whereby  many  received 

in 

1  Oliver's  Bridge  was  where  Kilby  Street  now  crosses  Water  Street. 

2  Corn  Hill  then  extended  as  far  south  as  Milk  Street,  where  Washing- 
ton Street  now  is. 

3  Fort  Hill  was  entirely  removed  after   the  great   fire  of  1872.      Noth- 
ing remains  to  mark  its  site  but  Fort  Hill  Square. 

4  Rev.  George  Whitefield  was  active  in  securing  most  of  the  English 
subscriptions. 


1760  in  boath  ways  full  as  much  as  they  lost  &  some  of  the 

poore  more,  as  fully  appear'd ;  this  affair  before  it  was 
all  Settled  in  about  18  mons  caus'd  to  the  Selectmen 
&  Overseers  at  least  100  Meetings,  when  the  whole  pro- 
ceedings was  laid  before  Governor  Bernard  &  the 
Councle  who  apointed  the  Committee  as  aforesaid. 

1760  August  2d    Governor  Bernard  came  to  Boston  with  his  Commit  &c. 
Sepi"  8  Montreal  Surrender'd  to  Gen.  Amherst. 

Ocfr  25         King    George   ye   lid  died    Suddently.      King   George 
ye  Illd  was  proclaim'd. 

1761  Sepr  22         K.    George  Ilfd  was  Marred  to  prenc^  Charlotte.      K. 

George  3d  &  Queen  Charlotte  was  crown'd  :  they  were 
marred  som  time  before  sd  Crownation,  and  in  general 
Approved  of  by  the  English  Nation. 


BIRTHS,    DEATHS,    ETC. 

1760  Octr  The  number  of  Inhabitants  computed  at  present  to  be 

contained  in  the  known  World  at  a  Medium,  taken  from 
the  Calculations  of  Riccioli  &  others,  amounts  to  about 
950  millions  Vizt 


millions 

millions 

Spain  &  Portugal 

10 

Denmark,  Sweden  &  1 
Norway                         \ 

6 

France 

20 

Italy  &  adjacent  Islands 

8 

Russia 

rS 

Great  Britain 

9 

Poland,  Bohemia,     i 
Hungary  &  Tartary  ^ 

Ireland 

2 

50 

Germany  &  Netherlaj  i 
&  Switzerland               I 

74 

30 

from  other  side 

*79 

"79 

Thus  Europe  contains 

153 

Asia 

500 

Africa 

150 

America 

150 

953  millions 

ACCOUNT 

ACCOUNT   OF   BURIALS    IN   BOSTON. 

^ ^^  \  Buried  Whites  508  Blacks  68,  in  all  576 

I  Baptized  in  the  Several  Churches  417 

1761  !  -'^"^'^^'^  Whites  436  Blacks  81,  in  all  517 
(  Baptized  in  the  Several  Churches  374 

1 762  !  -'^"^^^^  Whites  390  Blacks  66,  in  all  456 
(  Baptized  in  the  Several  Churches  418 

1763  (  Buried  Whites  344  Blacks  63  407  ;  11  more 
uncommon    (  Baptized  in  the  Several  Churches  418  baptized 


1764 


1705 


1768 


Buried  Whites  471  Blacks  yy  in  all  548 

Baptized  in  the  Several  Churches  367 

Died  more  than  Baptized  181 

Buried  in  Boston  Whites  594  Blacks  51  in  all  545 
Baptized  in  the  Several  Churches  435 


than  died 


^ ^g     Buried  Whites  389  Blacks  44,  in  all  433 

Baptized  in  the  Several  Churches  424 


Buried  369  Whites  48  Blacks,  in  all  417 

Baptized  in  the  Several  Churches  414 


^^       Buried  579  Whites  66  Blacks,  in  all  645 

Baptized  in  the  Several  Churches  440 

Buried  404  Whites  79  Blacks,  in  all  483 

Baptized  in  the  Several  Churches  445 

Buried  423  Whites  59  (one  newspaper  says 

1 771         63)  Blacks,  in  all  482 

Baptized  in  the  Several  Churches  399 

Buried  458  Whites,  Blacks  59  Burd  in  all  517 

Baptized  in  the  Several  Churches  373 


1773 


13 


^7Th 


Buried  533  Whites  62  Blacks  in  all 
Baptized  in  the  Several  Churches 


585 
485 


774 


A fleet  &  596 
Buried  546  Whites  Blacks  50  in  all  J  army  in  521 
Baptized  in  the  Several  Churches     |  Boston 

I,  this  year 


1761  Aug.  12         We  have  had  an  Exceeding  dry  Summer.     Scarce  any 

Raine  for  3  Months.     Butter  risen  from  5  to  6-^  &  9s/ 
per  pound  Milk   1/4,  the  pasters  burnt  up.     But  this 
Morning  Blessed  be  God  we  had  a  fine  Raine. 
Sepr  Fine  Raines. 

Oct.  I  to  iQtl^  Milk  &c.  begins  to  fall  in  price. 

1762  Jany  Moderate  Weather. 

March  i^t     4  nights  &  3  days  past  Extreem  cold. 
17      Fine  &  warm. 
War  Manifesto  or  Declaration  of  War  published  by  the  King 

of  Spain  on  16  Decem^  1761  against  Engd-  The  War- 
rant for  a  Declaration  of  War  was  given  at  St.  James's 
2d  Januy  1762  and  War  was  declar'd  against  Spain  the  4th 
1762  Feby  12th  Martineco  surrendred  to  the  British  Troops  Commanded 
by  Geni  Monckton. 
Apl  6  A  cold  &  bad  Snow  Storm  after  a  spell  of  fine  warm 

Weather. 
March  8         I  was  chose  one  of  the  Wardens  of  the  Town  of  Boston. 
War  was  declar'd  in  Boston  against  Spain  at  12  O'Clock 
on  Wednesday  14th  April  1762. 
June  II  This  morning  about  11  O'Clock  a  Fire  broke  out  in  Bos- 

ton in  Wilhams's  Court  which  consumed  several  Dwel- 
ings  and  Eleven  Famaleys  burnt  oute ;  this  is  the 
3'^  large    Fire   besides   the  great    one   on    March  20*^ 


1760  that  has  happened  in  3  years  in  this  Metropolis. 


An 


14 


1762  June  15 
Dry  I 

Summer  \ 

July  nth 


July  12 
Dry  Sum' 

August 


Havana 
Taken 


25 


31 


Sepr 
Oct.  15 


Octr     23 

Prince 
George  ye 
4th  Born 
1762  Deer  25 

Dec.  26th 


An  Extreem  dry  season.  But  little  rain  for  6  Weeks. 
This  Lords  day  morning  about  3  O' Clock  a  Fire  broke 
oute  in  the  cabin  of  a  Sloop  that  lay  at  my  Wharf. 
The  Sloop  was  3^  burnt,  the  Cargo  greatly  damaged, 
and  the  top  of  the  wharfe  which  was  laid  with  Timber 
considerably  burnt  with  a  pile  of  Bords  that  was  on 
the  Wharf. 

Continues  very  dry.  The  grass  and  almost  everything 
scorched  up,  but  little  Rain  for  two  months  past 
Continues  exceeding  Dry.  The  dryest  Summer  our 
Oldest  men  ever  remember.  2  dry  summers  going. 
We  reed  the  agreeable  news  of  Morro  Castle,  on  the 
Isleland  of  Cuba,  being  taken  by  Storm  28  July  last 
after  a  Siege  of  40  days.  The  English  in  Storming  lost 
50  men,  the  Spaniards  1500.  12  Augst  the  City  sur- 
rendr'd 

Yesterday  and  all  last  night  fine  Raines  after  a  distress- 
ing dry  Summer. 

This  month  fine  Raines  &  a  growing  season. 
This  evening  P^  Capt  Hallowell  in  the  province  Ship  we 
had  the  agreeable  News  of  Newfoundlands  being  re- 
taken from  the  French  who  had  been  in  possession  of 
it  3  or  4  months.  It  was  happily  accomplished  on  the 
18  Septemr  under  the  comand  of  Col.  Amherst  by  land 
and  Lord  Colvill  by  sea. 

Reed  the  News  of  the  Prince's  Birth  Geo.  4th 
Thursday  Augt   i2tb  1762.     This  morning  at  half  a  hour 
past  seven  Queen   Charlotte  was  delivered  of  a  Prince. 
London  St.  James  Gazette. 

A  fine  warm  Day  &  fine  Weather  (except  a  Day  or  two) 
for  five  Weeks  past. 

Very  Cold.  The  Weather  chang'd  of  a  Sudden  last  night. 

This 


15 

^7^3  J^^"-  "3  This  Lord's  day  morning  extreem   Cold.     The  II arbor 

frose  over  &  continued  so  for  9  Days,  when  the  pt  of 
Feby  [came]  the  Weather  Moderated  &  the  High  Tides 
together,  broke  up  the  Ice  when  several  Vessells  that 
lay  below  came  up  to  Town. 

Feby  2  A  Snow  Storm  at  E.  came  on  in  the  afternoon.     We 

have  had  two  large  Snows  in  the  5  Weeks  past  and  very 
Cold  for  the  most  part,  but  small  Winds  till  this  after- 
noon. 

Augst  Plenty    of  Rain's  all   Spring  &  Summer.     Everything 

plenty  &  Cheap  except  Meat  &  Butter,  Avhich  is  very 
dear. 

Augst  10  This  day  peace  was  proclaim'd  in  Boston  with  France  & 
Spaine.  Tomorrow  is  appointed  for  a  Day  of  Thanks- 
given  for  peace. 

Deer  Most  part  of  the  Fall,  till  Christmas,  moderat. 

1764  Januy  10        Extreem  Cold  4  Days  past. 
12th      fare  fine  Moderat  Weather. 

23d       fine  Day.    Note  :  12  days,  fine  Weather  :  no  raine  for  30 
Days. 

24  A  Snow  Storm. 

25  fine  Day,  Snow  this  morning  12,  or  14  Inches  on  a 
Level.  Last  night  in  a  Severe  Snow  Storm  about  Mid- 
night Harvard  College  was  Burnt  down.'  The  Large 
Library  :  The  fine  Instruments  &c.  &c.  all  destroyed. 
The  General  Court  at  this  Time  Sets  at  Cambridge  on 
account  of  the  small  pox  being  in  Boston. 

Feb.  18  This  afternoon  Mr  Whitefield  arrived  in  Boston  from 
the  Southward.     Preach'd  at  Dr.  Sewells^  2  A.  M.  to  a 

large 

1  This  was  the  college  library  then  occupied  by  the  General  Court. 

2  Rev.  Joseph  Sewall  made  pastor  of  Old  South  Church  in  1 71 3.    Died 
1769. 


i6 


[764 


Feb.  28 
March  6 

March  1 1 
Friday  9 

16 

18 

23  &24 
25  March 
25th 
April  20 


July  5 


July  1 1 
13th 


large  and  Crowded  assembley. 

Extreem  Cold  this  Day  and  Last  night  &  29th  Night. 
Extreem  cold  snow  Storm,  Wind  N.  E.  a  bright  Stedy 
Northern  light  all  last  evening. 
Extreem  Cold  last  Night  Very  Cold  this  morning. 
This  fornoon  our  only  Son  W™  Tudor'  was  Inoculated 
(by  Doer  John  Perkins)  for  the  Small  pox. 
This  Morning  before  daylight  he  began  to  complain  of 
his  head  &  back  8z:c. 

in  the  Morning  Several  of  the  pock  appear'd. 
Turned. 
Uery  well. 

A  Cold  N.  E.  Storm. 

Last  Night  (being  Thursday  Night)  we  had  a  Severe 
Storm  of  Wind,  Snow  &  Rain,  at  first  Wind  at  N.  E. 
which  brote  in  the  Tide  higher  than  it's  been  for  40 
Year:  great  damage  was  don  to  the  Wharfes,  Sugar, 
Salt  Sic.  The  Wind  Shifted  farther  to  the  North  before 
high  water,  or  the  damage  mite  have  been  much  greater. 
Very  Cold  for  the  season. 

Last  Evening  we  had  here  Terable  Thunder  &  Light- 
ning. It  began  about  half  after  7  O' Clock  and  lasted 
till  half  after  12.  Blessed  be  God  it  did  but  little  dam- 
age in  Boston,  but  at  Portsmouth  it  was  more  Terable 
and  did  som  damage. 
Extreem  hot. 

A  fine  Raine  a  fine  groing  Season  so  far  :  plenty  of  Fish, 
Mackeral  are  ketch'd  at  the  wharfs,  in  many  of  the 
Docks  scoons  of  small  mackeral  are  ketch'd  in  such 
plenty,  that  they  have  been  sold  from  3  to  6  Coppers  a 

Dusen. 

We 

1  See  sketch  of  his  hfe  at  end  of  Diary, 


17 


FIRST   STAMP   ACT   RIOTS. 

1764  Sepr  We  have  had  plenty  of  Most  of  the  Necessarys  of  Life. 
Decern^  26  being  Wednesday  Last  night  came  on  a  Terable  Storm, 

Wind  between  N.  E.  &  E.  which  Rais'd  the  Tide  hier 
than  it  has  been  for  43  Years  before,  Much  Damage 
done  to  Sugar,  Salt  &c.  as  the  Tide  over  fload  the 
Wharfes,  fill'd  many  Cellars  &c. 

1765  Jany  2  Extreem  Cold  day  &  Night  as  it's  been  for  4  Days. 

9  Extreem  Cold,  but  in  the  afternoon  the  Wind  came  to 

the  South  and  it  was  much  warmer. 
Pork  from  ■)  27      Extreem  Cold. 
2od  to  2/2  )  30th    Extreem  Cold  for  3  Days  past. 

31st    Snow  Storm;    Every   Nessacry   very   plenty.      For   2 
months  past  mostly  Cold  &  sundry  Snow  which  has 
made  good  sleding  for  9  Weeks  past. 
Febuary        Mostly  fine  Moderat  Weather  the  Winter  broke  i  i^h  Inst. 
March  25      Yesterday  (being  24  &  Sabbath  Day)  We  had  a  severe 
Terrible  ^  N.  E.  Storm  of  Snow  the  bigest  Sea  in  the  Harbor  that 

Tide        >  our  Oldest  men  ever  see.     The  Tide  the  same  height 

&  Storm  )  on  a  Level  that  it  was  26^'^  of  Dec^  last,  but  as  the  sea 

was  so  great  it  did  Vastly  more  damage  to  the  Wharfes 
&  vessells  &c.  than  in  Dec^  last.     The  whole  damage 
was  computed  at  least  to  ten  thousd  pounds  Sterling. 
Apr.  30         Pretty  dry  Season,  for  the  most  part  of  this  Month. 
May  I  St         A  fine  Steady  Raine, 

June  29         A  fine  groing  season  :  provision  very  plenty. 
August   14    This  morning  was  discouerd  hanging  on  the  great  Trees' 
at  the  South  end  of  Boston  the  Effiges  of  An^i  Oliver 
Esqr  as  Stamp  Master  &  a  Large  Boot  with  the  Divel 

coming 

«  Liberty  trees.  There  were  two  of  these  trees  that  stood  at  the  corner 
of  what  is  now  Washington  and  Essex  Streets.  They  were  cut  down  by 
the  Tories  in  January,  1776. 


FIRST   STAMP   ACT   RIOTS. 

1765  coming  oute  of  the  top  &c.     The   Boot   to   represent 

Lord  Bute  &c.  The  effiges  hung  all  Day  and  towards 
evening  a  number  of  people  assembled,  took  down  the 
effiges  carred  them  throw  the  Town  as  far  as  the  Town- 
house/ then  March'd  down  King  Street,'  and  then  pro- 
ceeded to  Oliver's  dock,3  pulled  down  a  New  Brick  Build- 
ing caled  the  Stamp  Office,  belonging  to  s^  Oliver  & 
carried  the  Wooden  part  of  it  up  to  Fort  Hill  and  with 
Shouting  made  a  Bonfire  of  it  with  sd  Oliver's  Fence 
which  stood  near  sd  Hill ;  and  then  surrounded  M^  Oli- 
vers House,  Broke  his  Windows  &  entred  the  House  & 
destroyed  great  part  of  the  Furniture  &c.  The  next 
Day  a  Proclamation  was  Issued  out  by  Governor  Ber- 
nard and  the  Councel  offering  I00;£  L.  M.  Reward  for 
the  discovery  of  any  person  concerned  as  aforesaid  &c. 
Things  remained  something  quiet  till  the  26th  when 
toward  evening  a  number  of  people  assembled  in  King 
Street  &  Attack'd  the  House  and  office  of  W^  Story^ 
Esqr  Deputy  Register  of  the  Court  of  Admiralty  (which 
stood  near  the  Town  House)  Broke  the  Windows  of  the 
House  and  Office,  destroy'd  &  burnt  part  of  the  Goods 
scattered  &  burnt  most  of  the  papers  in  a  Bonfire  they 
made  in  King  Street  near  the  House.  Then  proceeded 
to  the  Houses  of  Benj.  Hallowell'^  Esqr  Comptroller  of 

the 

1  The  Townhouse  is  still  standing  at  the  head  of  State  Street.  It  was 
built  in  1 7 14;   partly  destroyed  by  fire  and  rebuilt  in  1749. 

2  King  Street,  now  .State  Street. 

3  Oliver's  Dock  was  located  about  where  Long^Vharf  joins  India  Street. 

4  William  Story  went  oft'  with  the  British  troops  after  the  evacuation. 

5  Hallowell's  house  was  on  Hanover  Street. 

6  Benjamin  Hallowell  was  one  of  those  proscribed  as  a  Tory.  His 
nephew,  Robert  HoUowell  Gardiner  married  Emma  Jane,  Col.  Tudor's 
eldest  daughter. 


FIRST   STAMP   ACT    RIOTS. 

1765  the  Custom  House;  Broke  down  the  Fence  &  Windows 

of  his  Dwelling  house,  &  then  entered  the  House,  Broke 
the  Wainscot  and  great  part  of  the  Furniture  &c.  and 
carried  of  30;^  Sterling  in  money  &c.  This  brought  it 
to  the  dusk  of  the  evening,  tho'  it  was  a  moonlight  Night 
near  the  full  Moon,  Then  the  Monsters  being  enflam'd 
with  Rum  &  Wine  which  they  got  in  sd  Hallo  wells  Cel- 
ler  proceeded  with  Shouts  to  the  Dwelling  House'  of 
1765  Augst  the  Hon!    Thos.    Hutchinson  Esq^  Lieu*  Governor   & 

The  Mob  enter'd  in  a  Voyalant  manner,  broke  the  Wainscot,  par- 

at  Govr  titions,  Glasses  &c.;  broke  &  distroy'd  every  Window, 

Hutchinsons  Broke,  tore  or  carred  off  all  the  Famaly's  Apparel  Jew- 

els, Books  &c.  and  Carred  off  about  900^  Sterling  in 
Cash,  they  worked  hard  from  8  O'Clock  on  the  House, 
Fences  &c.  till  about  12  or  one  O'Clock  ;  when  they  got 
on  the  top  of  the  House  and  cut  down  a  large  Cupola, 
or  Lanthron  which  took  up  their  Time  till  near  Day- 
light, leaving  the  House  a  mear  Shell.  So  great  a  piece 
of  Cruilty  (I  believe)  on  so  good,  so  inocent  a  Gentle- 
man' was  never  committed  since  the  Creation.  The 
next  Day  the  Governor  &  Councle  Issued  out  a  procla- 
mation of  30O;£  Lawful  m'y  to  anyone  who  shold  discover 
the  Leador,  or  Leadors  of  the  Mob  and  lOO;^  reward 
for  the  discovery  of  any  Actors  in  the  affare.  T'was 
supposed  that  several  Contrey  Fellows  &  saylors  was 
concerned  in  this  Mob,  as  there  was  but  few  of  them 
known.     There  was  a  number  of  Boys  from  14  to  sixteen 

Years 

1  Hutchinson's  house  was  on  Garden  Court  Street  at  the  North  End. 

2  It  appears  to  have  been  a  general  mistake  of  the  period  to  suppose 
that  Hutchinson  was  innocent  of  supporting  the  Stamp  Act.  See  his 
secret  letters  to  the  English  ministry  sent  over  in  i  y^j,  by  FrankUn. 


20 

FIRST   STAMP   ACT   RIOTS. 

1765  Years  of  age,  som  mere  Children  which  did  a  great 

deal  of  damage  in  breaking  the  Windows  &  distroying 
the  Furniture  Apparel  &c.  But  what  is  surprising 
there  was  some  hundreds  of  people  looking  on  as  spec- 
tators, I  was  one,  that  had  they  known  each  others 
minds  they  mite  have  prevented  the  Mischief  don  at  the 
Liv^  Governor's  ;  But  there  was  such  a  Universal  obhor- 
ance  of  the  Stamp  Act'  which  [had]  past  in  England  & 
was  soon  to  be  put  in  execution  in  America  and  which 
was  the  cause  of  the  Mob's  riseing  and  commiting  such 
cruilty  on  the  Governor ;  thinking  he  had  som  hand  in 
the  Stamp  Act,  but  it  was  soon  known  that  he  was  not 
only  inocent,  but  had  protested  against  it. 

Aug.  26  The  next  Day  there  was  a  full  town  Meeting,  when  they 
Voted  Vnanimously  their  utter  detestation  of  the  violent 
proceedings  of  the  Mob  &c.  and  had  the  minds  of  the 
people  and  the  Inocence  of  Governor  Hutchinson  been 
known  before,  as  it  was  at  this  meeting,  the  mischief  at 
his  house  mite  easily  have  been  prevented,  as  the  next 
day  their  was  a  Universal  Lamentation  for  the  Distruc- 
tion  don. 

Augst  22  My  son  Will™  Tudor  entered  collige  pas'd  examenation 
&c.  and  went  to  hording  to  the  Rev^  M^  Appelton's :' 
Aged  fifteen  years  4  mons  1 1  Days. 

Dec^  13  Very  high  Tide.  Provisions  plenty,  moderat  Weather 
helther  to.  Butter  4/g   by  the  Firkin,  Cider  30/  pork 

20d, 

X  The  first  copy  of  the  Stamp  Act  to  go  into  effect  the  following  Novem- 
ber was  received  on  the  26th  May  in  Boston. 

*  Rev.  Nathaniel  Appleton  born  at  Ipswich,  Dec.  9,  1683;  graduated 
at  Harvard  College  1712;  ordained  1717;  given  degree  of  Doctor  of 
Divinity  1771;   died  Feb.  9,  1784. 


21 


REPEAL   OF   THE    FIRST   STAMP   ACT. 

1766  20d,  Hay  20/  old  Tenor.    Fine  pleasant  Weather  for  the 

most  part  till  31  this  last  Day  of  the  Year,  but  now 
1766  Jany  6  very  Cold  a  large  vapor  on  the  Harbor  and  very  Cold  for 

6  Days. 

on  the  2<i  &  3d  Days  fell  a  Snow  16  inches  deep  on  a  levell; 
7^^  it  came  more  moderat 

Januy  5  being   Sabbath   Day  &   Small  Tides  &  Extreem  cold. 

Boston  Harbor  Frose  over  and  on  Monday  it  hardened  so, 
that  by  Thursday  people  pas^  to  &  from  the  Castle  on 
the  Ice. 
Friday  the  lo^h       it  was  moderat  Weather. 

Satterday  i  i^h  we  had  a  remarkable  Thaw  &  a  South  Wind,  which  broke 
up  the  Ice  and  clear'd  the  Harbor  so  that  a  number  of 
vessells  sail'd  a  Sabbath  Day  morning.  This  was  very 
remarkable  for  the  Harbor  to  frees  up  so  strong  &  be 
so  clear  again  in  6  Days.  It  was  thro'  owing  to  the 
sd  Thaw  &  high  spring  Tides. 
Jany  10  We  rec<i  the  melancholy  News  of  the  death  of  the  Duke 

of  Cumberland  who  died  suddently  at  his  House  in  Lon- 
don Thursday  night  Octor  31st  1765  in  the  45  Year  of 
his  age;  born  april  15  1721. 
March  12       We  have  had  a  moderat  Winter  &  but  little  Snow,  but 
March  13       between  10  &  11  O'Clock  came  on  a  Severe   Storm  of 
Snow,  Wind  from  N.  to  E.  till  aboute  10  or  11  clock  on 
Friday  14th      when  it  Shifted  to  West  &  N.  W,  &  blew  Exceeding 
hard,  by  which  several  Chimneys  were  blown  down  but 
no  persons  hurt. 
The  14*^1  &  15th    Extreem  Cold  for  the  time  of  Year;  Snow  12  Inches 
deep  on  a  Level. 
May  16         This  Day  we  Received  the  joyfull  News  by  Capt  Coffin' 

of 

I  Probably  Hezekiah  Coffin,  who  was  Captain  of  one  of  the  famous  tea 
ships. 


22 

REPEAL   OF   THE   FIRST   STAMP   ACT. 
1776  of  the  Repeal  of  the  Stamp  Act/  which  was  signed  by 

his  Majesty  on  the  i8th^  of  March  last,  upon  which  the 
Bells  were  Set  a  Ringing,  the  ship  display'd  their  Col- 
our, numbers  of  Guns  were  fired  &c. 
19  The  Select  men  appointed  this  Day  for  the  General 
Rejoicings  and  joy  smiled  in  every  Countenance.  Our 
Goal3  was  freed  of  Debtors  by  the  Generosity  of  som 
Gentleman.  At  i  O' Clock  the  Castle  and  Battery  & 
Train  of  Artillery  fired  a  Royal  Salute  &c.  &c.  In  the 
evening,  the  whole  Town  was  beautifully  illuminated: 
on  the  Common  the  Sons  of  Liberty^  erected  a  Magnifi- 
cent Pyramid  illuminated  with  280  Lamps.  The  4  upper 
Stories  were  Ornamented  with  the  Figures  of  their 
Majesties  &c.  To  give  A  full  discription  of  all  the 
Fireworks  &c.  would  be  endless  ;  all  the  affars  was  con- 
ducted with  the  utmost  Deacency. 

1  This  was  the  first  Stamp  Act  passed  March  22,  1765. 

2  The  Repeal  was  reluctantly  signed  by  the  king  on  the  17th  of  March 
1766. 

3  This  was  probably  the  Bridewell  situated  at  the  Northwest  corner  of 
the  Granary  Burying  Ground  near  the  almshouse  on  what  is  now  Park 
Street,  or  the  old  stone  debtors'  prison  near  the  present  City  Hall. 

4  The  Sons  of  Liberty  was  a  political  society,  mostly  composed  of  artisans 
and  young  men,  who  were  of  great  service  to  the  patriot  leaders  at  later 
period. 

NOTE  TO   PAGE   23. 

1  William  Cooper  was  a  brother  of  Rev.  Samuel  Cooper  and  a  son  of  Rev. 
William  Cooper  mentioned  above,  and  grandson  of  Capt.  Thomas  Cooper, 
He  was  born  in  Brookline  Oct.  I,  1721 ;  representative  from  Boston,  1755- 
56,  1774-75  and  1776-77;  register  of  Probate  for  Suffolk  County  1759-99; 
Boston  Town  Clerk  1 761-1809,  and  for  many  years  a  Justice  of  the  Peace 
He  died  28  December,  1809.  His  son  John  married  Elizabeth  Savage, 
Deacon  Tudor's  granddaughter. 


23 

[Broadside] 

AT  a  Meeting  of  the  Freeholders  and  other  Inhabitants  of  the  Town 
of  Boston,  legally  qualified  and  warned,  in  Public  Town-meet- 
ing, assembled  at  Faneuil-Hall  on  Monday  the  21st  Day  of  April  Anno 
Domini,  1766. 

VOTED,  That  the  Selectmen  be  desir'd,  when  they  shall  have  a 
certain  Account  of  the  Repeal  of  the  Stamp-Act,  to  notify  the  Inhab- 
itants of  the  Time  they  shall  fix  upon  for  the  general  Rejoicings  and 
to  publish  the  following  Vote  viz  : 

"  Under  the  deepest  Sense  of  Duty  and  Loyalty  to  our  Most  Gra- 
cious Sovereign  King  GEORGE,  and  in  Respect  and  Gratitude  to  the 
Patriotic  Ministry,  Mr.  PITT,  and  the  glorious  Majority  of  both  Houses 
of  Parliament,  by  whose  Influence,  under  Divine  Providence,  against  a 
most  strenuous  Opposition,  a  happy  Repeal  of  the  Stamp-Act  so  un- 
constitutional as  well  as  grievous  to  His  Majesty's  good  Subjects  of 
AMERICA,  is  attained ;  whereby  our  incontestible  Right  of  Internal 
Taxation  remains  to  us  inviolate : 

"  VOTED,  That  at  the  time  the  Selectmen  shall  appoint,  every 
Inhabitant  be  desired  to  illuminate  his  Dwelling-House ;  and  that  it  is 
the  Sense  of  the  Town,  that  the  Houses  of  the  Poor,  as  well  as  those 
where  there  are  sick  Persons,  and  all  such  Parts  of  Houses  as  are  used 
for  Stores,  together  with  the  Houses  of  those  (if  there  are  any)  who 
from  certain  religious  Scruples  cannot  conform  to  this  Vote,  ought  to 
be  protected  from  all  injury  ;  and  that  all  Abuses  and  Disorders  on  the 
Evening  of  Rejoicing,  by  breaking  Windows  or  otherwise,  if  any 
should  happen,  be  prosecuted  by  the  Town. 
A  true  Copy  Attest 

William  Cooper  Town  Clerk. 

/  HE  Selectmen  having  received  certain  Intelligence,  that  the  Act  repeal- 
ing the  Stamp  Act,  has  passed  all  the  requisite  Formalities,  congratu- 
late the  Inhabitants  of  the  Town  on  the  joyful  A^ews,  and  appoint  Monday 
next,  the  igth  Instant,  for  the  Day  of  General  Rejoicing,  in  Compliance  with 
the  foregoing  Votes,  recommending  to  all  Persons  a  due  and  Punctual  Observ- 
ance of  the  Salutary  Regulations  enjoined  therein. 

By  Order  of  tht  Selectmen, 

WILLIAM   COOPER^    Town-Clerk. 
Boston,  May  /j.  7766. 

Stories 


24 


From  a  London  print  April  iS'h  1766. 

A  Computation  of  the  Number  of  Inhabitants  in  Each 

Colony  and   a  proportion   of   Duties'  which    might   be 

raised  in  each  as  an    Equivalent  in  lieu  of  the  Stamp 

Duties. 


Inhabitants 

Proportion 

Canada  and  its  dependancies 

90,000 

;^3,ooo 

Nova  Scotia  &  its  dependancies    15,000 

500 

New  Hampshire 

60,000 

2,500 

Massachusetts  Bay  . 

240,000 

8,000  , 

Connecticut     . 

1 50,000 

5,000 

Rhode  Island  . 

45,000 

1,500 

New  York 

1 50,000 

5,000 

Jerseys    . 

90,000 

3,000 

Pennsylvania      (        210 
Lower  counties  I          1 5, 

000  ) 
000  i 

225,000 

7,000 

Maryland 

120,000 

4,000 

Virginia  . 

180,000 

6,000 

North  Carolina 

45,000 

1,500 

South  Carolina 

105,000 

3,500 

Georgia,  East  &  West  Florida 
Bahama  &  Bermuda 

30,000 

1,000 

Jamaica   .... 

1 50,000 

5,000 

Barbadoes 

75,000 

2,500 

Antigua  .... 

45,000 

1,500 

St.  Christopers,  Nevis,  Mont.  1 

serat,  Granada,  Dominica, 

45,000 

1,500 

Tobego,  &  St.  Vincent            ! 

Total 

i,86o,ooo» 

62,000 

Divided  by  the  total  number  of  Inhabitants  makes  8^  each 
per  Annum.  It 

«  It  was  at  this  time  proposed  in  England  that  the  Colonies  should  vote 


25 


Monday  June  i6    It  has  been  hot  &  dry  for  aboute  lo  Days  past  Satterday 
1766  last,  Butter  &  Hay  began  to  rise,  But  blessed  be  God 

this  afternoon  came  on  a  fine   Raine  sutch  as  has  not 
been  remembered  in  the  Month  of  June,  for  it  continued 
Rayney  &  Fogy  til  Satterday  Night  5  Days  &  Night, 
23    fare  &  warm  and  a  fine  prospect  of  plenty,  tho'  a  back- 
ward spring  till  the  latter  end  of  May. 

June  16  Yesterday  (Sabbath  day)  aboute  7  O'Clock  afternoon 
Dr  Clarks'  Large  Barn  &  Coach-house  was  consumed 
by  fire.  The  Fire  burst  oute  on  a  sudden  and  blaz'd 
with  sutch  Furee  that  'twas  a  great  Mercy  that  all  the 
North  part  of  the  Town  was  not  laid  in  Ashes,  as  the 
Houses  was  exceeding  dry  &  the  Wind  Fresh  &  S.  be  W. 
The  Sparks  flew  and  catch'd  a  Number  of  Houses  to 
Leward,  but  by  the  dexterety  of  the  Inhabitants  &  a 
plenty  of  Water,  under  providence  with  the  help  of 
Indjains'  we  were  preserv'd. 

Deer  19  Every  Nesaery  of  Life  plenty,  we  have  had  fine  Mod- 
erat  Weather  the  Fall  past,  till  this  day  came  on  a  Snow 
Storm. 

20  Snowed   all  Day  yesterday  &  last   night,  so  that  this 
Morning  Snow  was  18  Inches  deep  on  a  Levell. 

2 1  A  fine  day  overhead. 

Extreem 

a  voluntary  contribution  in  place  of  the  estimated  revenues  from  the  stamp 
duties,  but  the  obstinacy  of  the  king  prevented  this  plan  from  being  car- 
ried out. 

NOTE   TO    PAGE    24. 

a  This  estimate  would  give  about  a  million  and  a  half  of  people  for  the 
provinces  that  later  revolted.  John  Adams  at  the  beginning  of  the  war 
estimated  the  population  of  Massachusetts  at  four  hundred  thousand. 
Burke  in  his  appeal  to  Parliament  for  the  repeal  of  the  first  Stamp  Act 
speaks  of  the  Colonies  containing  three  millions  of  people. 

1  Probably  Dr.  John  Clark,  Speaker. 
9  Indjaips— -fire-engines, 


26 


1767  Januy  2'1        Extreem   Cold  for  3   Days  past,  Last  Tuesday  a  Snow 
10  Inches  deep. 
3J      The  Weather  something  more  moderat. 
Feby  4th      Last  Night  just  after   10  O'Clock  Brays   Bak-house  in 
Mr  Hancocks  Buildings  on  the  South  Side  of  the  Mill 
Creek3  burst  oute  into   flames,  the  Wind  being  fresh  at 
West.     The  Flames  &  Sparks  soon  drove  on  the  Roofs 
of  the  houses  on  both  sides  of  the  Creek  &  consumed 
above  20  Houses  &  near  50  Famalys  where  turn'd  oute 
of  Doars  ;  A  Number  of  Stores  Shops  and  Barnes  were 
allso  Consumed.     It  v/as  aboute  3  O'Clock  in  the  Morn- 
ing before  the   Flames   were   subdued,   as  it  was  low 
Water  when  it  began.     The  Weather  was  so  Cold  that 
the  Water  which  fell  on  Mens  Clothes  froze  immediately. 
March  14      Extreem  Cold  for  3  Days  past. 

July  17      Extreem  Dry  Weather  all  the  Month  of  June  past  &  till 
this  Day  when  we  had  a  fine  Raine.     Hay  Sold  from 
35/  to  45/  f  hundred   Roots  of  all  sorts  began  to  be 
exceeding  dear  &c.  &c. 
Augst  13      A  fine  groing  season  &  plenty  of  Raine  since  the    17  of 
July. 
November      Provisions  very  plenty  good  mutton  for  2   Coppers  f 
pound  the  best  of  Lamb  for  3.     Turkeys  &  Fowles  for 
2/  old  Tenor,  in  short  nothing  dear  but  Hay. 
1768  Feby  This  month  quite  Moderat,  tho'  the  Winter  Sett  in  the 

beginning  of  Decern^ 
Feby  20      But  little  Snow  or  Ice  on  the  Ground. 
March  15       Prity  cold,  but  no  Snow  on  the  Ground,  we  have  had  but 
a  tryfle  of  Snow  for  a  Month  past. 
20      This  morning  (Sabbath   Day)  we  had   a  Severe   N,  E. 

Snow 

3  Mill  Creek  divided  the  North  End  from  the  rest  of  the  Town  and  was 
located  where  Blackstone  Street  now  is. 


27 

1/68  March  20      Snow   Storm.     It  blew  Extreem  hard  last  Night,  it  be- 
ing just  after  the  Change  of  the  Moon  we  had  a  very 
high  Tide. 
Apl   I  St        A  very  Cold  Snow  Storm,  Wind  from  N.  to  N.  W.  blew 
hard. 
2      Extreem  Cold  last  Night,  blew  a  neare  Harican  at  N.  W. 
Which  continu'd  this  Day  &  made  as  much   Ice  on  the 
Bows  &  Sides  of  Vessells  as  in  the  Middle  of  Winter. 
3^1      more  Moderat. 
May  Raw  Cold  most  of  this  Month ;  the  Spring  Backward. 

June  30      The  coldest   Weather  that  ever  I  Remember  for  June, 
has  been  throw  this  Month  ;  but  we  have  had  fine  Raines 
and  a  prospect  of  every  thing  being  plenty, 
Septr  We  have  had  fine  Showers  most  of  the  Summer  past  & 

a  plinty  of  all  sorts  of  provisions. 
Sepf  28      Reed  Advice  that  Several  Men  of  War  and  Transports 
was  arrived  at  Nantsket. 

29  The  Fleet  came  to  Anchor  near  Castle  Willm- 

30  At  3  O'clock  P.  M.  the  Lanceston  of  40  Guns,  the  Mer- 
maid of  28,  Glasgow  of  20,  Beven  of  14,  Senegal  14, 
Bonnetta  10,  several  armed  schooners,  which  with  the 
Romney  of  50  Guns  (which  had  been  hear  most  of  the 
Summer)  &  the  other  Ships  of  War  before  in  the  Har- 
bour, Capt  Smith  in  the  Mermaid  Comadore,  all  came 
up  to  town  bringing  with  them  the  14th  Regiment  Col. 
Dalrymple  &  291^1  Regt  Col.  Care.  So  that  now  we  See 
Boston  Surrounded  with  aboute  14  Ships,  or  Vessells  of 
war.  The  greatest  perade  perhaps  ever  seen  in  the  Har- 
bour of  Boston.' 

At 

I  This  warlike  demonstration  was  to  carry  out  the  second  Stamp  Act 
called  theTownshend  Revenue  Bill  passed  in  August,  1767,  which  provided 
that  "  The  revenue  was  to  be  at  the  disposition  of  the  king,"  thereby  ig- 
noring entirely  the  constitutional  right  of  the  people  to  vote  their  own 
taxes  and  making  the  king's  power  at  once  absolute. 


28 

1768  Octo^  I  At  aboute  i  O'clock  Satterday  all  the  Troops  Landed 

Saturday  under  cover  of  the  Cannon  of  the  Ships  of  War;  The 
Troops  drew  up  in  King  Street  and  marched  off  in  a 
Short  time  into  the  Common  with  Muskets  charged, 
Bayonets  fixed  (perhaps  Expecting  to  have  met  with 
resestance  as  the  Soldiers  afterwards  told  the  inhabi- 
tants) their  Colours  flying,  Drums  beating  &  museck 
playing,  In  short  they  made  a  gallant  appearance,  make- 
ing  with  the  Train  of  Artillery  aboute  800  Men.  In  the 
afternoon  Tents  was  set  up  in  the  Common  for  the  29 
Regiment  and  about  SunSett  the  14  Regem'  Marched 
from  the   Common  down  to  Faneuil  Hall. 

Ocf  I**  (having  no  Camp  equipage  arriv'd),  where  they  stood 

about  2  howers,  at  last  about  9  O'clock  they  were  per- 
mitted to  Enter  s**  Hall :  The  Barracks  provided  by  the 
Province  at  a  great  expense  on  the  Castle  remaining 
emty,  which  was  the  reason  &  caus'd  so  many  disputes 
aboute  Quartering  the  Troops  in  the  Town 

Octo"  2  Lords-day,  the  Town  Quiet ;  This  evening  by  order  of 

Governor  Bernard  the  Secretary  Oliver  opened  the 
Townhouse  &  even  the  Representatives  chamber  for 
the  Troops. 

Ocf  6**"  Last  evening  the  picture   of  Governor  B**    hanging  in 

College  Hall '  had  a  piece  cut  out  of  the  Breast  like  a 
Heart  &  a  Note  left,  giving  the  Reason. 

Ocf  15*''  This  afternoon  General  Gage  arriv'd  from  New  York 
just  before  sunset  when  the  Troops  where  drawn  up  in 
the  common  to  receive  him  &  his  Retennu,  17  dis- 
charges from  the  field  cannon  was  fir'd  to  honour  him, 

who 

'  College  Hall  was  Massachusetts  Hall  near  the  west  entrance  to  the 
University  Yard. 


29 


1/68  Oct'"  15'''  who  came  in  his  Chariot  &  4,  his  Aid  de  camps  on 
Horseback,  all  together  with  the  Regiments  made  a 
gallant  Show ;  Many  disputes  arose  between  the  Gov- 
ernor Council,  Justices  &  Selectmen  aboute  Quartering 
&  Biliting  the  Troops.  At  last  the  General  &c  took 
up  som  Houses  &  Stores  ^  at  a  great  price  to  quarter 
them  in  — 

1769  Janu''  We  have  had  a  great  plenty  this  Fall,  Fowls   at  2/  P 

pound  turkes  from  2/3  to  2/6,  Pork  from  20*^  to  2/  &c 
Feb^  17  All  last  month  and  the  most  of  Dec""  was  moderat  till 

Feb^  com  in  &  then  it  come  on  Extreme  Cold  So  that 
Sled  Loads  of  Wood  &c  past'd  from  Charleston  to  New 
Boston,  and  by  the  12  of  Febu^' the  people  pas'd  in 
Numbers  on  the  Ice  over  Charleston  Ferry. 
Febu^  24  Uncommon  fine  warm  Weather,  4  or  5  Days  past,  so 
that  the  Ice  in  the  Docks  went  of  faster  than  it  made 
in  the  Extreme  Cold  Weather  the  i'*  half  of  this  month. 
March  16  The  Wind  blew  hard  at  South  this  afternoon  ;  and  about 
8  O'clock  in  the  Evening  it  shifted  to  W.  &  W.  N.  W. 
and  blew  a  most  Terable  Gale  all  Night  &  the  most 
part  of  the  Day  folloing.  This  Morning  we  heard  of 
Deacon  Lee's ^  Death:  He  Died  last  night  pretty  sud- 
ently  JE  90.  The  last  of  the  Founders  of  our 
Church.^ 

Fine 

*  Mrs.  Turrell  says,  "  When  the  British  Troops  came  here  they  were 
lodged  in  a  sugar-house  in  Brattle  Square." 

*  Thomas  Lee  was  the  seventh  signer  of  the  agreement  of  the  24 
members  of  the  New  North  Church  that  seceded  and  formed  the  New 
(Brick)  Church  of  which  he  was  made  deacon  and  preceded  Deacon 
Tudor  as  treasurer. 

*  The  New  Brick  Church  on  Hanover  Street,  called  the  Cockerel  Church 
on  account  of  a  weather-cock  placed  on  the  spire  as  a  satire  upon  Rev. 
Peter  Thacher,  who  was  the  cause  of  the  rupture.     The  church  was  also 


30 
THE   BOSTON    MASSACRE. 


1769  Septem' 
Novem'  28 


770  Febu''  6 


gth 
24 


25 


March 


Fine  Weather,  a  plentyfull  Summer. 
Moderate  Weather  for  the  most  part  of  the  Fall,  till 
last  Night,  when  it  came  on  very  Cold  as  it  'tis   this 
Morning 

Extreme  Cold  Weather  for  more  than  three  Weeks 
past  except  2  or  3  Days,  but  the  Harbor  in  the  Chanil- 
way  did  not  frees  up  the  whole  Time.  There  was  num- 
bers of  people  pasing  from  Boston  to  Charleston  on 
the  Ice  with  sleds  &c ;  this  Day  a  Gentleman  from 
Lynn  Rode  over  from  Charleston  to  Boston  in  his 
shays,  din'd  with  me  &  told  me  he  Brought  another 
person  with  him  in  the  shays,  and  that  it  seem'd  as  safe 
Riding  as  on  the  Land. 

An  East  Wind  &  som  Raine  the  Ice  breakeing  up. 
It  Snow'd  all  Day  very  fast.  About  10  O'Clock  before 
noon  it  was  very  Dark  &  soon  follow'd  Thunder.  At  1 1 
it  Lyhten'd  &  hard  Roling  Thunder  emeditty  follow'd. 
Very  oncommon  for  the  Time  of  the  Year  &  Snowing 
so  very  fast  at  the  same  Time. 

(Sabbath)  Extreem  Cold.  The  Harbor  was  skim'd 
over  this  morning  with  Ice ;  it  was  all  clear  the  Day  be- 
fore, but  the  Ebb  Tide  carid  it  off 

Extreem  Cold  for  3  Days  &  3  Nights  past,  this  Day 
fine  weather  &  moderat 

On  Monday  Evening  the  5*^  current,  a  few  Minutes 
after  9  O'Clock  a  most  horrid  murder  was  committed 
in  King  Street  before  the  Customhouse  '  Door  by  8  or  9 

Soldiers 

known  as  the  Revenge  Church,  and  for  a  time  this  name  was  seriously 
considered  by  the  founders. 

'  The  Royal  Custom  House  was  on  the  corner  of  King  (State")  Street 
and  Crooked  Lane,  now  Change  Avenue. 


3' 

[  770  March  Soldiers  under  the  Command  of  Cap*  Tho"  Preston  drawn 

of  from  the  Main  Guard  on  the  South  side  of  the  Town- 
house 
March  5"'  This  unhappy  affair  began  by  Some  Boys  &  young 
fellows  throwing  Snow  Balls  at  the  sentry  placed  at  the 
Customhouse  Door.  On  which  8  or  9  Solders  Came  to 
his  assistance.  Soon  after  a  Number  of  people  col- 
ected,  when  the  Cap'  commanded  the  Soldiers  to  fire, 
which  they  did  and  3  Men  were  Kil'd  on  the  Spot  & 
several  Mortaly  Wounded,'  one  of  which  died  next 
morning.  The  Cap'  soon  drew  off  his  Soldiers  up  to 
the  Main  Guard,  or  the  Consequencis  mite  have  been 
terable,  for  on  the  Guns  fiering  the  people  were  alarm'^ 
&  set  the  Bells  a  Ringing  as  if  for  Fire,  which  drew 
Multitudes  to  the  place  of  action.  Lev'  Governor 
Hutchinson,  who  was  commander  in  Chefe,  was  sent 
for  &  Came  to  the  Council  Chamber,  were  som  of  the 
Magistrates  attended.  The  Governor  desired  the  Mul- 
titude about  10  O'clock  to  sepperat  &  go  home  peace- 
able &  he  would  do  all  in  his  power  that  Justice 
shold  be  don  &c.  The  29  Rigiment  being  then  under 
Arms  on  the  south  side  of  the  Townhouse,  but  the 
people  insisted  that  the  Soldiers  should  be  ordered 
to  their  Barracks  i''  before  they  would  sepperat, 
Which  being  don  the  people  sepperated  aboute  i 
O'clock.  —  Cap'  Preston  was  taken  up  by  a  war- 
rent    given    to    the    high    Sherif   by    Justice    Dania  ^ 


'  Patrick  Carr  died  not  long  after  the  public  funeral.  There  were 
besides  these  five  killed,  six  others  badly  wounded. 

"  Richard  Dana  was  a  Boston  lawyer,  graduated  at  Harvard  College 
in  1 71 8.     Representative  from  Boston. 


32 

1770  March  s'**  &  Tudor'  and  came  under  Examination  about  2 
O'clock  &  and  we  sent  him  to  Goal  ^  soon  after  3, 
having  Evidence  sufficient,  to  committ  him,  on  his 
ordering  the  soldiers  to  fire :  So  aboute  4  O'clock  the 
Town  became  quiet.  The  next  forenoon  the  8  Soldiers 
that  fired  on  the  inhabitants  was  allso  sent  to  Goal, 
Tuesday  A.  M.  the  inhabitants  mett  at  Faneuil  Hall  & 
after  som  pertinant  speches,  chose  a  Committee  of  1 5 
Gentlem"  to  waite  on  the  Lev*.  Governor  in  Council  to 
request  the  immediate  removeal  of  the  Troops.  The 
message  was  in  these  Words.  That  it  is  the  unanimous 
opinion  of  this  Meeting,  that  the  inhabitants  &  soldiery 
can  no  longer  live  together  in  safety;  that  nothing  can 
Ratonaly  be  expected  to  restore  the  peace  of  the  Town 
&  prevent  Blood  &  Carnage,  but  the  removal  of  the 
Troops :  and  that  we  most  fervently  pray  his  Honor 
that  his  power  &  influance  may  be  exerted  for  their 
instant  removal.  His  Honor's  Reply  was.  Gentlmen  I 
am  extreemly  sorry  for  the  unhappy  difference  &  espe- 
cially of  the  last  Evening  &  Signifieng  that  it  was  not 
in  his  power  to  remove  the  Troops  &c  &c. 
March  The  Above  Reply  was  not  satisfactory  to  the  Inhabi- 

tants, as  but  one  Rigiment  should  be  removed  to  the 
Castle  Barracks.  In  the  afternoon  the  Town  Adjourned 
to  Dr  Sewill's  Meetinghouse,^    for  Fanieul    Hall    was 

not 

'  John  Tudor,  besides  being  overseer  of  the  poor  for  ten  years,  was  a 
constable  of  the  town  1738,  fire-warden  in  1752,  warden  in  1762,  justice 
of  the  peace  from  1763,  and  Surveyor  of  wheat  1764  to  '73,  and  modera- 
tor at  town  meeting. 

^  This  was  probably  the  county  jail,  a  stone  building  between  the  present 
City  Hall  and  Old  Court  House. 

9  The  Old  South  Church, 


33 

i-j-jo  March  not  larg  enough  to  hold  the  people,  their  being  at  least 

3,000,  soni  supos'd  near  4,000,  when  they  chose  a 
Committee  to  waite  on  the  Lev',  Governor  to  let  him 
&  the  Council  Know  that  nothing  less  will  satisfy  the 
people,  then  a  total  &  immediate  removal  of  the  Troops 
oute  of  the  Town.  —  His  Honor  laid  before  the  Council 
the  Vote  of  the  Town.  The  Council  thereon  expressed 
themselves  to  be  unanimously  of  opinion  that  it  was  ab- 
solutely Necessary  for  his  Majesty  service,  the  good  order 
of  the  Town  &c  that  the  Troops  Should  be  immeditly 
removed  oute  of  the  Town. — His  Honor  communicated 
this  advice  of  the  Council  to  Col  Dalrymple  &  desir'd 
he  would  order  the  Troops  down  to  Castle  William. 
After  the  Col.  had  seen  the  Vote  of  the  Council  He 
gave  his  Word  &  honor  to  the  Town's  Committe  that 
both  the  Rigiments  should  be  remov'd  without  delay. 
The  Com*"^  return'd  to  the  Town  Meeting  &  Mr  Han- 
cock, chairman  of  the  Com'''  Read  their  Report  as  above, 
which  was  Received  with  a  shoute  &  clap  of  hands, 
which  made  the  Meetinghouse  Ring:  So  the  Meeting 
was  dessoived  and  a  great  number  of  Gentlemen  appear'd 
to  Watch  the  Center  of  the  Town  &  the  prison,'  which 
continued  for  1 1  Nights  and  all  was  quiet  again,  as  the 
Soldiers  was  all  moved  of  to  the  Castle. 
March  8  (Thursday)    Agreeable    to    a    general    request   of  the 

Inhabitants,  were  follovv'd  to  the  Grave-  (for  they 
were  all  Buried  in  one)  in  succession  the  4  Bodies  of 
Mess'  Sam'  Gray  Sam'  Maverick  James  Caldwell  & 
Crispus  Attucks,  the  unhappy  Victims  who  fell  in  the 

Bloody 

'  The  prison  on  Queen  Street. 

*  The  four  victims  mentioned  were  buried  in  the    Granary  Burying- 
ground  on  Tremont  Street. 


34 


I770  March 


March  20 


July 

Sepf 
Sep''  10 


Bloody  Massacre.  On  this  sorrowfull  Occasion  most 
of  the  shops  &  stores  in  Town  were  shut,  all  the  Bells 
were  order'd  to  toll  a  solom  peal  in  Boston,  Charles- 
ton, Cambridge  &  Koxbcry,  The  several  Hearses 
forming"  a  junction  in  King  Street,  the  Theatre  of  that 
inhuman  Tradgedy,  proceeded  from  thence  thro'  the 
main  street,*  lengthened  by  an  immence  Concourse  of 
people,  So  numerous  as  to  be  obliged  to  follow  in  Ranks 
of  4  &  6  abreast  and  brought  up  by  a  long  Train  of 
Carriages.  The  sorrow  Visible  in  the  Countenances, 
together  with  the  peculiar  solemnity.  Surpass  descrip- 
tion, it  was  suppos'd  that  the  Spectators  &  those  that 
follow'd  the  corps  amounted  to  15000,  som  supposed 
20,000.  Note  Capt  Preston  was  tried  for  his  Life  on 
the  affare  of  the  above  Octob'"  24  1770.  The  Trial  lasted 
5  Days,  but  the  Jury  brought  him  in  not  Guilty.^ 
Som  part  of  this  Month  very  Cold  and  we  have  had  a 
long  and  cold  Winter,  but  not  so  mutch  Snow  in  or 
near  Boston  as  in  some  Cold  Winters  past 
A  Fine  growing  Time,  Beginning  of  August  prety  Dry, 
but  a  fine  time  for  makeing  Hay 
Fine  growing  Time 

This  afternoon  the  Town  was  surpriz'd  by  hearing  that 
Castle  William  in  Boston  Harbor  was  deliver'd  up  by 
Tho^  Hutchinson  Esq''  Leu^  Governor  to  the  Kings 
Troops  of  the    14*''    Ridgement    Commanded   by  Col. 

Dalrimple 

'  The  main  street  was  probably  King  and  Queen  Streets,  now  State  and 
Court  Streets,  thence  along  Treamount  (as  then  spelled)  to  the  Granary. 

John  Adams  and  Daniel  Webster  both  considered  the  Boston  massacre 
the  beginning  of  the  Revolution. 

^  Two  of  the  soldiers  tried  afterwards  were  convicted  of  manslaughter, 
and  branded  on  the  hand. 


35 

GREAT   STORM    AND    TIDE. 

1770  Sep'  10  Dalrimple  who  had  been  from  the  8  or  9  of  March  last 

Quarter'd  at  said  Castle.^     This  Extreordenary  step  by 
the  Kings  order  was  the  More  Surprizing  as  no  person 
heard  of  it  till  it  was  don 
Sepf  30  (Sabbath-day  morning)   Aboute  6  O'Clock,  died  very 

suddently  at  Newbury  ^  of  an  Asthmatic  fit  allmost  uni- 
versally lamented,  that  Excelent  man  of  God  the  Rev*". 
Mr.  George  Whitefield^  in  the  56  year  of  his  Age.  He 
had  been  on  a  visit  to  Portsmouth,  at  which  place  and 
at  Kittery  &  York  he  had  preach'd  every  Day  last 
Week,  and  was  to  have  preach'd,  the  morning  he  died 
at  Newbury,  on  his  return  to  Boston,  had  not  this  sor- 
rowfull  event  taken  place  His  body  was  buried  under 
Mr  Parsons  Meeting  house  at  Newbury.  Doc^  Eben 
Pemberton  preached  his  Funeral  Sermon  at  the  Thurs- 
day Lecture  Oct  1 1"',  from  i**  Peter  i^*  &  4"'  To  an  In- 
heritance Reserved  for  you  in  Heaven.  The  sermon 
was  printed. 
Satterday  In  the  morning  it  blew  hard  &  increased  to  a  terrible 
Octob*"  20  storm  of  Wind  &  Rain  which  brought  in  the  Tide  &  Sea 
till  about  I  O'clock  to  a  greater  height  than  has  been 
known  for  50  Years  (which  I  well  remember  was  on  the 
Sabbath  day  tho'  I  was  then  but  aboute  Eleven  Years 
old)  The  wind  in  this  Storm  of  the  20*"  was  from  N.  E. 
to  N.  N.  E.    Great  damage  was  sustained  by  the  Loss  of 

Sugars 

'  The  editor  can  find  no  mention  of  this  surrender  in  any  of  the 
histories.  As  Colonel  Dalrymple  held  possession  already,  the  transfer  was 
only  official. 

*  Newburyport. 

^  Mr.  Whitefield  had  lost  much  of  his  influence  before  his  death. 


36 

1770  Octob'' 20      Sugars  Salt  &c  &c.      Numbers  of  Cellars  was  full   of 

Water.  Wharfs  overflow'd,  many  tore  to  peices  &c.  So 
that  many  thought  the  damage  to  this  province  alone 
was  one  hundred  Thousand  pounds  Sterling,  as  they 
suffer'd  greatly  at  Saylem,  Marblehead,  Plymouth  &c. 
Aboute  an  hower  or  two  after  high  Water  the  Wind 
veared  to  N.  W.  so  that  the  night  Tide  was  not  so  high 
by  3  feet,  the  next  Day  moderat 
Nov'"  I  5  We  have  had  fine  Weather  hetherto,  no  snow  as  yet, 

provisions  plenty 
2o'''        We  have  now  8  Men  of  War  in  the  Harbor  of  Boston ; 
besides  arm'd  Schooners,  under  the  command  of  Como- 
dore  Gambier  in  the  Salsbery  of  50  Guns 

1 77 1  Janu^'.  30       Fine    moderat   Weather  perhaps   as    ever  was  Known. 

No  snow  all  the  Fall  &  Winter  in,  or  near  Boston  except 
a  little  Sprinkling  till  this  Day  at  noon,   came  on  an 
Easterly  Snow  storm,  but  not  Cold ;   plenty  of  allmost 
every  nesacary,  particularly  Fish 
31        Cleared  up  Moderat. 
Febu^'.  5*"       came  on  Cold. 

6*"       Cold    Morning.     The  first  vapor  we  have  had  on  the 

Water  this  Winter,  but  no  great. 
14*''  Very  Cold  Yesterday.  The  Coldest  Day  we  have  had 
all  Winter,  and  last  Night  was  the  Coldest  we  have  had, 
for  this  morning  the  biggest  part  of  the  Harbor  was 
skim'd  over,  but  the  Tide  cared  it  off,  this  last  quarter 
of  the  Moon  it  was  very  Windy  uncomfortable  Weather 
almost  every  Day.  The  moon  chang'd  this  Day  at  one 
O'clock. 
20*''       Extreem  Cold  all  this  Day 

22''        Morning  Very  Cold,  but  chang  with  the  quartering  of 
the  Moon  at  10  O'clock  A.  m. 

2  days 


37 

1 77 1  Febu-^".  24"'     2  Days  clear  &  pleasent. 

March  14       blustring  Weather  most  of  this  Month 
Thursday       This  Day  was  pubhshed  his  Majesty's  Commissions  ap- 
March  14       pointing  the  Hon.  Thos.  Hutchinson  Esq'  Governor  in 
chief;    and  And"^  Oliver  Esq''.  Lieu*.  Governor;    The 
Hon.  Thos    Fluker  ^    Esq'''   Commision    was  Red   last 
Monday  appointing  him  Secretary. 
April  18         Fast  Day  8  or  9  Days  past  very  Cold  Westerly  Winds  3 
Nights,  the  first  of  this  Week  it  frose  hard,  but  this  Day 
it  grew  warmer  towards  Noon. 
May,  June,  &  July  Fine  groing  Weather, 

Aug  4  Sab''  Exceeding  hot  toDay  &  for  a  week  past. 

Novem*"  Provisions  &  everything  plenty  except  Cider,  which  was 

sold  Current  at  4^  P  Barrel,  Cider  only.  A  vast  quan- 
tity of  English  Goods  imported  this  Summer  &  Fall  as 
the  non-Importation^  was  broke  up  first  at  New  York 
that  had  been  com  into  in  all  the  provinces  for  near  two 
Years  past,  on  acc\  of  the  Revenew  Acts  being  laid  on 
Tea  Glass  &c  by  the  parlement  at  home. 
Decem''.  2,  3  4  &  5   very  Cold 

6^^  last  Night  came  on  a  Cold  N.  E.  Storm  of  snow  which 
continu'd  till  1 1  O'Clock  this  Day  when  the  wind  blew 
at  N.  W.  &  very  Cold 

Extreem 

'Thomas  Fluker  was  representativefrom  Boston,  1756-60.  Was  one 
of  those  proscribed  in  1778  and  left  with  the  British  troops.  He  died  in 
England  in  1783.  His  daughter  married  Henry  Knox,  afterwards  General 
Knox,  in  May,  1774,  much  against  her  father's  will.  Henry  Knox  was 
noted  at  the  time  of  the  massacre  for  cautioning  Capt.  Preston  against 
firing  on  the  citizens. 

*  The  merchants  and  traders  of  Boston  entered  into  an  agreement  in 
August,  1768,  not  to  import  goods  from  Great  Britain  after  Jan.  i,  1770, 
and  further  agreed  in  October,  1769,  that  no  goods  should  be  sent  from 
Boston  until  the  revenue  acts  had  been  repealed,  and  so  instructed  the 
Colony's  agent  in  England.     See  Meml.  Hist,  of  Boston,  III.,  p.  29. 


Errata  in  line  i  of  note  i,  for  "Fluker  "  read  "  Flucker." 


38 

17/1  Deccm^  24    Extreem  Cold 

27^"     More  Moderate 

31"'     3  Days  fine  Weather.     Provisions  plenty.     Six  Men  of 
War  Winters  in  the  Harbor 
1772  Febu^'  1 1&  12  Extreem  Cold  fine  Sleding  for  8  or  10  Days. 

15        Very  Cold. 

17  very  Cold  in  the  morning,  moderated  P.  m. 

18  fine  Day. 

22**.      fine  Day  &  warm  S.  W.  Winds  4  Days  past  which  clear'd 
the  Harbor  &c  of  all  the  Ice.     The  Winter  which  from 
the  begining  of  Decern^'  has  been  prety  sevear  sem'd 
to  break  up  the  18  Inst  and  this 
22*^       it  Thundred   hard  several  Times,  about  3  &  4  in  the 
morning  &  uncommon  Warm  for  the  time  ^-v  Year. 
March  5         More  Winter  still,  for  this  Day  a  terable  N.  E.  Snow 
Storm. 
6         Snow'd    last   Night,  so    that   this    Morning  it  was    18 

Inches  Deep  on  a  level,  and  very  Cold. 
8*^      Sabbath  fine  Day 
9'^      A  Cold  N.  E.   Snow  Storm,     A  long  Winter.     Good 

Sleding  great  part  of  the  Winter. 
11"*      a  N.  E.  Snow  Storm 
12*^      As  much  snow  on  the  ground  as  there  has  been  at  one 

time  this  20  year  &  this  Day  very  Cold  Wes*^  Wind. 
13         More  Snow 
14*'' &  15*^      Westerly  Winds,  Extreem  Cold  in  the  Night  and  Morn- 
ings &  Clear :   a  greate  deal  of  Ice  made  in  the  night 
for  several  Nights  and  as  fine  Sleding  as  in  the  middle 
of  Winter. 
16*''       Extreem  Cold  last  Night  &  this  Morning  a  large  Vapor 
on  the  Harbor     11  O'Clock  gros  Warmer,  S.  W.  wind. 

This 


1772  March  16^ 


March  19 
21 


24  &  25 
29 


April  2^ 


Ap'  24 
May  2 


This  Morning  died  my  old  faithfull  Servant,  a  Negro 
Man,  that  Lived  with  me  about  34  Years,  But  the  last 
10  Years  of  his  life  he  was  Useless,  more  espesaly  the  last 
7  Years.  We  supposed  him  to  be  between  90  &  100 
Years  Old.  He  Kept'd  his  bed,  but  one  Day  &  Died  very 
easey.  It  'tis  remarkable  throw  the  goodness  of  God, 
tho'  we  have  had  a  larg  Famaly  of  Children  &  servants 
for  near  40  Years  til  of  late,  and  never  had  till  this 
Morning,  but  one  person  that  Died  under  my  Roof: 
my  Sons  &  other  Relations  Died  abroad.  Bessed  be 
God  for  a  helthy  Famely  &  all  other  Merceys.  3^ 
coffin.^ 
A  fine  Day 

a  very  Cold  N.  E.  Snow  Storm 

This  morning  very  Cold  N.  W.  Wind.  There  fell  yester 
Day  6  Inches  of  Snow  in  about  10  Howcrs,  &  we  had 
a  very  high  Tide,  over  all  the  Wharfes.  So  that  we  have 
had  5  Snow  Storms  from  the  5"'  to  the  20"'  of  March- 
Fine  Weather,  the  snow  goes  of  ver  gradually 
Cold  N.  E.  Storm  &  Rain  We  have  had  very  bad 
Weather  all  this  month  (2  or  3  Days  excepted)  as  ever 
I  remember. 

A  Cold  N.  E.  Storm  (Fast  Day) 

Snow'd  all  last  Night  &  the  Storm  continu's  exceeding 
bad,  Snow's  very  fast  9  O'clock  a.  m.  Snow  9  inches 
deep  on  a  Level 

Cold  raw  Weather  all  of  this  Month  except  2  or  3  Days 
Very  hot  for  5  Days  past.  This  Day  the  Blossoms 
came  oute  fast,  the  Grass  &  everything  in  the  Gardens 

grew 

'  This  account  of  the  death  of  the  old  servant  was  entered  in  another 
portion  of  the  Diary. 


40 

1772  May  2  grew  faster  than   ever  I  remember.     Southerly  Winds, 

most  of  the  Time. 

May  8"'  Raw  cold  4  Days. 

25  Groing  Time 

June  22''  very  raw  uncommon  Cold  for  6  or  7  Days  past.  Wind 
from  N.  to  N.  E.  &  E.  with  small  Rains  &  very  un- 
comfertable. 

July  Several  hot  Days  and  a  drouth  that  shortned  the  crops 

of  Hay,  but  at  the  later  part  of  the  month  the  Raines 
Came  on,  so  that  we  have  a  pleaseing  prospect 

Aug"*  8  The  beginning  of  this  month  fine  Rains.     On  the  Night 

of  this  Day  at  ii  &  12  O'Clock  til  about  i  we  had  the 
most  Terable  Thunder  &  Lightning  that  we  have  had 
for  20  years  past,  at  one  Time.  The  Lev*  Governor 
Oliver's  House  was  struck  with  the  Lightning,  but  little 
damage  don  to  that,  or  any  other  House,  or  person. 
Blessed  be  God  for  preserving  us  &  our  dwellings,  when 
the  Heavens  &  the  Town  for  near  2  howers  seem'd  to  be 
in  a  Blaze,  it  rained  very  hard 

Septem''  21  A  great  number  of  Young  Children  have  died  in  Boston 
within  a  Month  past  of  the  Measles,  but  few  grown 
persons  died  of  it,  in  general  (except  the  Measles)  it 
has  been  a  HeaUhy  Summer 

Sepf  30.  The  greatest  part  of  this  month  has  been  vary  Raw  Cold, 
N.  E.  Winds,  &  a  great  deal  of  Raine,  the  Brooks  and  low 
Lands  so  full  of  Water  that  the  like  in  Sepem''.  I  never 
remember 

Octo'".  A  great  deale  of  wett  Weather 

28  Yesterday  a  N.  E.  Wind  &  a  high  Tide.  Last  night  a 
N.  E,  Storm,  which  continu'd  till  10  or  11  O'Clock 
this  Day  and  very  high  Tide.     The  wind  vear'd  to  the 

North 


41 

1772  Octo''  28         North  a  little  before  high  Water  &  so  to  N.  W.  by  i 

O'clock. 

Nov""  This  month  has  been  prity  favorable.     In  the  i*'  of  it 

Cider  very  plenty.  A  great  deal  sold  for  30/  p  Barrell 
&  allmost  Every  thing  plenty,  no  Snow  but  a  good  deal 
of  Raine. 

Dec''.  25  Christmas  Day  fine  &  moderat,  no  Snow  till  last  Even- 

ing, which  was  not  above  an  Inch  &  Yz  deep.  This 
Month  so  far  has  been  very  Moderat.  A  great  favor, 
as  Wood  has  been  dear  from  ^^7.10  to  8^  all  this 
Month. 

1773  Janu''.  13         This  is  the  i'*  Cold  Day  we  have  had  this  Winter 

14"'      Snow  fell  about  4  or  5  Inches  deep 
15"'       Cold 
16         Fine  &  Moderat 

27         A  fine  Day  &  very  fine  Slaying  4  or  5  Days  past 
Jan  28  Snowed  from  8  to  about  12  A.  M.  &  turned  to  Raine  for 

aboute  2  Howers 
Febu^.  9.  Good  sleding  for  3  Weeks.  Last  Tues^  3*^  was  Extreem 
Cold.  8  Monday  Wind  at  W.  &  N.  W.  blew  hard  & 
very  Cold  9  Wind  S.  W.  &  more  moderat. 
Febu^'  21  (Sabbath  Day)  This  Morning  about  2  O'Clock  a  Fire 
broke  out  in  Sumners  Joiners  Shop  neare  the  bottom  of 
Cole  Lane,^  as  the  Wind  was  fresh  at  W.  it  soon  com- 
municated to  other  Buildings  &  Burnt  3  Dwelling- 
Houses  and  several  shops,  the  Flakes  of  Fire  flew  in 
abundance  over  the  center  of  the  Town,  so  that  it  was 
genarly  thought  the  middle  of  the  Town  would  in  a  few 
howers  have  been  laid  in  Ashes,  but  by  Divine  good- 
ness  we  where  marvilasly  preserv'd  —  on  this   Day  in 

Servis 

'  Cole  Lane,  now  the  south  portion  of  Portland  Street. 


42 

1773  Febu-"  21  Servis  time  we  was  again  alarin'd  by  fire,  but  it  was  soon 
put  oute,  again  at  5  p.  m.  this  Day  the  Wind  Sprung  up 
aboute  7,  &  by  8  &  10  O'Clock  it  blew  exceeding  hard 
at  W.  &  N.  W.  the  whole  Day  &  being  extreem  Cold  & 
a  dry  Time  our  fears  on  acd  of  Fire  was  very  great. 
Feb-'  22.  Monday  about  ii  O'clock  we  was  alarm'd  again  by  Mr 
Ivers's  '  House  (Neare  the  above  Fire)  took  fire,  but  by 
the  Activity  of  the  Indine  ^  men  &c  it  was  soon  put 
oute. 

23  For  3  Days  &  Nights  Extreem  Cold.  The  Vapor  was 
on  the  Harbor  all  Sabbath  Day  and  Monday  it  frose 
the  Harbor  over.  On  Monday  Night  it  was  suppos'd 
to  be  colder  than  we  have  had  it  for  many  Years 

25        Moderated 

28        Sabbath   Day.     Here  is   somthing    Remarkable.     Last 

Sabbath  was  extreem  cold  &  blew  very  hard  at  W.  & 

N.  W.,  but   this  Sabbath  the  Weather  was  Soft  &  so 

Warm   that  it  was  like   a  Summers  Day,   small  Wind 

aboute  S.  W. 

Boston  This  day  was  Town  meeting  at  Faneuil  Hall,  when  the 

March  8  1773  choice    of    Town    Officers    came    on,    The    Honorable 

John  Hancock  was  chose  Moderator  &c.      (I  wrote  the 

above    by  MoonLight   in  the  64^^  Year    of    My    Age 

J.  Tudor) 

March  22       We  have  had   much  better  Weather  than  we  had  last 

March  til  this  day,  we  had  a  Terable  N.  E.  Snow  Storm 

all  Day,    This  Day  p.  m.  we  where  alarm'd  by  Fire.    The 

New  Courthouse  by  a  Defect,  or  a  small  hole  that  was 

in  the  funel  of  the  Chimney  in  the  probate  office  [the 

fire] 

'  Perhaps  James  Ivers,  warden  of  King's  Chapel  in  1 782. 
*  Indine  =  Engine. 


43 


1773  March  22 


June 

June  30 
Julys 


August 
Sepf 

23 

27 

28 
29 


Sep""  30 


Octo"' 
Novem'" 
Dec'' 4 


fire]   got  throw  and  burnt  the  Floor  in  the  upper  loft, 

som  of  the  VVinscut  back  of  the  Judges  Seat  &c.     The 

Chimney  was  sett  on  Fire  to  cleane   it,  which  set  the 

parts   in  a  blaze  as  aforesaid,  but  as  spe'dy  help  was 

nigh  it  was  soon  put  oute,  but  in  half  an  Our  it  would 

have  sett  the  whole  roof  in  a  blaze.    The  Books  &c  was 

all  removed  from  the  Offices  &c. 

We  have  had  a  fine  groing  Season,  a  great  crop  of  Hay 

and  a  fine  Time  to  get  it  in. 

Begins  to  be  Dry  Weather 

An    extreem    hot   Day,    A    very    dry   Time,    But   one 

Shower    for    14   Days.     Butter   riseing    in    the    price. 

Aboute    the    midle    &   towards   the    later   end   of  this 

month  som  fine  Showers  that  renew'd  the  face  of  the 

Earth. 

Prety  dry. 

But  little  Raine 

Extreem  hot  Day  for  the  season 

very  dry  Time,  many  Brooks  &  Wells  dry.  Calm  Weather 

for  many  Da)'s 

A  fresh  gale  at  S.  &  S.  S.  W.  all  Day  and  very  warm 

Very  hot  last  night  &  this  morning,  for  the  season  till 

just  before  1 1  O'clock  the  Wind  shifted  to  N.  W.  &  blew 

fresh,  so  to  N.  &  N.  E.   which  soon   brought  on   a  fine 

Raine. 

Raine  &  so  Cold,  Wind  about  N.,  that  there  was  a  vapor 

in  the  Harbor  &  Docks  as  at  somtimes  in  Janu^.  owing 

to  the  are  being  colder  than  the  Water ;   All 

fine  Wether,  ^  Day  or  2  Exc*^ 

Fine  Weather  most  of  this  month,  provisions  plenty 

Fine  warm  Weather  continu's 

Fine 


44 

DESTRUCTION    OF   THE    TEA. 

1773  Dec'  19  Fine    moderat   Weather    continued,    till    this    morning 

som  snow  &  cold  &  raw  with  frost. 

Note.  The  Body  of  the  people  of  Boston  and  numbers 
from  the  neighbouring  Towns  have  lately  mett  at  the 
Old  South  Meeting  house  (Faneuil  Hall,  not  being  so 
large  as  to  contain  the  people)  Supos'd  to  be  from  5  to 
6,000,  and  having  Several  meetings,  conserning  a  Large 
quantity  of  Tea  shipt'd  from  London  by  the  East  India 
Company  Subject  to  a  Duty  payable  in  America.  This 
16^''  Decern''  meeting  was  adjourned  to  the  P.  m.  and  after  finding 
all  methods  failed,  with  those  men  to  whom  the  Tea  was 
consigned,^  to  send  it  back  from  whence  it  came, 
dissolved  their  meeting.  But  Behold  what  followed. 
A  number  of  Resolute  men^  in  less  than  3,  some 
say  2  hours  time,  Emtied  Every  Chest  of  Tea,  on 
Board  the  3  Ships  Commanded  by  Captains  Hall,  Bruce 
&  Coffin,^  into  the  Sea,  amounting  to  342  Chests  with- 
out the  least  damage  to  the  Ships,  or  other  property.* 
This  Tea  was  worth  'tis  said  at  least  25,000.  £  sterling, 

as 

'  The  consignees  were  Elisha  and  Thomas  Hutchinson,  brothers  of 
the  Governor,  Richard  Clark  and  Sons,  Benjamin  Faneuil,  Jr.,  and  Joshua 
Winslow, 

^  Only  the  names  of  a  few  of  these,  and  not  until  long  after,  were  ever 
known,  even  to  the  patriot  leaders.  This  plan  of  dealing  with  the  ob- 
noxious tea  was  probably  arranged  long  before,  and  the  Indian  disguise 
was  a  most  effective  concealment  of  their  identity. 

^  Capt.  James  Hall  commanded  the  "  Dartmouth,"  that  arrived  first 
on  November  28th,  of  which  Francis  Roach  was  the  owner;  and  Capt. 
James  Bruce  commanded  the  "Eleanor,"  and  Hezekiah  Coffin  the  brig 
"  Beaver,"  which  arrived  a  few  days  later. 

■•  The  three  ships  were  moored  at  Griffin's  Wharf,  now  Liverpool 
Wharf,  near  the  foot  of  Pearl  Street.    See  "  Gazette  "  of  6  December,  1773. 


45 

1/73  1 6*''  Decern''  as  a  great  deal  of  it  was  green  Tea.      It  was  all   di- 
stroycd,  with  as  little  noise  as  perhaps  anything  of  the 
like  nature  was  ever  don  in  the  Evening  and  all  over 
&  quiet  by  8  O'Clock 
Dec'  25  Satterday.     Moderat  till  3  O'clock  P.  m.  when  the  Wind 

sprung  up  S.  E.  &  by  6.  in  the  evening  blew  very  hard 
with  Raine,  till  4  or  5  in  the  morning,  when  it  Shifted 
to  the  South  &  blew  exceeding  hard  till  about  2, 
when  it  Shifted  to  West  &  blew  so  extreem  hard  that 
'twas  difecult  for  the  women  to  go  to  meeting;  and 
continued  till  sundown,  when  it  began  to  abate. 
1774  Janu^'.  10  Came  on  extreem  cold  which  continued  3  Days,  but  as 
it  was  full  Tides  the  Harbor  was  not  frose  up. 
14'**      More  moderate.     Fine  sleding,  provision  plenty.     The 

best  of  pork  @  2/ 
15         Last  night  Snow'd  so,  that  by  9  O'clock  this  morning 
it  was  14  Inches  on  a  level,  which  with  what  was  on  the 
ground  before  made  it  aboute  20  Inches 
iS**"      It  has  snow'd  every  day  at  times  for  a  Week  past 
31         Still  Cold,  fine  sleding  for  200  miles  to  the  Westward 
as  Travelers  tell  us  and  Snow  in  general  3   feet  deep. 
This  Janu^'.  for  the  most  part  has  been  very  Cold. 
Febu^  I         fine  moderat  Day 

12  Raine  at  Night  turn'd  to  snow. 

13  Snow'd  &  fell  8   Inches   So  that  we  have  now  3  or  4 
Snows  laying  on  the  ground. 

14  In  the  morning  extreem  cold 
15*''       Ditto,  fine  sleding. 

March  8         Fine  Day.     Prety  good  Weather  this  month  so  far. 

18         Prety    good    Weather  this    month     11    O'clock  A.m. 
Small  Wind  about  N.     Snows  very  fast. 

This 


46 

1774  April  19  This  Day  moved  from  Boston  to  Cambridg  with  my 
famaly,  Goods  &c,  into  the  House  ^  that  I  bought  of 
Mr  James  Bryant  the  29  of  last  Novem"" 

May    4  This  afternoon  it  grew  very  Cold  for  the  time  -^  Year 

5  Thursday  morning  at   Sunrize   Extreem   Cold   for  the 

season.  There  was  so  great  a  horefrost  last  night  as 
ever  was  Know  at  this  time  --^  Year.  It  was  the  opinion 
of  many  that  the  apples  &  other  frute  would  be  cut  off 
by  this  frost.  And  so  it  turned  oute.  Almost  all  the 
apples  was  lost,  cherry's  &  peaches  (a  very  few  excepted) 
was  all  cut  oft" 

June  A  fine  season  for  Grass. 

July  A.  fine  crop  of  Hay.    It  sold  for  15/  p  hundred  &  before 

July  was  out  sold  for  12,^6 

August  i'^  60  Days  have  expired  since  Boston  Harbor  was  shut  up 
by  that  inhuman  act  of  the  British  parlement  called  the 
Boston  Port  Bill.^  Took  place  on  June  the  first  and 
which  has  been  carred  into  Execution  with  all  the 
Rigour,  that  the  Fleet  &  army  could  exercise,  by  Gov- 
ernor Gage,^  who  was  the  General  with  5  regiments  & 
Admiral  Graves  with  5  or  6  Men-of-War  &  4  commis- 
sioners. 

•  This  house  is  still  standing  near  the  top  and  on  the  south-east  side  of 
Nonantum  Hill,  Brighton. 

'  The  act  closing  the  Port  of  Boston  was  signed  by  the  King  on  the 
31st  March  to  go  into  effect  June  first  following.  The  first  news  was 
received  on  the  loth  May.  On  the  13th  the  town  meeting  passed  a  vote 
asking  all  the  other  colonies  to  join  in  severing  all  commercial  intercourse 
with  Great  Britain. 

'  On  the  day  of  this  meeting  General  Gage  arrived  in  Boston  and  was 
well  received.  He  ordered  the  General  Court  to  meet  in  Salem  after  June 
first,  where,  on  the  17th  of  June,  the  five  delegates  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  to  meet  at  Philadelphia  on  September  first,  were  elected  before 
the  Court  was  dissolved  by  Gage's  order. 


47 

BOSTON    PORT    CLOSED. 

1774  August  i'^  sioners.  Most  Consistently  cruel  has  the  British  legis- 
lators acted  in  employing  those  fit  Instruments  of 
Tyranny  to  inforce  the  most  inhumain  Act  that  ever 
disgraced  an  English  Senate,  or  distress'd  a  Loyal  a 
vertuous  &  I  will  say  (for  I  Know  it)  an  innocent 
People  (a  few  excepted)  It  would  take  up  pages  to 
describe  the  various  hardships  Boston  now  groans 
under.  I  therefore  leave  them  to  the  honest  Historian, 
of  American  Annals  to  tell  the  dismal  story  to  pos- 
terity: and  whil'st  the  Shameful  Story  rouses  their 
Indignation  of  the  treatment  of  their  Ancestors,  may  it 
inspire  them  with  Virtue  &  with  Patriotism:  May 
they  animate  each  other  by  the  recolection  of  what 
their  Fathers  sufifer'd  for  Freedom,  &  never  part  with 
this  noble  boon  of  Heaven,  but  with  Life.  Note.  Let 
it  never  be  forgotten  the  Genouras  &  noble  Colections  & 
donations  ^  that  were  rais'd  and  given  by  the  Neibour- 
ing  Governments  &  Towns  ^  for  the  Releafe  of  the  poor 
&  distress'd  inhabitants  of  Boston  on  the  cruel  Treet- 
ment  as  above 
August  8  Extreem  dry  for  15  Days  past,  except  i  shower  of  ^ 
hower 
17  ditto,  till  near  5  P.  M.  when  it  Rain'd  fast  &  continu'd 
all  Night  &  till  6  nex  morning,  by  11  fine  Day. — 
Blessed  be  God  for  this  favor  of  Raine,  for  the  corn  & 
grass  was  in  a  Malencoley  way. 

A 

'  A  record  of  donations  received  has  been  preserved  in  the  Boston 
town  records. 

^  All  the  colonies  sent  contributions,  from  even  as  far  south  as  Charles- 
ton, South  Carolina. 


[Mfwepaper  Cutting.] 

BOSTON   IN   NEW   ENGLAND. 
The  following  is  a  List  of  the  Squadron 
in   North    America   under    Command    of 
Adm.  Graves  : 


Zi 

SHIPS 

COMMANDERS 

GUNS 

MEN 

1 

V 

Preston 

Vice  Adm.  Graves  > 
Capt.  J.  Robinson  S 

5° 

300 

3 

Somerset 

Edward  L.  Cras 

68 

520 

o 

Asia 

George  Vandeput 

64 

520 

Boyne 

Brod.  Hartwell 

64 

520 

1 

Tartar 

Edward  Medows 

28 

160 

1 

Mercury 

John  MaCartney 

24 

130 

"3 

Glasgow 

William  Maltby 

24 

130 

Fowey 

George  Montagu 

24 

130 

■^ 

Lively 

Thomas  Bishop 

20 

130 

f  g 

Scarborough 

A  Barclay 

20 

130 

1=  ^ 

Rose 

Thomas  Wallace 

20 

130 

(^  l! 

Tamar 

Edw.  Thornborough 

16 

100 

o    S 

Swan 

James  Ayscough 

14 

100 

a    S 

King-Fisher 

James  Montagu 

14 

100 

Cruizer 

Tyringham  Howe 

8 

60 

IH 

Savage 

Hugh  Bromadge 

8 

60 

N     '-y 

Gaspee 

William  Hunter 

6 

30 

bo    ui 

Schooner  Diana  Thomas  Graves 

4 

30 

o  § 

Magdalen 

Lieut  Collins 

4 

30 

5  'S 

St.  John 

William  Grant 

4 

30 

^  -5 

Halifax  ' 

Joseph  Nunn 

4 

30 

'1   I 

Hope 

George  Dawson 

4 

30 

-i3 

Diligence 

Jona  Knight 

4 

30 

Canceaux      ( 
arm'd  Ship    ' 

1   I, 

Lieut  S.  Mowatt 

6 

45 

<1   S^ 

Total  502     3,475 

Donations  received  since  four  last  rom  M'  David 
Hoar,  of  Cambridge,  10  Poonds  of  sage  and  10 
Pounds  of  baum,  dry'd  from  Pennsylvania,  150 
barrels  of  Flour. 


1774 

.  August  1 8 

Sepf 

2 

Sep^ 

3'' 

Oct'- 

2  I 
27 
28 

Nov*' 

4 

5 

i8 

49 

A  new  face  upon  the  Earth 

friday.    Very  hot  dry  Weather  several  Days  past,  but  at 

5  P.  m.  came  on  hard  Thunder  &  Lightning  with  a  great 

Shower 

It  Rain'd  plentifully  all  last  Night. 

Another  fine  raine  most  of  the  Day 

Very  dry  &  dusty 

A  fine  Raine  last  Night  &  this  Morning 

fine  Weather  for  3  Weeks,  plenty  of  provisions, 

fine  warm  Weather  continues 

fine   Raine  last    night    &    warm    Raine    &    foggy  this 

morning 

fine  Weather  stil 

fine  warm  Raine 

fine  Weather    this    fall,   but  a  dry  season    for  near    2 

months  till  Tuesday  morning  15  when  it  Thunderd  & 

Lightned  hard  before  day  16'*^  A  plenty  of  Raine  but 

this  18*^^  in  the  morning  a  small  snow  &  cold,  but  clear'd 

off  by    10  moderat,    but   at  4    P.    M.    wind   shifted   to 

N.  W.  from  the  W.  &  by  S.  &  blew  hard  and  Cold  &  at 

7  it  snowed  very  fast  but  soon  stop'd  but  it  blew  hard  & 

Cold  all  night. 

19  Blew  fresh  &  cold  all  Day  wind  W.  &  in  N.  W. 
21  Blow'd  hard  J.  Stanly  ^  lost  in  this  storm 

Dec"".    4         Sabbath  fine  Day,  uncommon  warm 

20  Clear  &  Cold 

Snow 

'  Deacon  Tudor's  oldest  grandson  and  son  of  Capt.  Thomas  Stanly  and  his 
wife  Mary  (Tudor)  Stanly,  the  Deacon's  oldest  daughter.  Young  Stanly  was 
at  that  time  eighteen  years  old,  and  was  on  a  brig  commanded  by  Capt.  Chas. 
Acworth  bound  to  Boston  from  Newfoundland.  The  brig  went  ashore 
near  Cape  Ann,  and  one  other  man  besides  the  Captain  and  young  Stanly 
were  drowned. 


Errata  in  line  4  from  bottom,  fof  four  last  rom  "  read  "  our  last  from  ". 
Errata  in  line  3  from  bottom  of  text,  for  "  J.  Stanly  "  read  "  T.  Stanly  ". 


775 

Jan' 

lO 
20 

Febu- 

'  I 

lO 

20 

21   & 

22 

March  i6 

50 

1774  Dec''.  22  Snow 

23         Cold 

28  Still  cold  and  this  morning  came  on  a  cold  N.  E.  Snow 
Storm  which  continued  all  Day 

29  Cold  N.  Wind.     Snow'd  last  night  so  that  'tis  15  Inches 
deep 

fine  sleding  several  Days 
fine  Day  &  moderat  Weather  all  this  month 
fine  Day.     All  Janu-""  very  moderat  weather 
fine  Weather  &   moderat,    till  this   Day,  when  it  blew 
fresh  at  E''  &  at  1 1  O'Clock  began  to  Snow 
fine  Weather  &  uncomon  Warm. 

Fast  day,  which  was  apointed  by  the  provincial  Con- 
gress '  which  sat  at  Cambridg.  No  General  Court  has 
been  call'd  since  it  'twas  desolv'd  last  June  by  Governor 
Gage.^  This  Fast  Day  was  not  kept  by  the  Church  of 
England  as  it  was  not  apointed  by  the  Governor  &c  as 

March  16  formerly.  We  have  had  fine  warm  Weather  for  3  or  4 
Weeks  past  till  this  Evening  it  Rain'd  &  snov/'d  but 
Warm  for  the  season.  The  weather  has  been  so  fine 
and  warm  that  in  3  or  4  days  past  the  pasturs  in 
many  places  is  as  green  as  at  som  times  it  has  been  the 
V^  April 
17  Morning  snows  fast,  by  9  O'clock  5  Inches  deep  on  a 
level. 

April      5       Uncomon  dry  weather,  ever  sence  the  19  March,  for  the 

time 

'  The  Governor  had  called  the  General  Court  to  meet  on  the  5th 
October,  1774,  but  had  changed  his  mind  on  the  28th  September  and 
dissolved  it.  On  the  7th  October,  however,  the  delegates  had  organized 
themselves  as  the  Provincial  Congress. 

'  This  was  an  error.  There  had  been  no  meeting  of  the  General  Court 
since  June  17  until  called  again  by  the  Governor  in  the  autumn. 


51 

THE    LEXINGTON    SKIRMISH. 

1775  April  5  time  of    the  Year,  til  this   morning  a   N.  E.   storm  of 

Snow,  which  fell  very  fast,  that  by  8  O'CIock  A.  m.  it 
was  5  Inches  deep  12  began  to  stop  after  it  had  snow'd 
fast  from  10  to  11 

12  A  terable  Storm  of  snow  &  Raine.      Wind  ab'  East  & 

cold 

19  fine   Weather,  but   terable  News  from   Lexinton,   just 

after  6,  this  morning  we  had  a  rumer  that  the  1000, 
some  said  1200^  Regular  solders,  that  marched  oute  of 
Boston  privately  last  night  had  kil'd  30  men'^  of  s*^ 
Lexenton  who  where  exercising:  by  7  that  there  was 
but  6:  by  9,  but  3  &  3  wounded:  that  the  regulars 
were  gon  to  Concord  &c  &c.  Rumor  on  Rumor:  men 
&  horses  driveing  post  up  &  down  the  Roads  ;  by  10  that 
the  News  got  to  Boston  by  7,  By  10  we  heard  of  2  or 
3  ridgements  marching  from  Boston  under  the  command 
of  lord  Percy,  with  field  peices,  to  get  to  the  Asistance 
of  those  who  where  fiting  with  our  people  of  Concord, 
Lexinton  &c.  By  1 1  we  hear'd  [that]  Percy's  troops  ^ 
took  Old  CamM  Road,  that  they  where  1000  at  least; 
people  were  in  great  perplexity,  Women  in  distress  for 

their 
'  The  original  force  was  800  men,  under  command  of  Col,  Francis 
Smith.  This  whole  force  would  have  been  destroyed  or  captured  had  not 
Percy  come  to  their  assistance  when  they  were  entirely  demoralized;  and  he 
could  not  have  reached  them  in  time  had  he  not  been  given  proper  direc- 
tions by  a  too  truthful  patriot ;  nor  would  he  if  the  orders  given  to  the 
town  officers  to  destroy  the  bridge  across  the  Charles  river  had  been  carried 
out, 

*  The  actual  loss  of  the  Americans  was  51  killed,  ^;^  wounded,  and  4 
missing;   total,  88. 

■*  Percy's  account  in  a  private  letter  gives  his  losses  as  66  killed,  172 
wounded,  and  23  missing;   total,  261,  including  18  officers. 


52 

SEIGE   OF   BOSTON. 

1775  April  19  their  husbands  &  frends  who  had  march'd  arm'd  after 
them  on  the  i^'&  2^^  rumor  —By  3  &  4  P.  m.  the  contry 
was  all  in  Arms  for  many  miles  round  [and  it  was 
rumored]  that  the  regulars  was  on  the  retreat  &c  &c ; 
by  5  that  many  where  kil'd  on  boath  sides  &c.  By  6  the 
firing  was  hear'd  on  the  Hills  &  the  smoke  seen  near 
my  House  ^  on  s"^  Hills.  By  7  they  were  drove  by  our 
gallent  Cuntremen  near  to  Charleston  Neck,  on  Charles- 
ton, Hill  the  Genarl  (Gage)  had  planted  som  canon 
on  5^  Hill  to  preserve  his  Troops  in  their  retreet ;  here 
our  people  halted  very  prudently  as  s*^  Cannon  mite  have 
kil'd  many  &  night  coming  on  put  an  end  to  this  terable 
days  work. 
20*''  All  confution,  Numbers  of  Carts  &c  carreing  of  Goods 
&c,  as  the  rumer  was  that  if  the  solders  came  oute 
again  they  would  burn  Kill  &  destroy  all  as  they 
march'd,  for  they,  when  they  began  to  retreet  yesterday 
sett  several  Houses  &  Barns  on  Fire,  distroy'd  &  stole  a 
numer  of  Goods,  Money,  Plate  &c  &c. 
22"*  Boston  Shut  up.  No  persons  allow'd  to  come  oute  & 
our  army  at  Roxbery  Suffer'd  none  to  go  in,  so  that  the 
people  in  Boston  Suffer'd  greatly  for  want  of  fresh  pro- 
vision, milk  &c  but  by  the  25,  26  &c  people  was  per- 
mitted by  a  pass  from  Governor  Gage  to  com  oute,^  but 

not 

'  From  the  top  of  Nonantum  Hill,  Brighton,  close  to  the  Deacon's 
house,  there  is  a  fine  view  of  the  valley  of  Charles  river  and  the  hills 
beyond  Cambridge. 

2  General  Gage  had  issued  an  order  that  on  depositing  their  arms,  any 
of  the  citizens  might  leave  the  town.  A  great  number  of  arms  of  various 
kinds  were  deposited  under  this  order;  but  Gage,  having  secured  these, 
decided  not  to  allow  those  suspected  of  patriot  sympathies  to  leave,  as  he 
thought  their  presence  might  prevent  bombardment. 


53 

1775  Ap'  22''  not  sufifer'd  to  bring  oute  any  provision,  or  Merchandise 

whatever.  For  as  the  report  is  the  Admiral  (Graves) 
claimes  a  Right,  as  plunder,  to  all  merchandise  &c,  on  a 
Supposition  that  the  people  are  in  Rebelion  &  should 
be  treated  as  Rebels,  as  he  and  som  others  call  'Em. 
By  the  best  account  we  have  at  present,  the  nomber  of 
our  people  kill'd  in  the  ingagement  on  the  19^''  was 
about  40  &  those  of  the  Kings  Troops  in  Kill'd  wounded 
&  taken  was  at  least  140,  later  accounts  say  300.'  But 
I  forbare  at  present  a  farther  Ace*  &  leave  it  to  som 
faithfuU  Historian  to  tell  the  dismal  story  to  posterity. 
On  the  29"'  My  Daughter  Savage  ^  with  three  of  her 
Children  took  their  flight  from  Boston  to  my  House 
[in  the]  upper  part  [of]  Camb^  for  saftey,  two  of  my 
Daughter  Thompson's  ^  [Children]  from  Brookline  was 
with  us  before,  many  others  who  can  gett  a  pass  are 
dayly  leaving  Boston,  from  those  terable  times,  Good 
Lord  deliver  us. 

[Passes] 

1775  May  20  Permit  Deacon  Tudor  &  Lady  &  Mr 
Thompson  to  Pass  the  main  Guard 

(Roxbery)  Jno.  Hopkins  Sec^ 


Cambridge 

'  See  above.  The  British  loss  was  261.  Snow  (History  of  Boston) 
gives  the  loss  as  273. 

^  Elizabeth  (Tudor)  Savage,  the  Deacon's  youngest  daughter,  marriej 
to  Hal)ijah  Savage. 

■^  Jane  (Tudor)  Thompson,  the  Deacon's  second  daughter,  married  to 
William  Thompson. 


54 


1775  Ap'  22^'  (Cambridge  May  1775) 

Permit  John  Tudor  Esq  to  pass  the  Guards  from  Head 

Quarters  and  repass 

1775  May  J.  Ward  Secretary 

(Such  were  the  times  that  no  person  was  admitt®*^  to 
pass  unless  he  had  such  a  permit) 


May  12  My  son  W"  took  his  flight,  &  broke  from  Boston  by  the 

roundabout  way  of  Point  Sherly  ' 
13  My  son  Savage^  got  to  my  House  with  his  Daughter 

Debby^  and  Pegy  CooHdge ''  P.  m.  Satterday,  by  virtue 
of  a  pass,  with  a  Wagon  full  of  his  housel  Goods  & 
some  Bacon  secreted,  for  no  provision  was  in  those 
Arbretary  times  alow'd  [nor]  by  the  Governor  &c  per- 
mitt'd  to  be  brought  oute,  nor  any  merchandise  or 
licuars  of  any  kind,  those  (as  is  suppos'd)  is  design'd 
for  a  preay  or  booty  for  the  Officers  &  Soldiers,  Admeral 
&c  of  the  Fleet,  who  call  the  Inhabitants  of  the  town  & 
Province  Rebbels  and  say  they  shall  be  treeted  as  such. 
17  This  evening  between  8  &  9  O'Clock  a  fire  broke  oute 

in 

^  This  was  probably  just  before  the  seizure  of  all  the  boats  by  General 
Gage. 

*  Habijah  Savage,  a  Boston  merchant,  who  after  the  death  of  his  wife 
Elizabeth  (Tudor)  Savage,  in  1788,  became  deranged,  and  never  recov- 
ered, though  he  lived  many  years  later. 

^  Deborah  Savage  was  the  fourth  child,  born  2d  March,  1772. 

*  Margaret  Cooledge  was  a  widow,  who  resided  with,  and  a  friend  of, 
Deacon- Tudor's  family  for  many  years.  See  account  of  her  death  at  end 
of  April,  1780. 


55 

THE    NODDLE'S    ISLAND    AFFAIR. 

1775  May  17  in  the  Barracks  of  the  65"'  regiment  on  the  south  side 

of  the  Town  Dock '  in  Boston  occasioned  by  a  sergant 
deHvering  oute  Cartridges  to  the  souldiers  by  Candle- 
light,    a  spark  from  the  Candle  set  fire  to  s'^  Cartridges. 
The  building  was  soon  in  a  blaze.     Upon  the  discovery 
the  Troops  beat  to  arms,  which  being  unusual  on   such 
occasions,  caused  great  Consternation  amongst  the  in- 
habitants.     Som    inhabitants    repair'd  to    the    Engine 
houses    as    usual,   but   to  their  surprize  were  told  the 
Engines  were   not  to    be  diliver'd  withoute   an    order 
from  the  General,  (he  having  a  few  Days  before  took 
them  under  his  care).     By  this  delay  the  fire  got  to  so 
great  a  height  as  put  it  oute  of  the  power  of  the  people 
.speedily  to  stop  it.     It  raged  till  near  3  O'Clock   next 
morning,  in   which  time  all  the  Barracks  on   the  dock, 
with   a  number  of  Ware  houses,   about  30  in  number 
were  entirely  consumed    with  merchandise  to  a  great 
value;   The  merchandise  was  cheefly  taken  oute  of  the 
stores  &  put  upon  the  Wharf,  &  mite  have  been  saved, 
had  not  Admeral  Graves  in  a  tiranecal  manner  som  time 
before    taken    every  Boat  from    the   Town,    &   at  the 
time  of  the  fire  cruelly  refused  any  Assistance.     It  was 
the  opinion  of  the  inhabitants  that  if  the  engines   had 
been  in  their  hands  as  formerly,  or  [if  they]  could  have 
got  them  in  season,  the  fire  might  have  been  stopped  at 
the    first    barrack. —  The  Warehouses  &  merchandize 
consumed,  'tis  thought  amounts  to  25,000.  £  Sterling. 
May  27  P.  m.     A  number  of  the  Massachusetts  Forces  v/ith  a 

party 

'  The   Town  Dock    was   an    open  basin  of  water  near  where  Quincy 
Market  now  stands. 


56 

5  May  27  party  of  the  New-Hampshire  forces,  in  all  about  600  were 

attempting  to  bring  off  the  stock  upon  Hog  Island,'  and 
about  30  or  40  upon  Noddle's  Island,^  were  doing  the 
same  about  a  100  Regulars  landed  upon  the  last  men- 
tion'd  &  fired  on  our  men  without  hurting  one  of  them, 
our  men  soon  return'd  the  fire  and  the  Regulars  run  off- 
But  more  coming  from  the  Men-of-War  our  people  put 
off  &  got  safely  back  to  Hog  Island.  The  Regulars  began 
to  fire  briskly  by  platoons  upon  our  people,  at  the  same 
time,  an  armed  Schooner  with  a  number  of  Barges 
from  the  Men-a-War,  came  up  to  Hog  Island  to  pre- 
vent our  people's  getting  off  s'^  Island ;  w'^"  she  could 
not  effect :  after  this  several  Barges  where  towing  her 
back  as  there  was  little  Wind  and  flood  [tide]  against 
her,  our  people  made  a  heavy  fire  of  small  Arms  on  the 
Barges  and  two  3  pounders  Coming  up  to  their  assist- 
ance began  to  play  on  the  schooner  &c,  &  soon  obliged 
the  Barges  to  quit  her  (for  she  got  aground  on  Wini- 
simet  ferry  ways)  and  after  the  tide  was  partly  gon  off, 
our  people  set  her  on  fire  in  the  midst  of  the  Barges 
crue,  that  kept  a  constant  fire  on  our  people  to  prevent 
it,  after  s'^  Schooner  burnt  to  the  Waters  edg,  our 
people  got  all  her  Guns  &c.  that  was  not  destroyed  by 
the  fire,  a  great  quantity  of  Cloaths^  &c,  'tis  said  to  the 
value  of  300.  £  SterK  This  affare  lasted  all  Satterday 
evening  &  Night  &  part  of  Sundy  A.  m.,  the  stock 
was  by    our  people    all  taken    off  Hog-Island,  &  som 

from 

'  Hog  Island  is  now  called  Breeds  Island. 

'  Noddle's  Island,  now  East  Boston. 

2  It  is  not  quite  apparent  how  these  supplies  could  have  been  taken  out 
after  the  burning  of  the  vessel,  though  all  the  accounts  of  the  time  men- 
tion it  thus.     The  schooner  was  probably  stripped  and  then  burned. 


57 

1/75  May  27  from  Nod'  Island;  ^  to  prevent  them  from  being  taken, 

or  falling  into  the  hands  of  the  Army  &  Fleet.^ — Per- 
haps history  cannot  furnish  us  with  a  more  Miracu- 
lous interposition  of  divine  providence.  Although  our 
Enemies  kept  a  hot  fire,  both  from  their  Cannon 
&  small  arms,  yet  we  had  not  one  Man  killed  &  but 
three  Wounded,  neither  of  them  mortal,  the  Rev''  Mr. 
Tacher,3  minester  of  Maiden,  &  judg  Cushings '^  grand- 
son, who  where  boath  in  the  above  engagement,  gave 
me  the  above  ace*  of  the  Battle.  'Tis  suppos'd  that 
there  was  at  least  150  Soldiers  &  seamen  kil'd  by  our 
people,  our  peoples  heads  was  not  only  cover'd  in  the 
Day,  but  allso  in  the  night  of  Battle.  Salvation  be 
ascribed  to  New  England's  God. 

as 

'  Noddle's  Island. 

"^  This  account  of  the  skirmish  follows  the  local  accounts  of  the  period, 
and  was  apparently  derived  from  an  on-looker.  The  small  loss  on  the 
Provincial  side  shows  the  bad  shooting  of  the  British  troops,  and  this  was 
usually  the  case  in  later  battles,  where  the  loss  of  the  British  was  always 
heavy  as  compared  with  the  Americans,  This  skirmish  and  removal  of 
the  cattle  was  managed  under  the  orders  of  General  Putnam,  who  received 
great  credit  for  the  admirable  outcome  of  the  affair. 

^  Rev.  Peter  Thacher  was  born  at  Milton,  21  March,  1752;  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1769;  was  elected  minister  at  Maiden  in  1770;  elected 
minister  to  Brattle-street  Church,  Boston,  in  January,  1785;  was  for 
fifteen  years  Chaplain  to  the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts;  died  at 
Savannah,  Ga.,  16  December,  1802.     Was  noted  for  his  eloquence. 

*  This  was  John  Gushing,  the  father  of  Justice  William  Gushing,  who 
was  one  of  the  judges  at  the  trial  of  those  concerned  in  the  Boston 
Massacre. 


58 

THE   BATTLE   OF   BUNKER  (BREED'S)    HILL. 

1775  June  17  as  terable   a  Day  as  ever   I  saw,    for    Yesterday    Gen' 

Satterclay,  Putnam'  (a  gallant  man  from  Connec')  was  intrenching 
on  Bunkers  Hill  ~  at  Charleston,  when  a  number  of  Men- 
of-War  haled  up  near  s''  Town  to  cover  the  landing  of 
the  regular  Troops,  about  3,000.  with  doble  officers  to 
command  them  against  Putnams  men,  about  800.  when 
[news  of]  the  affair  got  to  Cambridge  where  the  Ameri- 
cans were  incampt'd  Gen:  Ward^  sent  1,000.  Men  to 
assist  our  brave  Men,  but  they  came  to  late,*  for  the 
regulars  had  got  posesion  of  the  Hill,  'tho'  our  people 
fought  like  herows  &  kil'd  princaple  officers  92  —  Sar- 
gents  102,  Corporals  100  &  privats  753  in  all  1047, 
besides  a  great  number  wounded  many  of  whome  died,^ 
So  that  they  got  the  Hill  at  a  terable  dear  rate  1047 
killed  445  wounded,  1492  killed  &  wounded:  our 
people  lost  but   108   killed,  292  wounded,  in   all  400.^ 

The 

'  This  appears  an  error.  Putnam  was  a  subordinate  in  this  battle 
Colonel  Prescott  having  chief  command,  though  Putnam  had  charge  of 
building  the  breastworks  on  Bunker  Hill,  where  he  tried  in  vain  to  make 
a  last  stand. 

^  Named  after  George  Bunker,  the  greatest  land-owner  in  Charlestown, 
who  died  in  1664.  The  error  in  naming  the  battle  after  Bunker  Hill  is 
not  quite  clear,  except  that  being  the  highest  hill  it  was  naturally  supposed 
that  it  had  been  chosen  for  defence.  The  whole  battle  was  confined  to 
Breed's  Hill,  which  Gridlej'  the  engineer  planned  for  defence. 

^  Gen.  Artemas  Ward  was  then  in  command  of  all  the  Provincial  forces 
near  Boston. 

■•  The  reinforcements  did  not  come  too  late,  but  they  did  not  succeed  in 
crossing  the  Charlestown  neck  on  account  of  the  British  fleet  and  batteries, 
which  swept  this  place,  though  the  retreating  Provincials  do  not  appear  to 
have  suffered  greatly  in  crossing. 

*  The  actual  loss  of  the  British  was  1,054  killed  and  wounded,  including 
157  officers,  many  of  whom  were  shot  by  their  own  men. 

^  The  Americans  lost  420  killed  and  wounded,  and  30  prisoners. 


59 


1775  J""e  17 
Satterday, 


July  13 


19 


20 


The  Regul'"^  lost  near  10  to  i.  about  2  O'Clock  on  s'' 
day  the  Men-of-War  &  there  Boats-crew  began  to  sett 
the  Town  of  Charleston  on  fire,^  and  by  5  I  saw  the 
whole  Town  in  flames  :  it  contain'd  300  dweling  Houses, 
besides  Stores,  shops  &c 

My  son  W"  was  this  Day^  at  Cambridge  apointed  Judg 
Advocate  to  the  Continental  Army,  which  we  hear  Con- 
sists of  35  Rigiments^ 

The  Representetives  mett  atWatertown  for  the  Election 
of  Counciler's,  &  a  Sermon  was  preach'd  by  Mr  Gordin  * 
from 

This  day  was  Kept'd  as  a  Day  of  Prayer,  &  Fasting 
throw  the  Contenent  on  account  of  the  times,  'tis  said 
this  is  the  i^*  time  the  Collonys  ever  united  to  Keep 
such  a  Day  at  the  same  time.  —  It  was  agreed  on  last 
Month  by  the  Contenential  Congress  setting  at  Philadelp'a 

Lection-day 

'  The  town  was  fired  Ijy  red-hot  shot  from  Copp's  Hill  in  Boston,  where 
the  British  had  a  battery.  Little  credit  appears  to  have  been  given  the 
British  soldiers  for  courage  in  this  battle,  even  their  officers  accusing  them 
of  cowardice.  Considering,  however,  the  terrible  fire  of  the  Americans,  by 
which  one  company  of  the  Fifty-second  Regiment  was  wholly  destroyed, 
and  that  of  the  British  troops  nearly  half  of  those  engaged  were  killed  or 
wounded,  and  that  some  of  them  charged  more  than  three  times,  one  can 
but  conclude  that  they  were  as  courageous  as  men  can  ever  be. 

■■'This  was  ten  days  after  General  Washington  had  taken  command  of 
the  troops  at  Cambridge.    The  appointment  was  not  confirmed  until  July  29. 

•*  Contemporary  accounts  give  the  number  of  Provincial  troops  at  this 
time  under  the  command  of  General  Ward  as  14,000,  of  which  9,000  were 
Massachusetts  men. 

''  Rev.  William  Gordon  was  born  atHitchin,  Hertfordshire,  England,  in 
1730;  came  to  America  in  17 70;  received  honorary  degree  of  A.  M.  at 
Harvard  College  in  1772,  and  at  Yale  College  in  1773;  ordained  minister 
of  the  Third  Church,  Roxbury,  in  1772,  and  made  Chaplain  to  Provincial 
Congress  of  Massachusetts.  Returned  to  England  in  1786,  and  published 
a  history  of  the  United  States  there  in  1 788.  Died  at  Ipswich,  October^ 
1807. 


6o 


THE  AMERICANS  BOMBARD  THE  TOWN. 


1775  July  19  Lection-day,  there  was  209  Representatives   return'd  to 

sett  in  the  Court ;  They  chose  28  counsellors.  By  the 
Newspaper,  Watertown  July  24*^  there  was  an  account 
of  266  towns  &  districts  in  the  Province  ^  Massac^.  Bay, 
many  small  Towns  sent  no  Represn^'.     many  sent  too 

August  I  We  have  had  a  very  dry  Summer,  except  a  few  Showers 
Hay  fell  short,  but  a  plenty  of  all  kinds  of  frute  &  a 
good  Crop  of  Indian  Corn  in  Octo''. 

Novem""  1 1  A  great  deale  of  Rain  within  6  Weeks,  but  no  Snow 
and  but  little  Cold  Weather 

For  3  days  past  very  Cold,  &  this  morning  Came  on  a 
cold  N.  E.  Storm  &  snow 
Very  cold 

Extreem  Cold  for  the  time  o  ^  Year,  we  have  had  but 
little  Snow  this  Winter  at  or  near  Cambridge  and  none 
above  3,  or  4  Inches  deep  as  yet 

Satterday  night  about  11  O'Clock  the  Bum  Batterys 
from  Prospect  HilP  &  Leachmor's  Point  ^  began  to  fire 
their  bums  &  shot  against  Boston,  &  Bunkers  hill 
(which  was  boath  ocupied  by  the  Regulars)  which  con- 
tinued on  boath  sides  the  best  part  of  the  Night. 

Sundythe  3^  We  hear'd  fireing  Several  times,  and  in  the  Evening 
went  at  it  again 

The  4'"  Aboute  7  O'Clock  our  people  began  from  all  parts  to 

fire  most  terably  at  Boston  (as  afterwards  we  hear'd)  to 
draw  the  Enemis  attention  towards  our  firing,  while  our 

people 

'  In  So  nerville,  about  one  and  a  half  miles  west  of  Bunker  Hill.  This 
hill,  and  Winter  Hill  one  mile  further  west,  had  been  fortified  by  General 
Putnam  before  W.. si. ington's  arrival  at  Cambridge. 

*Leachmere's  Point  was  between  the  two  lower  Cambridge  bridges, 
nearest  the  East  Cambridge  bridge  on  the  west  side  of  Charles  River. 


Dec'".  24 

1776  Feb  29 
March  i 


March  2' 


6i 

THE    BRITISH    AND   TORIES   EVACUATE. 

1776  March  4"'  people  to  a  great  number  of  men  &  Teams  &c  took 
possession  of  two  Hills  ^  at  Dorchester,  Aboute  7  P.  m. 
just  as  night  came  on  &  began  to  erect  a  strong  brest- 
work,  or  forts,  which  they  compleated  before  Sunrise, 
when  the  Generals,  Admiral  &c  discover'd  [this]  in  the 
morning  they  were  Struck  with  surprize  (&  as  we  hear'd 
said  the  Divel  must  help  the  Yankey's  as  they  call  us.) 

5"'  aboute  10  A,  m.  they  began  to  fire  from  Boston,  the 
blockhouse-  on  the  Neck^  &c,  which  was  return'd  by 
our  people  at  Roxbery  &c 

6  East  night  a  terable  storm  of  wind  aboute  South  &  no 
fireing,  but  the  wind  rored  hke  Cannon 

7"^     fast  Day.     Fireing  seas'd  on  boath  Sides 

8  Still  quiet,  but  hear  the  women  &  children  are  moveing 
with  their  efects  on  board  the  Ships,  &  all  in  confuton 
in  Boston. 

9^"    Quiet  all  day,  but  about  >^  after  8  P.  m.  a  fireing  began 
from  Boston,  &  continued  all  night  on  boath  sides.     On 
dorchester  side  800    Shot  was  gathered  up    next  day 
perhaps  not  half  that  was  fired  at  them 
10       All  seems  quiet  11  d"  12  d'*. 

13  Som  fireing  last  night 

14  Quiet  last  night  &  this  day  15  &  16  do. 

i^th     ^g  were  agreeably    surpriz'd    at  the  account    of  the 

Regulars 

'  The  chief  fortification  was  on  the  highest  hill,  near  the  centre  of  the 
Neck,  though  it  was  intended  to  strongly  fortify  Nook's  Hill,  nearer  Boston, 
had  the  British  remained.  Only  a  small  breastwork  was  erected  there,  on 
March  17. 

■^  The  old  fort  at  the  entrance  on  the  south  side  of  Boston. 

^  The  road  leading  across  the  narrow  neck  connecting  Boston  with 
Roxbury  was  then  called  Orange  Street, 


62 

17/6  xMarch  17'''  Regulars  all  leaveing  Boston  by  10  O'Clock  this  fore- 
noon '  (Sabbath)  &  that  the  Men-of-War  &  transports  full 
of  Soldiers  was  going  of,  &  no  fireing  on  either  side : 
Bunker's  hill  was  allso  evacuated  &  all  this  without 
Bloodshed,  was  truly  Surpriseing.  The  accounts  aded 
also  that  the  Selectmen  ^  of  Boston  was  com  to  Roxbery 
to  acquaint  and  consult  with  our  Generals  on  affairs. 
And  the  Town  of  Boston  was  soon  Enter'd  by  the 
troops  of  the  13  United  Colonies  of  North  America 
commanded  by  the  brave  General  Washington,  numbers 
of  our  people  soon  went  into  the  Town  and  report  that 
the  Regulars  went  off  in  such  confution,  that  they  left 
near  a  lOO  horses  &c,  sever'l  Cannon  &  a  great  number 
Shot:  with  the  fleet  went  of  the  Mandamas  Counclrs^ 
&  a  number  of  the  other  Tory's  &  famaly's.'' 
18  The  Men  of  War  lay  below  &  near  the  Castle  — 
19*'*  Easterly  winds,  they  lay  as  Yesterday 
20"'  this  morning  before  Sunrise  som  ship  or  Ships  of  War 
drew  up  near  the  lower  point  of  Dorchester  were  our 
people  was  throwing  up  a  new  brestwork  to  anoy  the 
Castle,  S*^  Men  of  War  fired  near  two  houers  at  them 
but  did  no  damage 

last 

'  The  evacuation  had  been  long  contemplated,  but  was  carried  out  with 
some  precipitation  after  the  erection  of  the  battery  on  Nook's  Hill,  Dor- 
chester, which  commanded  the  town. 

*  These  were  John  Scollay,  Timothy  Newell,  Samuel  Austin,  Oliver 
Wendell,  and  John  Pitts.  John  Hancock  and  Thomas  Marshall  were  also 
nominally  Selectmen  during  the  siege,  but  were. elsewhere. 

^  These  were  the  councillors  appointed  by  the  Governor  after  the  charter 
had  been  set  aside. 

*  The  list  of  these  given  in  "  Memorial  History  of  Boston,"  with  their 
families,  amounted  to  927  persons.  See  Mass.  H.  Soc.  P.,  December,  1880, 
p.  266. 


6}, 

THE    FIRST    CAPTURE    AT   SEA. 

1776  March  21        last  night  the  Regulars  burnt  &  destroy'd  the  Castle  & 
left  it  [in  the]  P.  m.  our  people  took  possession  of  it. 
22"  &  23       The  men  of  War  &  Transports  had  fallen  down  from 
their  laying  near  the  Castle  to  Nantasket  Road  &  there 
lay  Several  Days  Windbound, 

About  27  &  28  The  Men  a  War  &  Transports  &  a  number  of  Tory's 
with  their  Famalys  Sail'd,  &  we  after  som  days  hear'd 
they  got  to  Hallefax  in  a  miserable  condition,  for  want 
of  room's  and  allmost  all  other  nessacarys  of  Life,  as 
they  fled  in  hast 
May  17  (Fryday)  A  Contenential  Fast  was  Kept  in  13  Provences 

—  This  Day  was  taken  by  one  of  our  priveteers  a  ship 
of  300  Tons  with  1,500  Barrils  of  powder,  a  1000  Stand 
of  Armes  &c.  &c,  coming  to  Boston  for  the  use  of  the 
Kings  Troops,  but  luckely  fell  into  our  hands 
29  Lection    Day,   We  had  the  melancoly  news    that   was 

rumer'd  8  or  10  Days  before,  confermed,  of  our  people 
raiseingthe  siege  against  Quebec,^  leaving  their  Cannon, 
baggage  &c  behind  them.  Some  Men  of  War  & 
Troops  being  just  Arived  to  releave  the  garison  &  who 
with  the  old  Troops  came  oute  &  put  our  Troops  off. 
The  General  Court  met  at  the  meeting  hous  in  Water- 
town  (as  the  smallpox  was  in  Boston).  The  Honorable 
James  Warren  -  Esq'',  was  unanimously  Chosen  Speaker 

& 

'  Montreal  had  been  captured  by  the  expedition  of  Benedict  Arnold 

and  Montgomery,  but  the  latter  was  killed  in  the  first  attack  on  Quebec 

and  the  siege  had  to  be  abandoned,  though  Arnold  succeeded  in  bringing 

off  what  remained  of  his  men  and  munitions. 

*  James  Warren,  a  merchant  of  Plymouth,  was  born  there  28  Sep- 
tember, 1726;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1745;  was  a  member  of 
the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts  from  1766-74;   died  27  November, 


64 

THE   DECLARATION    OF    INDEPENDENCE. 

1776  May  29  &  Sam'.  Freeman^  Esq""  Clerk.     The  number  returned 

to  represent  the  Towns  &  Districts  was  267,  about  14 
rcturn'd  afterwards,  the  largest  number  perhaps  ever 
known  in  the  Colony.  The  Town  of  Boston  sent  12 
Roxbury  3  Salem  6  Cambridge  4.  Several  Towns  as 
well  as  Boston  sent  3  times  the  number  that  they 
formerly  did  on  acc^  of  the  Times. 
28  Counsellors  chose,  6  who  were  in  last  Year  resign'd 
previous  to  the  Election 
June  13  This  evening  a  number  of  men  from  Boston  &  other 

Towns  embarked  for  Long  Island,  Nantasket  Hill  &c, 
where  in  a  few  hours  they  threw  up  a  Line  of  Defence 
&  planted  som  Cannon,  &  soon  fired  at  the  Commodore 
a  50  Gun  Ship ;  upon  which  a  Signal  was  made  for  the 
whole  fleet,  consisting  of  8  ships  2  Snows,  2  Brigs  &  i 
Schooner  to  remove,  &  got  of  as  fast  as  posable  from 
Nantasket  road  where  they  all  lay.  The  Commodore 
stopt'd  near  the  Light  House  &  blew  it  up ;  in  the 
above  Ingagement  (for  the  Commodore  return'd  the 
Shot)  not  one  of  our  Men  were  hurt.  6  or  7  Of 
the  above  Ships  were  full  of  Soldiers  bound  into  Boston, 
expecting  to  join  General  How  &  Company  not  hearing 
of  their  being  gon. 
In  Congress.  A  Declaration  of  the  United  States  of  America  in  Gen- 
July  4 —  1776  eral  Congress  assembled  (viz'  13  Provinces). 

When 

1808.     His  wife,  Mercy  Otis,  was  a  sister  of  James  Otis,  and   a  brilliant 
writer. 

'  Samuel  Freeman  was  born  in  Maine  15  June,  1743;  a  member  of  the 
Provincial  Congress  of  Massachusetts  for  four  years;  was  from  1775  for 
forty-five  years  Clerk  of  the  Courts;  was  Judge  from  1S04  to  1820;  died 
at  Portland,  Me,,  2  September,  1831. 


65 

1776  In  Congress.  When  in  the  course  of  human  events  it  becomes  neces- 
July  4 — 1776  sary  for  one  people  to  dissolve  the  poHtical  bands  which 
have  connected  them  with  another  &c  &c 
(The  Congress  say)  The  history  of  the  present  King  of 
Great  Britain  is  a  history  of  repeated  injuries  &c  all 
having  in  direct  object  the  establishing  of  an  absolute 
tyranny  over  these  States.  —  To  prove  this,  let  facts  be 
submitted  to  a  candid  World.  Then  go  on  &  give  27 
reasons  for  their  declaring  their  Independancy  (as  that) 
He  (the  King)  has  forbidden  his  Governors  to  pass 
Laws  of  pressing  importance.  —  He  has  called  together 
Legislators  at  places  unusual,  uncomfortable,  and  dis- 
tant from  the  depository  of  their  public  Records,  for  the 
sole  purpose  of  fatigueing  them  into  compliance  with 
his  Measures. —  He  has  dessolved  Representative  houses 
repeatedly,  for  opposing  with  manly  firmness  his  inva- 
sions on  the  rights  of  the  people.  —  He  has  made  judges 
dependant  on  his  own  will  alone.  —  He  has  erected 
a  multitude  of  new  offices  (officers)  &  sent  a  swarm 
of  officers  to  harris  our  people  &  eat  out  their  Substance. 
—  He  has  kept  up  among  us  in  times  of  peace  standing 
Armies  &c.  —  for  imposing  Taxes  on  us  without  our 
consent.  For  taking  away  our  Charters  &  altering  the 
form  of  our  Governments,  —  for  declaring  the  Parlament 
to  be  invested  with  power  to  legislate  for  us,  in  all 
Cases  whatever.  —  He  has  made  War  against  us.  —  He 
has  plundered  our  seas,  ravaged  our  coasts,  burnt  our 
towns  &  destroyed  the  lives  of  our  people.  —  He  has  at 
this  time  transported  large  armies  of  foreign  Troops  to 
compleat  the  works  of  Death  &  desolation  &c.  In  every 
stage  of  these  oppressions  we  have  petitioned  for  redress 
in  the  most  humble  terms,  which  has   been  answered 

only 


66 

\'/'j6  In  Congress,  only  by  repeated  injury  &c  &c  to  the  No  of  27  Reasons. 
July  4 — 1 776  We  thcreior  the  Representatives  of  the  United  States 
of  America  in  General  Congress  assembled,  appealing 
to  the  Supreme  judge  of  the  World  for  the  rectitude  of 
our  intentions,  do,  in  the  name,  &  by  the  authority  of 
the  good  people  of  those  Colonies,  Solemnly  publish  & 
declare,  that  these  Colonies  are  and  of  right  ought  to  be 
Free  &  Independant  States:  that  they  are  absolved 
from  all  allegiance  to  the  British  Crown  &  that  all  po- 
litical connection  between  them  &  the  State  of  Great- 
Britain,  is  &  ought  to  be  totally  dissolved :  and  that  as 
Free  &  Independant  States  they  have  full  power  to  levy 
War,  conclude  peace,  contract  alliances,  establish  com- 
merce, &  to  do  all  other  Acts  &  things  which  Independ- 
ant States  may  of  right  do.  And  for  the  support  of 
this  Declaration,  with  a  firm  reliance  on  the  protection 
of  divine  providence,  We  mutually  pledge  to  each  other, 
our  lives,  our  fortunes,  and  our  sacred  honor.  Signed 
by  order  and  in  behalf  of  the  Congress 
attest  John  Hancock  president 

Charles  Thompson  Secretary 

Aug**'.  Sept^  &  Octo''.     fine  Season 

Nov""  1 1  uncommon  fine  warm  Weather  for  3  Weeks   past  &  but 

little  Raine.  Winds  small  from  the  W.  to  S.  W.  &  South 
Except  2  or  3  Days  an  E  wind  as  warm  as  in  May.  — 
In  s*^  3  Weeks  we  have  had  4  or  5  very  white  frost's 
but  by  10  or  1 1  A.  m.,  quite  warm,  Evenings  fine  & 
calm ;  but  this  morning  Came  up  a  fresh  raw  E.  wind  & 
by  2  P.  m.  began  to  Raine.  This  is  the  first  day  we 
have  seen  the  Gease  fly,  when  many  flocks  [going] 
from  the  E.  to  the  S.  W.  pas'd  over  us. 
This  afternoon  was  drove  by  at  Cambridge  a  large  drove 

of 


67 

BATTLE    OF   TRENTON. 

1776  Nov  11  of  Cattle  &  notwithstanding  the  unnatural  War  is  still 

careing  on  we  have  a  plenty  of  most  of  the  Nessacrys 
of  life :   Blessed  be  God  for  those  &  all  other  Mercy's. 
Nov  15  this  morning  sett  oft*  from  my  house  my  son  for  New 

York.     Still  fine  Weather 
22'*  Still  fine  warm  Weather,  but  the  driest  time  that  Ever  I 

Remember  for  the  time  of  Year,  Yet  my  Well  has   13 
feet  &  10  Inches  of  Water  in  it,  when  many  Brooks  & 
Wells  has  been  dry  som  time 
Dec""  r'*  Very  dry  time  till  last  Night,  a  plenty  of  Raine 

4*'^  Plenty  of  Raine  last  night  and  this  day.     Brooks  now  full. 

5'"  fine  day  &  W^  wind  &  cold 

Sattrday  21  N.  E.  Snow  Storm  all  Day  &  most  of  the  Night 

Sunday  a.  m.  fine  Day,      Snow  10  Inches  deep  on  a  level. 

24  fine  sleding  &  fine  Weather  till  the 

26,  then  came  on  a  N.  E.  Snow  Storm,  P.  m..  Wind  at  East 

&  turn'd  to  Raine  &  blew  at  N.  &  N.  E.  very  hard  till 
midnight 
27  A  fine  Day 

Janu''.  30  1777        (We  have  had  Cold  weather  for  5  Weeks  past  except  a 
Day  or  two)  :  this  morning  came  on  an  Easterly  Snow 
Storm  that    continv'd  till    ne'r  Night  &  left  us  a  fine 
coat  of  Snow  about  7  or  8  Inches  deep:   then  a  spel 
of  better  Weather 
Febu^.  II.      A  Snow  Storm  Came  on  at  8  A.  m.  Wind  at  South  & 
gradualy  back'd  to  E.  &  N.  E.  &  blew  hard  &  snow'd 
very  fast  til  10  at  Night,  so  that  in    the  morning  of  the 
la'*"       we  found  the  Snow  12  or   13   inches  deep  on  a  Level. 
By  Letters  from  my  Son  and  others  from  New  Jerseys 
we  have   accounts  of  the  Success  of  General  Washing- 
ton 


68 

1777  Febu^  12"'     ton,  who  with  2400  men  in  a  Terable  N.  E.  Storm  of 
Snow  Haile    &    Raine    cross'd    the  Delaware    River  & 
atack'd  on  the  morning  of  Dec^  26.,  1,900.  Hessians  & 
som  Enghsh  Hght  horse   at   Trenton^  in   the  Jerseys. 
&  took  919  prisoners,  kill'd  &  wounded  about  70.  in  the 
whole  989,    A  number  soon  after  taken  made  the  whol 
about  1200,^  &  took  6  fine  brass  field  pieces,  7  Stand- 
erds,   a  Number  of  fine  Waggons,  pork,  Flower  &c  & 
1200  Small  Arms.    The  British  light  horse  road  ofif  &  so 
eskap'd:  our  loss  did  not  exceed  20  kill'd  &  wounded. — 
In   a  Letter  dated  Feb\    10,  my  son    writes  me  The 
British  Army  are  Ensurkel'd   in  Brunswrick^  &  are  so 
short  of  provision  that  they  are   Dayly   Deserting  to 
Gen:  Washingtons  Army. 
Febu>'  24        Came  on  a  Snow  Storm,  Wind  at  N.  E.  and  blew  ver 
hard  all  Day  &  the  Night  following : 
25"'      this  morning  we  found  the  snow,  full  10  Inches  deep 
in  adition  to  what  was  before  on  the  Ground,  with  the 
Wind  still  at  N.  E.  &  raw  cold 
26.       a  fine  Day,  clear  &  warm 
28        Clear  &  very  Cold 
March  2'^        (Sabbath)  Wind  at  N.  W.  &  Extreem  cold 
5"'       do  6  &  7  more  moderate 

a 

'  This  battle  and  capture  of  the  Hessians  was  at  the  most  critical  period 
of  the  war,  when  the  Provincial  forces  were  reduced  to  6,000  men,  and  the 
outlook  was  most  gloomy  for  the  Patriots. 

^  This  probably  refers  to  Princeton,  where  the  British  lost  500  men  in 
killed,  wounded,  and  prisoners. 

3  Washington  had  intended  to  capture  the  magazine  at  Brunswick  after 
the  battle  of  Princeton;  but  the  American  troops  were  too  exhausted  for 
more  fighting.  After  these  two  victories  the  people  generally  rose  in  arms 
and  beleaguered  the  British  troops  in  Brunswick,  cut  off  from  their  main 
body  at  New  York. 


69 

1777  March  24      a  fine  Day,  planted  some  peas 

28*''     ver  Cold  4  Days.     It  frose  very  hard  4  nights  going 
April  5"'         Very  Cold  this  morning,  as  it  has  been  3  Days  past,  & 
frose  very  hard  3  nights  past 
15'''         this  Morning  I  found  in  a  paile   at  my  back  Door  Ice 
that  frose  last  night  full  half  an  Inch  thick. 
May  5*"  raw  cold  weather  Still 

1 1  very   raw  Cold  weather  Still,  &  this  morning  a  white 

frost  &  it  frose  in  a  tub  in  my  yard  full  as  thick  as  a 
Copper 
12"'  Snow'd  in  the  morning  fast. 

13  So  Cold  that  'twas  uncomfortable  to  do  anything  abroad. 
Wind  N.  W. 

14  Mor  warmer  by  the  Winds  shifting 

26  very  hot  so  as  to  open  our  Dovrs  &  Windows  for  are 
wind  from  W.  to  S.  W. 

27  Warm  in  the  Morning  &  for  3  Days  the  Apple  Trees 
has  been  as  full  of  blossoms  as  ever  was  remembered, 
Aboute  9  this  morning  the  wind  sudently  shifted  from 
S.  W.  to  E.  &  in  3  hours  was  raw  Cold.  Which  encreas- 
ing  to  the  28  with  som  Raine  in  Showers  it  continued 
so  Cold  that  we  found  the  fire  as  comfortable  as  in 
March. 

28  Lection    Day.     The    General    Court    met    in    Boston. 

Speaker  &  Clerk  the  same  as  last  Year;  The  number 
returned  to  represent  the  Towns  &c,  was  249,  which  is 
32  less  than  last  Year,  &  28  counclelors  was  chosen  as 
usual 
July  14  Fine  Raine  for  2  Nights  past  but  Yesterday  uncommon 

Cold,  Wind  about  East  for  48  howers.     We  have  had 
Showers  in  plenty  hether  to,  A  prety  good  crop  of  Hay, 

but 


70 
BURGOYNE'S    SURRENDER. 

1777  July  14  but   the  apples  is  like  to  fall  short,  'tho'  there  was  as 

great  a  blow  of  blossoms  as  ever  was  seen  ;  'tis  thought 
the  uncom.  cold  &  frost  in  may  hurt  the  buds  &  blossoms. 
Plums,  Cherrys  &c  but  very  few  this  year. 
Sepf  9^'^  This  morning  at  2  O'clock  died  the  Rev''  Dr.  Ebene"". 
Pemberton,  in  the  73'^  Year  of  his  Age  &  50*''  of  his 
ministry :  he  rec'^  the  degrees  of  batcheller  &  master  of 
Arts  in  1 72 1  &  1724;  he  spent  the  first  Years  of  his 
Ministry  at  New  York  aboute  25  years,  when  an  unhappy 
differance  arose  in  the  Church  and  he  with  his  Collegue 
M'\  Gumming  Asked  a  dismifsion,  which  was  reluctantly 
granted  in  one  day,  Soon  after  Dr  Pemberton  returned 
to  Boston,  the  place  of  his  Birth  &  was  soon  chosen 
unanimously  by  the  New  Brick  Church  &  Congreg" ;  of 
which  he  died  pastor  after  Serving  his  Master  &  the 
Church  aboute  25  years,  he  left  neither  Wife  or  Child,  he 
had  bured  4  Wifes,  but  never  had  a  Child,  'tho'  he  took 
care  of  Several. 
Octo"".  22  This  morning  &  last  Night  so  Cold  that  I  found  in  a  Tub 
in  my  yard  Ice  full  i  /4  of  an  Inch  thick.  The  first  Night 
we  have  had  so  cold  this  fall. 
28       A  Cold  long  storm  of  Raine  Wind  E. 

On  the  17*^'' Inst.  Lev^  General  John  Burgyne  at  Saratoga  Surrendered 
himself  and  his  whole  army,  to  Maj''  Gen'.  Horatio 
Gates,  Consisting  of  5,752,  when  he  first  came  with  his 
army  from  Canaday  he  had  in  all  9,213,  Indians  in- 
cluded, but  3,461  ^  were  before  he  surrendered  either, 

kil'd 

'  The  actual  return  of  prisoners  taken  by  General  Gates,  as  made  tiy  him' 
was  3,875.  Of  those  surrendered,  about  i,6oo  were  German  troops.  Bur- 
goyne's  losses,  according  to    his   own   account,  had   amounted  to   i,i6o 


1777  Octo'.  17''' 

^  1778 
Cambridg 
Febu-\  7'" 
15 


[6  &  17 
18 
19 


March  22' 


23^ 


30' 


kil'd   taken,  or  deserted,  wounded  or   Sick,  who  all   fell 

into  our  hands. 

Last  Evening  at  7  O'Clock  came  on  a   Snow  Storm  & 

raw  Cold   E.  Wind  &  this   morning   Snows  fast  &  very 

Cold  Wind  shifting  to  N.  &  N.  W. 

Sunday  morning.     Extreem  cold  as  it  has  been  2  days 

past.     Wind  from  N.  W.  to  W.  But  about   12  at  noon 

grew  warmer  the  Wind  vearing  about  2  points  from  W- 

to  S. 

do.  do. 

do.  do.  til  near  Noon 

fine  Day,  wind  S.  W. 

This  month  the  small-pox  began  to  spred  in  Boston  & 

numbers  were  Inoculated.     Every  thing  looks  dark  as 

War  &c.^ 

(Sabbath)    It  frose  very  hard  last  night    &  blew  like 

a  herican,  as  it  did  all  day  yesterday ;   Wind  at  N.  W. 

A  m.     P.  m.  at  W.     This  morning  at  N.  W.  boath  days 

as  Cold  as  I  can  remember  any  for  50  Years  at  this  season 

frose   hard  last  night,  but  the  Wind  did   not  blow  so 

hard,  Wind  got  to  N.  this  morning 

A  terable   Snow   Storm   came   on  last  evening  &  blew 

very  hard  all  Night.      Wind  at  E.  &  b  N,  this  morning 

continues,  with  snow  hail  &  raine  &  very  Cold,  &  looks 

like  the  middle  of  Winter 

Still 

killed,  wounded,  and  missing,  including  73  officers,  since  he  left  Canada, 
and  before  the  surrender  at  Saratoga.  This  victory  led  to  the  recognition 
of  the  United  States  by  France,  and  later  to  the  French  alliance,  in  the 
spring  of  1778. 

'  This  was  the  most  discouraging  period  of  the  war,  and  doubtless  the 
letters  from  Valley  Forge  were  not  of  a  character  to  add  to  the  hopes  of 
the  Patriots  at  home. 


^2 

1778  March  31''     Still  snowing  &  cold,  Trees  &  everything  cover'd  as  in 
the  dep's  of  Winter,  Wind  at  N. 

April  5"'  Sabbath,  A.  m.  8  O'Clock,  Snowing  fast,  wind  at  N. 
It  began  Yesterday  P.  m.  at  5  and  snow'd  all  night,  for 
this  morning  it  was  near  12  Inches  deep  &  'tho' the  s'** 
of  April  looks  like  the  dep's  of  Winter.  Everything 
looks  dark,^  as  War  &c  good  Lord  deliver  us  &  ours 
from  Enemies  abrod,  &  Extortion  among  ourselves 
every  Nesacry  of  Life  is  exceeding  dear 

May  30  a  Frost  last  night  after  2  cold  Days  of  a  West  &  N.  W. 

wind,  which  damag'd  the  Corn  Beens  &c,  cut  of  most  of 
the  peaches  &  put  everything  back,  but  a  fine  Season 
after,  'tho'  everything  continues  by  reason  of  the  War 
very  dear:  In  June  Butter  from  3/6  to  4/  Beef  2/  &c 
&c 

June  24  An  Eclips  of  the  Sun  as  great  as  ever  I  saw.  Beginning 

at  9h.  1 8m  The  middle  at  loh  30m,  Duration  2h.  30m. 
The  sun  was  Eclips'd  about  1 1  Digits.  It  was  some- 
thing Cloudy,  but  saw  it  at  times  very  plain.  It  ap- 
pear'd  just  as  the  New  Moon  does  at  3  Days  old. 
Moderat  Weather.  Wind  aboute  S.  S.  W.  the  Dark- 
ness came  on  the  S.  W.  side  of  the  Sun  &  pass'd  off  on 
the  S.  E. 
25  fine  pleasant  morning  &  so   nothing  uncomo"  has  yet 

turn'd  up  as  some  people  immagin  from  Eclips's. 
27  extreem  hot  &  continued  so  for  5  days 

July  3  P.  m.  Thunder  &c  2  Evenings 

4"'  5  &  6        Cool 

7*^     Extreem  hot  again 

Gen : 

'  The  winter  had  been  bitterly  cold  in  the  South  as  well  as  in  New 
England  ;  the  spring  came  on  but  slowly,  and  the  army  had  suffered 
severely.     Small  as  it  was  in  numbers,  even  necessities  were  not  obtainable. 


73 


177^  Mem"^ 


July  24 


Aug'^  5 


BATTLE    OF    MONMOUTH. 

Gen:  Clinton  with  the  Brittish  army  left  Philad^  the  18 
June  and  march'd  throw  the  Jerseys,  in  order  to  get  to 
New  York,  but  they  were  atack'd  by  Gen'  Washington 
Lee^  &c  on  the  28  Sabbath  and  Washington  &c  Lost 
59  Killed  &  137  Wounded,  total  196.^  The  Britons  as 
follows 

248  Rank  &  file  Killed  &  left  on  the  field 
4  officers  do 
1,255  Wounded  > 'twas  said    the  Britons   drove  off  63 

117  prisoners    )      wagons  of  wounded  men 
1,572  deserted  since  they  left  Philadelphia 


3,196  Total  loss  to  the  Brittons^ 

Rideing  with  my  Wife  in  my  Chaise,  from  my  house  in 
Lit'  Cambridge,  to  Watertown,  a  waggon  with  4  stoute 
Horses  upon  the  full  run  came  suddently  upon  us,  & 
jam'd  my  Horse  back  against  the  Chaise,  broke  one 
shaff  &  [did]  som  other  damage;  but  the  Horses  & 
Waggon  Stopt'd  so  suddently  that  it  apeared  as  a  meri- 
cal,  that  We  nor  our  Horse  was  hurt  but  a  trifel.  Blessed 
be  God  for  preserving  Mercy 

fine  rains  after  a  very  dry  time,  and  things  look  flor- 

ishing 

'  Charles  Lee  was  defeated  at  the  battle  of  Monmouth,  although  he  had 
13,000  troops  against  10,000.  Washington  found  the  army  in  full  retreat 
on  his  arrival.  He  censured  Lee,  and  taking  co;nmand  in  person  rallied 
the  troops  and  defeated  the  British.  Lee  after  this  affair  was  tried  by  court 
martial  and  retired  to  private  life. 

*  The  American  loss  in  the  battle  was  229,  including  8  officers. 

'The  British  loss  was  349,  but  during  Clinton's  march  to  New  York 
after  the  battle,  his  total  losses  from  desertions,  etc.,  have  been  variously 
estimated  at  from  1,500  to  2,oco,  all  told, 


74 

1/78  Aug^'  5  ishing.     Praise  must  be  given  to  the  Father  of  all  our 

mercy's. 
9  Sab"  Excessive  hot  till    i    O'Clock    when    a   Thunder 

shower  came  on,  &  rain'd  plentifully  for  4  houers,  then 
ceased,  &  began  again  &  rained  about  i    in  the  Night 
till  6  in  the  morni=. 
12  Wednesday.     In  the  Evening  came  on  a  terable  storm 

of  Wind  &  Raine  which  continu'd  the  whole  night  & 
next  day,  but  abated  something  P.  m.  &  rose  again  at 
dark  &  blew  hard  all  Night  the  Wind  from  N.  E.  to  E. 
the  whole  time  with  Raine.  this  storm  blew  down 
Trees  and  in  many  fields  the  corn  lay  flat  on  the 
Ground 
26"'       3  O'clock  P.  m.     Extreem  hot,  now  3  Days.  — 

Sept^  13"^      Doc-".  Eliot  died 

Octo\  15  I  moved  from  my  House  in  Cambridge  (that  I  sold  to 
Mr.  James  Foster)  into  my  House  in  Boston,  that  I 
built  20  years  ago. 

Dec''  23  It  came  on  cold  A.  m.  and  continued  increesing.    Wind 

N.W. 

Boston  The  next  morning  very  Cold  &  stil  increesing.     Wind 

stil  N.  W.  with  a  vapor  on  the  Water,  but  little  Ice. 
25  Christmas  Day  Friday,  in  the  morning  at  sunriseing  I 

look'd  down  Boston  Harbor  &  could  see  no  water, 
except  a  few  spots  call'd  windholes.  For  the  vapor 
was  great  and  the  Harbor  as  far  as  I  could  see  skim'd 
over  with  Ice.  I  had  about  a  gil  of  N.  E.  Rum  in  a 
Case  Bottle  cork'd,  that  stood  on  a  shelf  in  the  pantry, 
At  dinner  time  found  it  froze,  but  two  full  Bottles  in 
the  case  was  not  frose.  This  was  the  coldest  Christmas 
that  ever  I  remember,  nor  do  I  remember  that  I  ever 

had 


2\ 


75 

1778  Dec''  25  had  any  Rum   frose  before  in  my  keeping,  having  now 

kept  house  near  47  years,  this  day  was  clear  A.m. 
till  about  noon,  except  very  thick  dark  clouds  in  the 
East,  but  about  one  &  two  O'Clock  it  grew  Cloudy  over 
head,  at  dusk  it  snow'd  a  little  fine  snow. 

26  But  the  next  morning  before  Day  the  Snow  Storm 
Came  on  with  Wind  at  North  and  blew  &  snow'd  very 
hard  all  day,  this  was  as  Cold  a  Storm  as  ever  I 
remember. 

27  Sabbath-day  Extreem  Cold,  very  few  people  at  meeting, 

Snow  about  a  foot  deep,  in  Drifts  much  deeper, 

Still  extreem  Cold  in  the  morning  &  last  night 

29  Cold  abated 

30"'         Thanksgiveng,   appointed   by  Congress  throw  oute  the 
13  States,  this  Day  moderat  weather;   Wind  S.  W.  and 
by  10  O'clock  began  to  thaw 
1779  Janu^  4  Fine  moderat  weather  4  Days  past.     Wind  about  S.  W. 

March  5'"  The  Inhabitants  of  the  Town  of  Boston  Mett  at  10 
O'clock  to  receive  the  Report  of  the  com**^  chosen  on 
the  5">  of  March  last  to  aply  to  a  proper  Gentleman  to 
deliver  an  Oration  on  this  Day  to  perpetuate^  the 
Massacre  perpetrated  on  the  Evening  of  the  5*''  of  March 
1770  (See  the  acc\  in  this  Book  of  s*^  Evening)  The 
Com^*=  Reported  that  they  had  engaged  Col.  Tudor  to 
deliver  an  Oration  on  this  Day  &  Voted  to  adjourn  the 
meeting  to  12  O'Clock  to  meet  at  the  Old  Brick  Meeting 
house  and  chose  a  Com*"'  to  wait  on  s^  Tudor  to  request 
him  to  be  ready  at  the  time  &  place.  Accordingly  the 
Councle,  and  a  great  number  of  all  ranks  of  people  as- 
sembled 

'After  the  massacre  the  5th  of  March  was  observed  until  1783,  when 
the  4th  of  July  replaced  it. 


1^ 


1779  March  5' 


March  18 


19 

20"' 

March  22" 


23' 


sembled,  when  the  oration  was  deliver'd,  which  took 
near  40  minutes :  when  finished  there  was  a  general 
claping  of  hands  to  show  their  Approbation.  This  day 
we  had  a  Snow  Storm  which  continued  the  whole  Day. 
Wind  from  S.  E.  to  E.  Note.  We  had  as  fine  moderate 
weather  all  last  month  as  we  have  Known  in  Febu-'.  for 
many  Years  past.  But  We  have  now  a  distressing  time 
for  want  of  Bread.  Flower  has  rose  in  price  in  a  few 
Weeks  past  from  15  pounds  to  ;^27.ioper  hundred  paper 
money  and  at  this  day  not  a  barrel  to  be  got,  except 
the  Com*^  of  the  town  can  borrow  some  of  the  French 
Concle/  who  is  now  in  this  Town,  a  Gentleman  of  good 
carrecector  for  humanaty  &c. 

Extreem  cold  last  night  &  this  morning  for  the  time  of 
year.     We   have   had  more    Winter  since    this   month 
Came   in,  3   to  one,  than   we  had   all  the  last  month. 
Wind  from  W.  to  N.  W.  3  days. 
Snow'd  all  day,  wind  S.  W. 

Extreem  Cold  this  morning  for  the  time  of  Year.  Wind 
N.  W. 

Last  night  Came  on  a  terable  Cold  N.  E.  snow  Storm 
and  this  morning  ^Monday)  found  it  snowing  &  blow- 
ing very  hard  &  fast  which  continu'd  all  day  &  most  of 
the  night 
A  pleasant  day 

Wednesday 

'  It  will  be  remembered  that  the  alliance  with  France  had  been  arranged 
in  the  spring  of  1778.  The  French  Consul  at  time  of  the  visit  of  the 
French  fleet  in  1778  was  Monsieur  de  I'Etombe.  An  amusing  account  of 
a  dinner  to  the  French  officers,  at  which  the  French  Consul  was  present,  at 
Mr.  Tracy's  house  in  Cambridge,  when  they  were  served  with  a  soup  con- 
taining bull-frogs  in  their  natural  dress,  much  to  the  entertainment  of  the 
guests,  will  be  found  in  the  "  Memorial  History  of  Boston." 


n 

IMPORTANT   NAVAL    VICTORY. 

1/79  March  24'''  Wednesday  aboute  9  O'clock  A.m.  Came  on  another 
bad  N.  E.  snow  Storm  which  lasted  till  6  p.  m.  more 
terable  than  on  Monday  last,  then  abated,  at  9  it  look'd 
as  if  we  should  have  a  fine  day  on  the  morrow,  but 
behold,  on  the  morrow 
25*''  At  7  O'clock  very  Cold,  Wind  at  North  &  Snowing 
very  fast.  So  that  before  9,  with  one  snow  so  soon 
upon  what  fell  yesterday  'tis  suppos'd  upon  a  level  to 
be  15  or  18  Inches  deep.  Now  everything  looks 
dismal.  The  distress  for  Bread  is  great;  for  by  what  I 
hear  many  hundreds  for  some  Days  past  &  at  this 
Day  have  not  a  bit  to  eat.  Indian  meale  has  lately  bin 
sold  at  a  Dollar  a  quart  stric  measure  in  paper  money.^ 
Everything  Extreem  dear. 
April  le^  Arrived  the  Frigate  Warren  John  Hopkins^  Esq""  Com- 
mander, who  in  company  with  the  Continental  ships 
Ranger  &  Queen  of  France  took  the  following  fleet 
bound  from  New  York  to  Georgia,  viz,  Kings  ship  20 
Guns  &  150  men,  ship  Maria,  16  guns,  84  men,  &  a 
privateer  16  guns  45  men,  together  with  3  or  4  Brigs  & 
a  schooner  :  Transports  with  soldiers,  stores  &c  two  Col'' 
&  a  number  of  officers.  This  is  the  greatest  thing  done 
on  the  sea  by  Americans  since  the  War  commenc'd 
18  This  morning  at  sunrising  got  up  &  found  it  extreem 
Cold  for  the  time  of  Year.     Wind  at  W.  &  b  N.  it  blew 

hard 

'  The  Continental  paper  money  had  fallen  at  this  time  to  about  20  to  i 
in  gold. 

'^  Capt.  John  Burroughs  Hopkins,  a  son  of  Admiral  Esek  Hopkins. 
There  were  seven  vessels  captured  in  all,  with  200  men  and  24  officers. 
The  loss  on  the  American    side  was  small. 


78 

779  April  i8  hard  the  r*  part  of  the  Night  and  this  morning  I  found 

the  Ice  in  a  Tub  half  an  Inch  thick  &  took  a  Quarter 
of  a  hun'd  weight  &  put  on  it,  which  it  bore  without 
cracking.  The  tub  stood  close  under  the  house,  oute  of 
the  wind  where  it  was  not  so  cold  as  in  other  places, 
where  it  froze  harder.  —  I  stamp'td  on  the  Ground  in 
my  Garden  that  was  all  sow'd  &  planted  &  many 
seed  up,  but  my  foot  made  no  impression  on  the 
Ground 
19  found   it   had   again    frose  hard.      But   the    Ice   in  the 

same    Tub    that   [contained]   the  Ice   [which]   had  all 
thaw'd  in  the  sun,  was  frose  hard,  but  not  so  much  as 
the  Night  before 
20*"       Still  cold:   Frose  hard   last  Night,  Wind  continu's  at 

West,  P.  m.  came  round  to  East 
21"*       a  fine  warm  day 

a  great  scarcety  for  Bread :  gave  this  morning  four 
paper  DoUors  for  2  small  Brick  Loafs,  that  each  weight 
but  a  pound  &  2  ounces,  which  is  near  60  £  per  hund'^ 
Lawful  money ;   Wood  is  allso  very  scarce  &  dear 

June  10&  II  A  fine  groing  Season.     But  all  the  Nessaierys  of  Life 
Extreem  dear.     Butter  current   at  3    paper  Dollors  a 
pound  Beef  9/  Veal  from  4/6  to  6/  milk  from  3/  to  4/ 
per  quart,  all  shocking 
19         Still  a  fine  groing  Season 

Aug'^   2  Still  a  fine  groing  season  to  Oct  31'' 

Ocf.  27^^  This  Day  P.  m.  was  ordained  (in  Kings  Chapel  so 
called)  the  Rev''  Mr.  Joseph  Eccle^  to  the  pastoral  care 
of  the  Old   South  Church  in  Boston   (the  Old   South 

Meetingh" 

'  Rev.  Joseph  Eckley  was  born  in  London,  England.  He  was  a 
graduate  of  Princeton  College,  New  Jersey,  and  remained  in  charge  of 
the  Old  South  Church  from  this  period  until  his  death  in  l8ii. 


79 

1779  Oct'"  27^'"         Meetingh'    still    remaining  as  when    the    Regulars  left 
it.) 
Nov""  3  P.m.     Was  ordained  over  the  N.  North  Church^  the 

Rev".  John  Eliot  ^  son  of  the  late  worthy  Dr  Andrew 
Eliot  pastor  of  the  s''  N.  North  church  Boston 
22  We  have  had  fine  dry  moderate  Weather  this  fall  but 

alas  extortion  still  prevails,  Butter  is  lately  rose  from  2 
DoP  a  lb.  to  3,  4  &  5  &  milk   from  2/6  to  3  &  for  10 
Days  past  4/  per  Quart,  as  the  late  Regulating  Acts  is  all 
broke  throw 
Dec""  9  Thanksgiven  day.     Butter  got  from  5   to  6  &  7  Dol^  a 

pound  milk  to  a  DoF  a  quart,  Beef  to  10/  the  best  to 
12/  per  pound  &  other   things  in   proportion.     Some 
wreches  ask'd   3   DoP  a  pound  for   pork  and  when  & 
where  things  will  stand  Time  must  determine 
18  About  Daybreak  came  on  A  terable  Snow  Storm  Wind 

E.  &  contin'^  till  P.  m.  4  O'Clock.     Wind  got  to  the 
North  &  began  to  break. 
28"^        A  very  Cold  Season  for  12  Days  past     28"'  P.  m.  Came 
on  a  snow  Storm,  Wind  at  East  and  about  9  O'Clock 
it  blew  exceeding  hard  &  snow'd  fast 
29  Last  night  a  terable  Storm  &  snowing  fast  till  near  12 

the  Wind  Shifting  to  the  Norward 

A 

'  The  New  North  Church  was  first  located  on  the  south  side  of  Hanover 
street,  about  midway  between  Fleet  and  Commercial  streets,  in  17 14. 
The  Church  was  at  first  a  small  building  of  wood,  replaced  by  a  more  sub- 
stantial structure  in  1802.  It  was  from  this  church,  in  1720,  that  the 
minority  of  twenty-four  withdrew  on  the  Rev.  Peter  Thacber  being  installed 
as  minister.  The  twenty-four  seceders  built  the  New  Brick  Church,  and 
later  united  with  the  Second  Church. 

2  Rev.  John  Eliot  was  born  in  Boston  31  May,  1754;  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1772;  received  degree  of  D.D.  from  Edinburgh 
University  in  1797;  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical 
Society;   died  14  February,  1814. 


8o 
1/79  Dec''  30  A  great  snow  fell   last  night  &  this   a.  m.   warmer  & 

foggy 

1780  Janu^' I''  last  evening  the  wind  freshened  up  about  West  &  blew 
fresh  and  this  New  Years  morning  extreem  Cold  Wind 
at  West. 

2^  Sabbath  day  Extreem  cold,  but  allmost  calm  till   7  or  8 

in  the  evening,  when  it  began  to  blow  hard  about  N.  E. 
as  we  suppos'd,  it  being  very  dark  and  by  9  it  blew  a 
near  Hurecan  &  began  to  snow  &  a  terable  storm  con- 
tinued all  night.  In  the  morning  we  found  it  snowing 
very  fast,  a  full  tide,  which  continu'd  till  12,  Then 
began  to  abate,  the  wind  shifting  more  to  the  North  & 
Extreem  Cold. 

4"*  Still  cold  and  now  we  have  3  snows  on  the  ground, 
suppos'd  to  be  on  a  level  3  feet  deep.  In  the  morn- 
ing stil,  clear,  &  extreem  Cold.  At  noon  clear  and 
pleasant 

6"^  In  the  morning  found  it  Snowing  &  very  Cold  &  by 
noon  another  snow  6  Inches.     So  now  4  bodys  of  it. 

7"'  this  morning  another  snow  falling  &  very  cold.  Wind 
from  N.  to  N.  W.  two  or  3  days  past.  Milk  at  a  Dollar 
&  half  a  Quart  &  wine  measur:  Such  is  the  advantage 
taken  of  those  unhappy  Distressing  times,  almost  every- 
thing in  proportion. 

8^''  Clear  &  Extreem  Cold.  On  observation  &  inquiring 
hear  &  think  the  snow  is  4  feet  deep  on  a  level,  and  'tis 
commonly  said  there  has  not  been  so  much  snow  at 
one  time  on  this  part  of  the  Globe  for  20  Years  and 
excepting  a  day  or  two,  it  has  been  ILxtreem  Cold  a 
month  past 

9'^         Still  Cold.     This   Sabbath  just  after  day   light  a   Fire 

broke 


8i 

1780  Janu''  9"'         broke  oute  on   Hancocks  Wharf  ^  &  burnt  down  a  large 

Warehouse  at  the  lower  part  with  many  Ships  Sailes  & 

Riging,  but  did  no  other  damage  it  being  almost  calm, 

several  large  Ships  laying  near. 
10"'         A  little  moderated 
11"'         found  it  snowing  fast,  this  is  the  5*''  Snow  since  the  18"" 

of  last  Month 
12^**         little  moderated  &  plesant 
13*''         Extreem  Cold  again 
20**"         Thursday.     Still  Extreem  Cold.     People  say  as  cold  as 

ever  they  remember 
21  Extreme  Cold  last  night,  the  Shovel-fire  &  Tongs  was 

cold  as  they  stood  in  the  Chimney  Corners 
22''  Cold 

23*^  Sabbath.     Extreme  Cold.     The  Harbor  frose  as  far  as 

we  can  see 
26  Continues  Still  extreem  cold 

28^"         Extreem  Cold.     Wind  W  &  b  S.,  Very   clear  Sky  fair 

Weather  14  Days  past 
29'"         Satter^'.     Yesterday    clear   &  little    wind    till    7  in    the 

Evening  came  on  a  hard  Gale  of  Wind  about  N.  W.  and 

blew  hard  til  near  Day.     At  Sun  Rising  allmost  calm  & 

Extreem  cold  &  clear,  Little  Wind  about  W.  &  as  cold 

as  ever  I  remember 
30'^         a  little  moderated 
31  At  sunrise  extreem  Cold.       Wind  ab'  N.  W.  til   about 

1 1  then  Shifted  to  West 
Febu^.  i^*       Wind  S.  8:  b  West.     Something  moderat 

2         Very   Cold  at  sunrising,  little    Wind,  about  Westerly. 

Yesterday 

*  Hancock's  Wharf  is  now  a  part  of  and  on  the  north  side  of  Lewis' 
Wharf,  though  they  were  formerly  distinct. 


82 

1780  Febu-.  2         Yesterday  &  toDay  the  Harbor  as  far  as  we  could  see 
was  frose  up 
3''       Wind  S.  pleasant  &  warmer 

4  Cold 

5  clear  &  Cold,  a  little  moderated 
6^"      A  fine  pleasant  Day 

7*^  at  daybreak  came  on  a  N.  E.  Snow  Storm  &  by  7 
O'clock  snow'd  very  fast 
15^''  More  Moderat.  P.  M.  Misty:  evening  began  to  Raine 
fast  &  continued  Raining  &  blew  hard  the  former  part 
of  the  Night  &  found  the  snow  in  the  morning,  that  had 
lain  on  the  Gound  4  or  5  weeks  much  shrunk.  This 
raine  Came  Seasonably  for  many  Wells  in  Town  were 
dry,  as  we  have  had  but  little  Raine  for  near  2  months, 
but  a  great  deal  of  Snow. 
Feb^'.  17""       A  fine  warm    day  as    it  has    bin    now    4    or    5    Days 

past 
March    i'*      We  had  prety  good  Weather  the  most  of  last  month. 
12'"      Sabbath  Day  came  on  a  terable  Easterly  snow  Storm 
23''      Very  Cold  this  morning.     Wind  N.  W. 
29"'     Leap  Year,     very  Cold  yesterday.     Wind  at  W  &  blew 
hard  all  Day  &  frose  hard  last  night  &  very  Cold  this 
morning 
Ap'.        3        very  Windy  &  very  Cold  for  several  Days  past  &  frose 
hard  5  nights  going.     Wind  from  W.  to  N.  W. 
17"'     This  morning  found  it  very  Cold  &  Snowing  very  fast. 
Wind  fresh  &  squally  from  N.  to  N.  N.  West  &  dismal 
to  look  abroad,  for  everything  has  within  10  or  12  Days 
rose,  (fresh  Fish  'excepted)  to  a  Shocking  prise.      Pork 
7  DoP,   Beef  from  4  to   5  DoP  a   pound,  Butter  &  hogs 
fat  to  1 1  /  and  so  on 

Bread 


as 

THE   DARK   DAY 

1780  Ap',  17  Bread    is    beyond   all.       Very  corse  dark    flower    part 

Rye  is  at  120  i^  that  is  400  doP  per  hundred 

19  About  7  this  morning  came  on  a  great  N.  E.  Storm  with 

Raine  &  kept  encreesing  till  12,  the  time  of  high  Water 
&  caus'd  a  very  high  Tide,  which  did  much  damage  to 
the  Wharfs 

23  Very  Cold  this  morning  &  evening  and  as  cold  an  April 

as  ever  I  remember.  Scarce  i  warm  Day  since  it 
came  in 

30  Mrs  Marg\  Coohdge,  who  lived  in  my  Family  23  years 

till  lately,  she,  on  her  Daughters  being  marred  to  Mr 
Copp,  removed  from  us  to  her  s''  Daughters :  But  alass 
on  the  Sabbath  of  April  30-1780  she  was  suddenly 
removed  from  us  all.  Being  at  Meeting  boath  parts  of 
the  Day,  as  well  as  her  feeble  Constetution  admitted  of, 
and  just  before  the  last  prayer  ended  P.  m.  She  without 
a  sigh  or  Groan  dropt'd  ded  on  the  Floor  of  my  pew 
where  she  stood  just  by  my  Wife.  The  Congregation 
all  in  a  great  surprise  at  so  Sudden  a  Death.  —  Thus 
suddently  departed  our  good  &  beloved  freind  from  this 
World  of  troble,  to  the  Realms  of  Everlasting  Bliss, 
There  to  receive  the  Rewards  of  a,  wel  don  good  and 
faithfull  servant,  enter  thou  into  the  joy  of  thy  Lord. 
God  grant  that  this  may  be  the  happy  lot  of  all  related 
&  conserned  for  the  dear  departed  above  said.  She 
was  deacently  Bured  in  my  tomb  ^  May  4"'  Thursday 
May  19*''  Friday  just  before  ii  O'Clock  came  on  an  uncommon 
darkness,  so  that  before  12  it  was  so  dark  that  Trades- 


'  This  was  No.  13  in  King's  Ch^ipel  Burying-ground,  at  the  south-east 
corner  of  the  chapel. 


84 

1780  May  19"'  men  &  others  left  off  work,  not  being  able  to  see  what 
they  were  doing,  at  12  numbers  lit  up  Candles  in  their 
Houses,  the  darkness  increased  so  much  that  people 
when  they  dined  could  not  See  to  cut  their  Victuals, 
but  by  the  lights  on  their  Tables,  and  so  it  con- 
tinued till  near  4  when  it  grew  a  little  lighter,  and  by  5 
the  Vapors  &  lower  Clouds  began  to  move  from  the 
S.  W.  to  wards  the  N.  E.  There  was  till  this  move- 
ment a  glin  of  light  in  the  Eastern  &  S.  E"  Hori- 
son,  but  it  was  soon  darkened  as  the  Vapor  &  Clouds 
Settled  over  it,  when  it  look'd,  where  the  glin  was  a 
little  before,  very  dark  &  thick,  in  short  there  was  at 
noon  &  for  3  or  4  hours  some  appearance  of  midnight  at 
noon  Day.  In  the  evening  before  9  O'Clock  it  was  very 
Dark,  by  9  &  at  10  so  extreem  dark,  that  perhaps 
it  never  was  darker  since  the  Children  of  Israel  was 
freed  from  Egiptian  bondage.  Many  people  was  much 
frightened ;  the  moon  was  about  the  full,  so  it  could  not 
be  an  Eclips  of  the  Sun' 
June  6  for  a  month  past  but  little  Raine. 

On  the  8        a  fine  Shower  &  2  evenings  past  do, 
July  but  little  Raine  Thunder  or  Lightning 

Aug'^  24'''      Extreem   hot  2    Days  &  last  Friday  &   Satterday  the 
same 
25         At  6  P.  m.  yesterday  a  fine  Shower  &  a  little  Thunder 
Dry    )  &  Lightg  &  this  morning  a  cool  Easterly  Wind 

Time  )  28         Still  extreem  hot 
Octob*".  The  greatest  part  of  this  month  fine  weather 

27       Friday  A.  great  Eclipse   of  the  Sun   began   about  half 

after 

'  This  dark  day  has  been  attributed  to  burning  forests  at  the  West. 
The  same  effect  has  occurred  in  recent  times. 


85 

1780  Oct'"  27  after  11  O'Clock,  middle  about  one,  Quantity  1 1  digits 

odd  &c. 
Octob'"  25"'  (Wednesday)  General  Election,  agreeable  to  the  New 
Constitution  of  this  State.  The  Day  was  ushered  in  by 
the  ringing  of  all  the  Bells,  firing  of  Cannon  &c  &c. 
The  Members  Chosen  by  the  several  Towns  came  to  the 
State  House ;  Subscribed  the  Declarations,  Oaths  &c 
&c.  Then  a  com'*^  examined  the  Returns  of  the  several 
Towns  in  the  State  for  a  Governor  when  it  was  found 
by  A  great  Majority  that  his  Excelency  John  Han- 
cock Esq""  was  elected  Governor  and  the  Honora'^ 
James  Bowdoin  L*  Governor  &  one  of  the  Senators 
(but  did  not  accept  of  either).  After  all  the  seri- 
moneys  (which  brought  it  to  3  O'Clock  P.m)  was 
gone  throw,  the  governor  &  boath  houses  went  to 
the  Old  Brick  Meeting  House  ^  where  an  Excelent 
Discourse  was  delivered  by  the  Rev"'  Dr.  Cooper  ^ 
from  Jeremiah  30*"  part  of  20"'  &  21^'  verses  :   And  their 

Congregation 

'  The  building  referred  to,  also  called  the  First  Church,  was  built  in  1712 
to  replace  the  wooden  church  on  the  same  site,  burned  in  171 1.  It  stood 
until  1808  on  Cornhill,  now  Washington  street,  next  south  of  Sears  Build- 
ing. The  first  location  of  this  church  was  opposite  the  east  end  of  the 
Town  House,  or  Old  State  House,  on  King  street,  now  State  street,  on  the 
south  side.  It  was  moved  from  there  in  1640.  In  1808  the  society  moved 
to  the  corner  of  Summer  and  Chauncy  streets,  where  they  remained  until 
1868,  and  then  moved  to  the  corner  of  Marlboro'  and  Berkeley  streets. 

^  Samuel  Cooper,  brother  of  William  Cooper  and  son  of  Rev.  William 
Cooper,  was  born  in  Boston,  28  March,  1725,  graduated  at  Harvard  Col- 
lege, 1743;  chosen  assistant  pastor  of  Brattle-street  Church,  with  Dr.  Col- 
man,  31  December,  1744;  ordained  21  May,  1746;  A.  M.  Yale,  1750;  S. 
T.  D.  Edinburgh,  1767;  elected  president  of  Harvard  College,  10  February, 
1 774,  but  declined ;  chaplain  to  the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts,  1 758-70 
and  1777-83.  Founder  of  American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  and 
first  vice-president,  1780-3;  died  29  December,  1783. 


86 

1780  Octob'"  2  5^*'  Congregation  shall  be  established  and  their  Nobles 
shall  be  of  themselves  and  their  Governor  shall  proceed 
out  of  the  midst  of  them.  After  which  they  went  to 
Faneuil  Hall,  amidst  a  very  larg  Concourse  of  people, 
where  a  grand  Entertainment  was  provided  &  13  Toasts 
were  drank.  John  Avery ^  Esq'".  Jn'".  was  chose  Secre- 
tary. Deacon  Caleb  Davis  ^  Esq"".  Speaker  (one  of  the 
members  for  Boston)  An'^  Henshaw^  Esq"",  clerk.  The 
number  of  Counsellors  was  40,  and  Representatives 
from  all  the  County's  1 1  in  Number  was  to  the  amount 
of  224.  Viz'  For  Suffolk  29  (Bos"  sent  7)  Essex  31. 
Middlesex  32.  Hampshire  34  Ply  mo''  13.  Barnstable  8, 
Bristol  14.  York  9  Worcester  33  Cumberland  4  Berk- 
shire 17.     In  all  as  above  224 

Nov"".  Sett  in  the  first  day  with  a  Violent  Snow  Storm,  a  high 

Tide  &   did   much   Damage   to    the    Wharves  &c    and 
several  Vessels  as  we  heard  afterwards  was  cast  away. 
17**^       Another   Storm  Raine.     Wind  at  N.  E.  as   it  was  the 
last  Storm 

Dec''.  31''  With  the  Year  I  Resign'd  my  Office  as  a  Treasurer  in, 
or  to  the  2'^  Church*  in  Boston.  This  office  as  well  as 
the  Deacon's   I  held  for  many  Years,  in  the  time   of 

Mess. 

'  John  Avery  died  in  1806,  was  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1759, 
the  son  of  John  Avery,  a  Boston  merchant.  He  survived  his  father  only 
ten  years. 

*  Caleb  Davis  was  born  in  Boston  in  1 747,  was  Selectman  and  Overseer 
of  the  Poor  for  several  years;  was  several  times  Representative  and  Speaker; 
was  Deacon  in  Hollis-street  Church;  died  in  1797. 

'  Andrew  Henshaw  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1768,  and  died  in 
1782. 

"Called  the  North  Church,  also  the  Church  of  the  Mathers  and  the  Old 
North  Church.  It  was  located  at  North  Square,  and  first  regularly  occupied 
in  1650. 


87 

1780  Dec'".  31'^  Mess.  Welsted  &  Gray's  Ministry,  till  their  Death  and 
in  Dr  Pemberton's  time.  And  when  the  two  Churches, 
the  Old  North  &  New  Brick  United  into  one,^  under  the 
pastoral  care  of  Mr.  Lathrop,  the  Church  &  Congregation 
Unanimously  chose  me  Treasurer  again.  In  which  Office 
I  served  to  this  Day.  But  as  Old  Age  came  on  (being 
in  my  72''  Year)  &  being  in  Ch'"  servise  near  42  Years, 
I  finaly  Resigned,  on  the  3*^  Meeting  on  the  affair,  when 
the  Society  still  requested  me  to  keep  the  money  & 
Books.  I  thanked  them  all  for  the  Respect  they  had 
shewn  me  for  so  many  Years,  &  finding  me  determined 
to  quit,  They  Unanimously  Voted  me  their  Thanks  for 
my  faithful  services  (as  they  called  them)  for  so  many 
Years.  Deacon  Greenough  Accepted  of  the  Treasu- 
rer Ship  till  next  May. 
1 78 1  We  have  had  a  favorable  Winter  &  but  little  Snow.    But 

Febu^  S""       this   Day  Friday   the  9"'  in  the  morning  We  found   it 
extreem  Cold  with  a  Vapor  on  the   Harbor.     The  first 
we   have   seen    this  Winter.     Wind   fresh    from  W.  to 
N.  W.  &  very  Cold  all  Day 
Satterday  10"'  In  the  morning  We  found  it  Snowing  Very  fast  &  fine. 
Wind  about  N.  N.  E.  &  very  Cold  &  a  high  Tide.     The 
Docks  full  of  Ice  drove  in  by   the  storm :    the  Snow 
continued  falling  very  fast  till  sun  down,  then  seas'd. 
11'"  Sunday.      A  fine  Day  but   bad  traviling.      The  Snow 
fell  12  Inches  upon  an  everage.     Some  say  18 
Monday  12^^  In  the  morning  found  it  extreem  Cold,  but  clear.     Wind 
about  W.  &  b  S.  but  almost  calm.     The  Harbor  skim'd 
over  with  Ice  as  far  as  we  could  see. 

Moderate 

'  The  Old  North  Church,  being  of  wood,  had  been  used  for  fuel  by  the 
British  troops  during  the  siege  in  the  winter  of  1775-6. 


88 

1 78 1  Febu-  13         Moderate  &  good  sleding 

14"'       A  fine  warm  day.     Wind  S.  S.  W,  and  no  want  of  the 
nesacarys  of  Life,  but  our  own  produce  stil  dear 

March  7"'  This  morning  We  found  it  blowing  hard  at  N.  E.  Which 
increased  to  a  Storm  &  before  12  it  Snowed  fast  &  very 
raw  Cold 
8"'  In  the  morning  We  found  it  Snowing  &  still  Cold  & 
suppose  it  Snow'd  all  night  for  it  was  12  Inches  deep 
on  a  level.  But  by  12  O'Clock  it  began  to  clear  away 
&  the  wind  got  to  the  Northward  &  by  3  to  N.  West 
and  the  sun  shining  made  it  plesent  after  the  Storm. 

March  30  Friday,  being  at  a  Town  Meeting  where  I  was  Modera'" 
we  was  broke  up  by  the  Cry  of  Fire  &c,  when  we  soon 
found  a  large  House,  quite  down  to  the  Northend  of 
Boston  all  in  flames  and  the  Wind  at  N.  E.  blowing  very 
high  &  a  number  of  Wooden  Houses  &  barns  being 
near  &  to  Leavard  &  the  Flakes  of  fire  blowing  to  a  dis- 
tance &  lighting  on  many  houses  which  ketch'd  on  fire 
made  the  prospect  before  us  Dredfull.  The  house  was 
all  consumed  in  2  howers  and  the  Town  preserved  by 
the  Goodness  of  God  in  a  wonderful  manner.  Many 
people  did  not  run  to  the  fire  as  formerly,  but  kept 
wetting  their  houses  to  leavard. 

April  2  a  cold  Storm  of  Snow  &  Raine,   Wind  at  N.  E.     The 

latter  part  of  March  was  very  cold  &  Stormey 

13  Sill  very  raw  Cold.      This  morning  it  began  to  Snow  by 
y2  after  7.  very  thick  till  after  9  a.  m. 

14  a  fine  clear  morning  but  very  Cold  at  Sunrising  &  frose 
hard  last  night. 

May  3'^  Fast  Day  Throw  the  13  States.     We  have  had  a  Cold 

backward  Spring  :  but  2  or  3  Days  past  something  warm''. 

Tuesday 


THE   BRITISH    SURRENDER   AT   YORKTOWN. 

1781  May  8  Tuesday  came  on  a  N.  E.  Storm  with  Raine 

9^''  Storm  Continues  &  last  night  it  blew  a  very  great  Storm 

&  a  high  Tide,  (being  just  after  the  full  Moon)  which 

did  much    Damage   to   the  Wharfs.     A   great  deale  of 

Raine  fel  in  2  Days  &  nights  &  very  cold  for  the  Season 

1 1^''  A  fine  clear  morning  &  a  white  frost 

June  &  July  A  fine  groing  Season.  Every  nesacary  plenty,  but  very 
dear  as  the  paper  money  Depreciated,  Till  at  last  the 
old  paper  Emision,  so  called,  by  the  middle  of  May 
[had]  sunk  so,  as  that  it  did  not  pass,  which  threw  the 
Trade  into  confution. 

Aug"'  6*''  4  O'clock  P.  m.  Extreem  hot  since  8  or  9  this  a.  m. 
Just  came  oute  of  my  Garden,  where  stood  a  Vinegar 
Cask,  with  a  Quart  Bottle  as  usual  in  the  Bunghole.  I 
took  the  Bottle  in  my  hand  &  felt  it  so  hot  with  the 
Suns  Shining  on  it  that  I  could  not  hold  it  i^  of  a 
minute. 
8'*^        This  is  the  3*'  Day  of  Extreem  heat. 

Ocf  Good  Weather  &  every  Nesacary,  plenty  except  hard 

Cash,  for  the  paper  Curency  stop'd  about  the  i*'  to  10"' 
Julyi 

Ocf  26  This  morning  A  hand  Bill  as  follows. 

Cap'  Lovett  from  York-River  (Virginia)  Chesapeake  Bay 
brought  us  the  Glorious  News  of  the  surrender  of  lord 
Cornwallis  &  his  Army,  prisoners  of  War  to  the  Allied 
Army-    under   the   Command   of  our   Illustrious    Gen' 

Washington 

'  Although  not  generally  current  after  the  middle  of  May,  some  persons 
appear  to  have  accepted  the  paper  money  for  two  months  longer. 

'  The  allied  army  contained  about  7,000  French  and  9,000  Continental 
troops  and  militia. 


90 

1 78 1  Oct'  26  Washington    &   the  French   Fleet  Commanded   by   his 

Excelency  the  Count  de  Grasse.  A  Cessation  of  Arms 
took  place  the  18"'  Octo'.^  and  the  19"'  the  Allied  Army 
took  possession  of  York-Town.  By  this  Glorious  Con- 
quest 9000  of  the  Enemy,"^  including  Seamen  &c  fell 
into  our  hands  with  an  emence  quantity  of  Warlike 
Stores,  Viz*  Brass  cannon  &c  95  Iron  do.  Svvavels  &c  169 
from  I  pound  to  24  pounders :  Shot  &c  &c  in  propor- 
tion:  Regimential  Standards,  German,  32,  British  41, 
Total  -j^. 
Octo''.  Fire  Arms  5,743   Muskets  with  Bayenots,  915  without 

bayenots  1136  d"  damaged,  Carbines  pistoles  &c  &c  &c 
a  vast  number,  wagons.  Horses  &c  &c.  Provisions  276 
Bar'.  Flour  520  bags  Bread  96  bbs  Beef  365  bbs  Pork 
361  firkins  Butter,  58  Cask  Oatmeal  596  bbs  Peas, 
quantity  2,985  bushels,  13  Casks  liquers,  26  Bags  Coffee, 
20  Bags  cocoa,  50  bags  Salt,  3  hog*  Sugar,  3  Casks 
Vinegar,  3  Jars  Oil,  29  Barrels  rice,  i  cask  Reasons. 
A  List  of  Vessels  taken,  or  destroyed  at  s''  York :  the 
Charon  44  guns,  Guardalop  28  Foway  24,  Bonetta  14, 
Vulcan  a  fire  Ship,  a  privateer  of  20  Guns.  2  Duch 
prises;  near  a  100  Transports  &  other  Vessels.  The 
naval  prisoners  Exclusive  of  those  belonging  to  the 
private  Transports  and  other  Vessels  are  840,  perhaps 
as  many  more  not  mentioned.  A  marvilous  Affair  in 
the  course  of  Providence.     In  Octo''  a  great  number  of 

Young 

'  The  armistice  was  on  the  17th  October.  After  forty-eight  hours 
of  negotiations,  the  troops  marched  out  of  Yorktown  and  laid  down  their 
arms. 

*  There  were  7,073  prisoners  taken,  besides  losses  before  the  surrender 
amounting  to  586  on  the  British  side. 


1 78 1  Octo'  Young  Children  died,  but  about  the  midle  of  Nov'  the 

distemper  abated. 
Dec""  13"'        A  general  Thanksgiving  throu'  the  13  Provinces,  every 
necessary  plenty  and  provision  cheeper  that  it  has  been 
for  3  Years  past. 
1 5^*"       Fine  Weather  &  good  sleding  3  Days  past 

1782  Jan^'    12  We  have  had  prety  good  weather  till  last  Evening  came 

on  a  Snow  Storm  &  this  morning  it  blew  hard  &  very 
Cold.  Snow'd  fast,  Wind  from  N.  E.  to  E.  A.  m.,  P.  m 
Wind  vear'd  more  N. 

13  Sunday  morning  cold.  Snow  10  or  12  Inches  deep  very 
few  people  at  meeting 

14  Plesent 

15  In  the  morning  very  Cold  with  a  large  Vapor  on  the 
Harbor.     The  first  we  have  seen  this  Winter. 

16  This  morning  extreem  Cold.  The  Harbor  froze  over 
as  far  as  we  could  see  by  noon,  &  P.  m.  clear  &  mod- 
erate 

17  This  morning  again  extreem  Cold.  Wind  W.  &  b  S. 
The  harbor  as  yesterday  morning  skim'd  over  with  Ice, 
which  yesterday  P.  m.  the  Ebb  Tide  carred  off 

18  &  19         A  Thaw 
2 1  Grew  Cold 

22''  In  the  morning  extreem  Cold.  Wind  W.  &  b  N.  A 
large  Vapor  on  the  Water 
23  &  24*''  In  the  morning  We  found  it  snowing  fast  &  very  Cold. 
Wind  N.  E.  blew  fresh  &  suppos'd  it  [continued]  all 
night  for  we  found  it  Snowing  in  the  morning  &  very 
Cold.  Wind  at  N.  till  about  noon  [when]  the  wind 
vear'd  to  the  West,  cleared  up  &  we  had  a  fine  P.  m. 
Snow    12   Inches  deep  on  the  last  snow 

This 


92 


1/82  Janu''  2i 


29 
Febu>'.  i^ 


Monday  11*' 
12 

13 


22  &  23^' 
24"' 
25 

April  26 


May  2^ 
June  22 


This   morning   Snowing  as  large  flakes  as  I  ever  Saw. 
Suppose  it  Snowed  most  of  the  Night,  as  it  was  at  9 
A.  M.  8  Inches  deep  on  the  Old  snow. 
Extreem  Cold.     Wind  W  &  be  N 
do  but  little  wind  at  VV  &  be  S. 

This  is  the  4*''  Day  of  extreem  Cold  &  this  morning 
till  10  O'clock  I  don't  remember  ever  to  have  felt  it 
Colder:  About  12  it  began  to  moderate  &  Calm, 
for  4  or  5  Days  past  prety  moderat,  til  1 1  this  Day.  the 
Wind  Came  on  fresh  at  N.  W.  &  Continu'd  very  Cold  at 
sundown  and  all  night  till  Sunday  Noon,  when  wind  got 
to  S.W.  & 
a.  fine  Day 

about  8  last  evening  came  on  a  Gale  at  W.  grew  Cold  & 
this  morning  found  it  extreem  Cold  Wind  West 
fine  moderat  Day  til  sundown.     Wind  came  on  fresh  & 
Cold 

Extreem  Cold  in  the  morning 
fine  &  pleasent 

Extreem  Cold.  A  Vapor  on  the  Water  in  the  morning 
Clear  &  extreem  Cold.  The  Harbor  skimmed  over  3 
mornings  with  ice 

for  10  Days  past  we  have  had  very  raw,  cold  uncomfort- 
able Weather.  The  Wind  from  N  &  b  E.  to  N.  E. 
without  vearing  3  points  for  10  or  12  Days  and  an 
abondance  of  Raine 

fine  Weather.  S.  W.  Wind.  Grass  thick  &  growing 
finely,  but  the 

again  Cold  &  raw.     Wind  at  N.  E,  &  more  Raine 
Extreem  hot  Weather  for  3    Days,    but   this   evening 
some  black  Clouds  came  over  with  Thunder  &  Light- 
ning 


93 

THE    MARRIAGE   JUBILEE. 

1782  June  22  ning  &  a    smart  Shower  but  still  continued  very  hot. 

But  Sabbath  morning 

23*^  found  the  ear  much  colder  &  but  little  Wind  at  east: 
but  at  noon  the  Wind  came  again  to  the  South  &  was 
soon  extreem  hot;  But  about  the  Middle  of  Sermon 
P.  m.  som  black  Clouds  came  up  from  the  West,  and 
on  a  Sudden  there  came  a  terable  gust  of  Wind,  that 
made  the  People,  Doors  &  Windows  Tremble :  and 
in  about  half  an  hower  a  smart  Shower  &  some  Thunder : 
and  at  times  fine  Showers  till  near  sundown,  When  the 
Sun  broke  oute  before  it  sett  &  for  a  Quarter  of  an 
hower  as  fine  &  large  A  Rainbow  as  I  ever  Saw  apear'd 
and  all  nature  appear'd  most  Charming,  with  a  S.  W. 
Breaze. 

24  a  fine  Clear  Day.     Wind  at  West 

June  26  A  fine  Day  and  this  Day  I  have  ben  marred  just  fifty 

Years  to  the   beloved  Wife  of  my  Youth  with  whome 
throw  the  goodness  of  God  to  us  Sc  ours,  We  have  lived 
the  whole  Time  very  comfortably  &  at  this  Day  are  So, 
Jubilee  We  have  in  our  youth  full  Days  had  Six  Children  3 

Sons  &  3  Daughters,  but  our  two  Eldest  Sons  Died  at 
Sea,  John  our  first  born  in  his  23*^  Year  &  James  in  his 
17**".  We  have  had  12  Grandsons  &  4  Granddaughters, 
but  we  have  lost  by  Death  6  Grandsons  2  of  them  Men 
grown  viz*.  Tomey  Stanly  &  Cap*  Will'"  Thompson ; 
Granddaughters  all  living  Except  one.  As  this  day 
compleated  the  fifty  years  of  our  marrage  (and  in  all 
that  Time  We  have  never  ben  absent  5  Weeks  at  one 
Time  from  Each  Other.     We  kept  a  Day  of  jublee  and 

made 


94 

1782  June  26  made  an  Entertainment  for  our  Children  &  their  Chil- 

Jubilee  dren  (all  that  was  Living).     And  a  Lovely  sight  &  Day 

we  had  of  it,  to  see  so  many  of  a  family  to  gather  on 
such  an  acation.  Blessed  be  God  for  it.  If  our  first 
born  John  had  ben  living  he  would  have  bin  in  his  50'^' 
year.  Our  oldest  Daughter  Mary  present  in  her  48*^ 
year. 
August  8  An  extreme  Dry  time  very  little  Raine  for  5  Weeks  last 
past  This  day  was  Lanch'd  at  Clark's  Yard^  the 
French  Packet  Brig  called  the  Dragon,  built  for  the 
King  of  France.  She  is  to  mount  18  carrage  Guns: 
from  the  Day  her  Keel  was  laid  till  Lanch'd  was  but  5 
Weeks  &  3  Days.  This  was  the  i^'  vessell  ever  Lanch'd 
in  Boston  under  French  collors,  with  a  Number  of  Green 
Bows  round  the  Quarters  &c  according  to  the  French 
mode.  A  great  Number  of  Spectators,  a  fine  Lanch 
&c  &c. 
Aug'^  9  Extreem  hot  &  dry,  but  just  before  4  O'Clock  P.  m 
came  up  a  Cool  East  Wind  this  morning  soon  after 
Sunrising  we  had  the  Larm  Guns  fired  and  by  4  P.  m. 
I  saw  10  large  French  ships  in  Sight.  Som  came  to 
anchor  in  Nantasket  road.  Some  in  King  road.  2 
Came  up  near  the  Town 
14*^'  One  of  the  74  Gun  Ships  came  to  saile  &  by  some  bad 
manigement  got  on  Lovell's  Island  Point  just  after  high 
Water,  where  she  was  lost,  but  the  People,  Stores  &c 
was  saved. 
19*'^  This  morning  came  on  a  fine  Raine  after  an  extreem 
dry  time 

Still 
'  Clark's  Ship-yard  was  at  the  foot  of  Clark  Street  at  the  North  End. 


95 

1782  Sepf.  8  Still  very  dry  &  two  Days   in  this  Week  viz'.  5'"  &   7"" 

Extreem  hot.     Wind  S.  S.  W. 

Septcni'"  11"' A.  m.  Still  hot  &  Dry;  but  before  10  came  on  a  fine 
Shower  of  Raine  for  aboute  4  howers,  this  changed  the 
are  &  the  1 2**"  Wind  about  West  &  cool 
The  Summer  just  past  has  bin  the  dryest  for  20  Years 
past  viz*.  1762  when  there  was  two  dry  summers  follow- 
ing. But  this  Drouh  is  chcefly  in  &  to  the  Westward  of 
Boston  for  50  miles,  but  to  the  Eastward  &  in  the 
Southern  States  we  hear  that  they  have  had  a  fine 
Season. 
25*''  Continues  extreem  dry  (tho'  yesterday  P.  m.  we  had  a 
Shower  of  half  a  ower).  This  Day  my  Well  was  Dry, 
the  i'''^  time  since  I  dug  it,  20  Years  ago  this  Month. 

Octo'.      I       Stil  Extreem  Dry  Weather  til  this  morning,  came  on  a 
stidy  Rain  for  4  or  5  howers 
30  &  3 1       A  plenty  of  Raine 

Nov'".  2'\  Clear  &  Cold,  this  is  the  first  morning  we  have  seen  any 
Ice  this  fall 
On  Sunday  Nov''.  10  A.  m.  I  went  to  the  Chappie^  in  Boston  to  hear  Mr. 
Freeman^  Read  prayers  &  preach.  His  Tex  was  Search 
the  Scriptures.  The  Old  South  people  met  with  the 
Church  people.  In  the  forenoon  the  Ch''  of  England 
Service  was  carred  on  &  P.  m.  the  Congregation'  way 
and  boath  Worship''  togather  with  the  Ministers,  tho' 
Mr  Freeman  was  not  Ordain'd,  as  he  could  not  go  to 
England  in  those  unhappy  times  of  War  with  England. 
And  the  Reason  of  the  2  Congregations  meeting  in  this 
way  was,  that  when  the  British  troops  had  possession 

of 

'  King's  Chapel,  corner  of  School  and  Tremont  .Streets. 
^  Dr.  James  Freeman. 


96 

THE  FRENCH  TROOPS  EMBARK  AT  BOSTON. 

782  Nov''.  10  of  the  Town,  they  cruely  tore  down  all  the  inside  of  the 

Old  South  Meeting  house  to  exercise  their  Horses  in, 
So  that  when  the  people  that  where  forss'd  oute  of 
Town  return'd  they  was  oblig'd  to  borrow  the  Chappie 
to  meet  in.  The  Chappie  people  then  went  to  Trinity 
Church^  as  Doc"".  Canner '  their  Minister  went  off 
with  the  British  troops,  when  they  where  destitute  of  a 
preacher  for  some  years,  as  the  War  continued  between 
England  &  America.  But  about  this  time  the  Chappie 
people  and  said  Freeman  Agreed  and  with  the  Old 
South  people  met&  Worshipt'd  as  aforesaid,  and  to  me 
it  was  Agreeable  to  see  former  Bigatree  so  far  gon  & 
going  off,  and  God  grant  that  for  Time  to  come 
boath  Churchmen  &  Desenters  may  live  in  peace  & 
Love 
Dec^  6  about  5  O'Clock  this   morning  We  saw  a  Ship  of  300 

Tons,  just  off  the  end  of  long  Wharf,  on  fire  &  by  6 
was  all  in  a  blaze,  the  Wind  at  West  &  fresh,  she  was 
soon  consum'd  with  her  cargo  of  masts  spares  &c. 
This  week  arived  in  Boston  from  Providence  R.  IsF  the 
French  Troops,  som  say  3,  som  4  or  5  thousd  in  order 
to  Imbark  for  the  West  Ind^,  on  board  the  French  fleet 
now  in  the  Harbor  &  in  Nantasket  Road. 
10         Jemmy  Thompson  came  to  live  with  us  for  som  time  in 

order 

'  Trinity  Church  was  first  opened  for  services  in  the  old  wooden  church, 
in  1735,  on  the  corner  of  Hawley  and  Summer  streets.  In  1823  the 
granite  church  was  built  on  the  same  site,  and  destroyed  in  the  great  fire  of 
1872.     Rev.  Addington  Davenport  was  the  first  rector. 

*  Dr.  Henry  Caner  carried  off  with  him  2,800  oz.  of  silver  service,  and 
all  the  records  and  vestments  of  the  church,  which  were  never  recovered. 


97 

1782  Dec''.  10  order  to  go  to  School   in  Boston  &  on  the  ii  Inst   went 

to  Mr. School  in  State  Street. 

1 1  We   have  had    moderat  Weather  all  this   fall  &  Winter 

except  a  Day  or  2  &  Snow  is  Kept  off  in  &  near  Bos- 
ton, provision  plenty  but  dear,  partly  owing  to  a 
Number  of  Troops  &  Strangers  in  &  about  Town 

24  French  fleet  Sailed  about  i  O'Clock  from  Nantasket 
Boston  Harbour  &c  with  a  number  of  Troops  on  Board. 

25  This  morning  about  2  O'Clock  a  fire  broke  out  at  the 
North  Mills  '  in  Boston,  which  entirely  consumed  them 
with  a  Number  of  Stores  &  Stables  near,  a  1,000  bush- 
els of  Grain,  Cocoa,  Chocolate  &c  &c  where  burnt,  with 
all  the  Cocolate  Works  ;  allso  horses  &  hogs.  The  fire 
made  a  terable  blaze,  but  as  the  Wind  was  light,  about 
Northerly,  carried  the  Flames  &  Sparks  over  the  pond,^ 
the  Safety  of  the  Town  under  providence  was  preserved. 

31  Yesterday    P.  m.    &  last   Night  came  on    an  Easterly 

Storm  of  Snow,  &  Raine  in  the  evening,  but  this  morn- 
ing a  pleasant  Wind  West 

1783  Janu^  f^        this  Evening  it  blew  fresh  at  West  &  grew  Cold 

8'"  In  the  morning  We  found  it  clear  &  Cold 
9">  Cloudy  &  Extreem  Cold  the  Harbor  skimm'd  Over 
with  Ice  as  far  as  we  could  See 
Jan-^  10"'  Friday  morning.  See  it  Snowing  Small  snow  &  very 
fast  that  continued  all  Day.  Satterday  morning  Still 
Snowing  but  not  so  much  as  yesterday,  &  suppos'd  it 
snow'd  all  Night  as  the  snow  was  18  Inches  deep  &  stil 

Cold, 

'  These  mills  stood  near  Endicott  Court  at  the  North  End  of  Endicott 
Street,  a  little  south-west  of  the  Gas  Works. 

'  The  Mill  Cove  then  occupied  all  the  land  now  traversed  by  North 
Margin  Street  on  the  east,  Haymarket  Square  and  South  Margin  Street  on 
the  west,  and  portions  of  the  streets  crossing  these. 


98 


783  Jan'.  10'''        Cold,  the  sun  broke  out  by  11   but  Clouded  up  again 
by  one 
15         again  Extreem  Cold 

17,  18  &  19  Warm,  a  Janu^  Thaw 

last  Sabath  12"^  Our  Ch"  began  to  Sing  P.  m.  Doc/ 
Watts's  Hymns  ^  as  per  a  Vote  of  the  Church  :  We  had  a 
Subscrip".  for  a  N''  of  Books  that  we  gave  to  the  poor 
which  was  put  into  Col.  Proctors  ^  &  my  hands  to 
distribute 

Febu^.  I         Extreem  Cold  yesterday  &  last  Night  &  this  morning 

3  Yesterday  Sunday  Sz:  Candlem^  Day.    Extreem  Cold,  & 

this  morning  stil  extreem  Cold  &  the  Harbor  cover'd 
with  Ice,  Wind  stil  West  &  clear  Weather. 

Satterday       We  had  a  very  hard  Storm  Wind  about  South  all  Day, 

March  i'*  from  10  to  3  in  the  afternoon  it  blew  Extreem  hard, 
but  moderated  before  Night. 

Monday  3''  prety  Cold :  &  about  Sundown  thear  apeared  in  the 
Clouds  an  uncommon  Redness  boath  in  the  S.  W.  & 
N.  E.  for  15  or  18  minutes,  So  firy  that  many  people 
was  surpris'd  but  nothing  uncommon  the  Night  or 
Morning  following. 

10  Monday  Yesterday  P.  m.  in  Sermon  time  a  very  dark  Cloud 
came  over  Attended  with  a  heave  Gale  of  Wind  about 
West,  grew  Cold,  the  Wind  Continu'd  blowing  very 
hard  all  Night :  in  the  Morning  found  it  extreem  Cold 
for  the  time  of  year,  it  frose  hard  (in  the  shade)  all 
Day 
ijth    \Ye  found  it  extreem  Cold  in   the  morning  &  a  great 

deal 

'  Deacon  Tudor  had  given  $500  to  encourage  gO(3d  singing  in  the 
Second  Church. 

*  Colonel  Edward  Proctor,  a  Boston  merchant,  one  of  the  committee 
appointed  to  regulate  prices  in  Continental  money. 


99 

PEACE    PROCLAIMED. 

1783  March  11'"     deal  of  Ice  made  last  night,  but  the  Wind  abated  and 
more  to  the  Southward,  but  continues  Cold. 
22       A.  M.  fine  Weather,  but  P.  m.  came  on  very  raw  Cold 
23''      Sunday  morning  found  it  snowing  fast  &  by  8  O'Clock 
the  Snow  was  9  Inches  deep,  but  it  Clear'd  away  by  1 1 
&  prety  moderate. 
April  1 1">       we  have  had  a  Dry  time  for  3  Weeks  past 

12  a  considerable  Raine  Wind  E. 

13  Clear  &  very  Cold  for  the  Season  frose  hard  last  Night 

18  very  warm  yesterday  &  this  Day  for  the  Season 

19  In  the  morning  the  Wind  sprung  up  at  West  &  coninu'd 
riseing  &  by  1 1  O'Clock  it  was  very  Cold  for  the 
season 

Ap^  23*^  At  Noon  a  Cessation  of  Arms  '  against  Great  Britton 

Peace  was  declar'd  from  the  Balcony  of  the  Townhouse. 

May  r'  We  have  had  as  dry  an  Ap'.  as  ever  I  remember,  but 

yesterday  P.   m.  We   had    a   small  Shower  &  do,  at  9 

in  the  Evening 
June  r*  Yesterday  &  this  Day  (Sabbath)  very  cold  for  the  time 

of  Year.     Wind    from  N.  E.  to  E 

The  later  part  of  June  &  the  begining  of  July  as  fine  a 

growing  Season  as  ever  was  known 
July  4'"  (Friday)   The  Anniversary   of  our    Independance   was 

observed    in   Boston.     The   Court   at    1 1    O'Clock  was 

escorted   by  the   Train   of  Artillery  to    Doc'.  Coopers 

Meeting,  when  Doc''  Cooper  made  an  elegant  address 

to 

'  The  first  treaty,  where  the  British  Government  acknowledged  the 
independence  of  the  United  States,  had  been  signed  on  the  30th  November, 
1 782,  when  hostilities  ceased.  The  final  treaty  of  peace  was  not  signed 
until  3d  September,  1783. 


lOO 

1783  July  4'"  to  the   Assembly  and  a  well  adapted  prayer,  then  an 

Anthem  [was]  Sung  and  the  Solemnity  concluded  by 
an  Oration  delivered  by  Dr  John  Warren  ^  at  the  request 
of  the  Town. 
24  AUmost  every  thing  plenty  and  a  fine  groing  Season 

Extreem  hot,  Wind  about  S.  W.    A  plenty  of  provision 

Aug'^  24         Sabbath,  extreem  hot  yesterday  &  toDay.     Wind  S.  W. 

Sept^  A  plenty  of  Raine  and  all  the  Nessacarys  of  life. 

Octo"".  Ditto 

Novem'.  i''  Last  Night  about  11  O'Clock  came  on  a  good  deal  of 
hard  Thunder  &  sharp  Lightning  and  all  the  Week  past 
verry  Raw  Cold  Weather  with  a  greate  deal  of  Raine 
til  this  afternoon  the  weather  broke  with  the  first  Quarter 
of  the  Moon :  for  6  Weeks  past  we  have  had  as  much 
Raine  as  ever  I  remember  in  sutch  a  space  of  time. 

Monday         Died  Doc''.  Sam*.  Cooper  in  the  59  Year  of  his  age  & 

Dec^  29  [40th  year]  of  his  minestry,  his  Corps  was  caried  into 

1784  Jan  2^  the  Church,  where  a  Sermon  was  Deliver'd  by  the  Rev''. 

Mr  Clark  ^  to  a  great  concourse  of  people 
April  17         A  very  Cold  Day.     Wind  at  N.  W.  &  be  W.  &  Snowed 

all  Day.     We   have  had   the  longest  &  Coldest  Winter 

that  has  bin  since  1741 
August  S:       We  have  had  a  Dry  Summer  &  Fall  but  no  great  want 
Septem'".         of  anything,  as   the  Navigation  is  all  free,  a  fine  Dry 

fall 

'  Dr.  John  Warren  was  born  at  Roxbury,  27th  July,  1753;  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1771 ;  studied  medicine  with  his  brother  General 
Joseph  Warren,  and  in  1773  removed  to  Salem.  After  his  brother's  death 
at  Bunker  Hill  he  joined  the  army  as  surgeon,  and  remained  until  1777, 
when  he  took  charge  of  the  mihtary  hospitals  in  Boston  until  the  end  of 
the  war.     He  died  14th  April,  1815. 

'  Rev.  John  Clark,  D.D.,  was  born  in  1765;  graduated  at  Harvard  Col- 
lege in  1774;  made  associate  with  Dr.  Chauncy  in  1778  over  the  First 
Church;   died  1807. 


lOI 


1784  August  & 
Septem''. 

Nov"".  26 

High  tide  comes 
into  my  gard" 


27 


1785 


Aue*'  12 


1786  March  24* 


May  7'" 


fall  &  moderate.  By  the  middle  of  Novem''  Wood  was 
Cheeper  than  in  July  last.  That  I  cant  learn  that  any 
one  ever  remembered  before. 

this  morning  We  found  a  smart  Gale  at  E.  with  a  plenty 
of  Rain  that  Encreas'd  to  a  terable  Storm  by  1 1  and 
brought  in  a  high  Tide  over  all  the  Wharfs,  conce- 
quently  som  Thousand  pounds  damage  in  sugar  Salt 
&c,  but  before  i  P.  m.  it  was  allmost  Calm,  before  2  a 
small  brease  came  on  at  S.  and  by  4  a  smart  Gale  at 
S.  W.  that  continu'd  til  bedtime. 

A  Moderat  Cloudy  Morning  with  a  fresh  wind  at  S.  W. 
A  Cold  backward  Spring  til  May;  in  June  &  July  a 
fine  groing  Season  and  Butter  &  many  things  begin  to 
fall.  Money,  viz*,  hard  Cash  is  very  Scarse,  owing  to 
multitudes  in  Town  &  Contrey  runing  into  Dress  &c 
and  Cash  being  Shiptd  to  England  &c  for  vain  Super- 
fluetys 

This  P.  m.  I  atended  as  a  paul-holder  to  Deacon  Green- 
ough's  Funeral,  he  was  in  his  'j^  year.  —  And  alass  this 
Day  at  12  Deacon  Brown  Died.  He  was  in  his  yj  year, 
boath  Brother  Deacons  &  Acquainted  from  our  youth 
and  to  the  last  we  held  a  Brotherly  Love  together, 
this  Day  I  went  to  Trinity  Church,  a.  m.  to  hear  Bishop 
Seabury  from  Connec'  preach  &  Conferm  a  number  of 
Men  Women  &  Children,  his  Text  from  Acts  8*''  & 
17  V's  The  I**  Bishop  I  ever  saw:  he  preach [ed]  & 
confirm'd  soon  after  a  number  at  the  North  Church 
Call'd  Christ  Ch" 

I  Rezined  my  office  as  Treasurer  ^  to  the  2^  Church  in 

Boston 

'  The  following  extract  is  from  the  last  sermon  preached  in  the  Second 
Church  by  Rev.  Chandler  Robbins,  on  ii  March,  1844,  just  before  the 
church  was  abandoned :  "  At  the  head  of  these  stands  Deacon  John  Tudor, 


OPENING     OF     THE     FIRST     CHARLESTOWN 
BRIDGE. 

1786  May  7*''  Boston  and  the  Ch"  Chose  Deacon  Ridgway  in  my  room. 

The  Ch''  voted  me  Thanks  for  my  past  Services  &c. 
then  chose  a  com*"  to  examin  my  accounts:  the 
com^""  mett  on  the  10*^  May 

May  10  When  s''  Com*''  was  pleas'd  to  say,  they  Wished  Every 

Officer's  Accounts  &c  was  as  well  settled  as  mine.     I 
paid  the  Ballance  in  my  hands  to  Treasurer  Ridgway: 
Rec*  given  at  the  Settlement  in  the  Ch'^  Book  at  the 
close  of  the  account.  J.  Tudor 
31  Lection  Day,  I  went  down  to  Charleston  Ferry  P.  m. 

and  saw  the  last  pear  of  the  Bridge  settled,  &  the  Guns 
fired  for  joy  on  the  acation,  as  allso  for  the  Election. 

June  17  This  day  Charles  River  Bridge^    was  finish'd,  when  a 

vast  concourse  of  people  passed  over :  There  was  two 
Tables  of  320  feet  sett  up  on  Bunker's  hill,  the  place 
where  the  Battle  was  foug't  with  the  Brittons  this  Day 
II  Years,  on  the  Day  Charleston  was  burnt.  This  Day 
of  festivity  &  joy  was  Kept  so  as  to  Entertain  800 
Gentlemen;  the  Governor's  &c  &c  was  present.  13 
Tosts  &c  was  drank  &c  &c.      Sutch  a  Concourse  of 

people, 

a  man  of  no  less  sincere  piety  than  sterling  honor;   prudent  in  his  affairs 
'  and  systematic  in  his  arrangements.     His  labors  for  the  good  of  the  society 

during  his  own  day  were  various  and  indefatigable.  Nor  was  he  unmindful 
of  those  that  should  come  after  him.  Nearly  all  the  most  valuable  records 
of  the  church  and  society  during  the  eighteenth  century  were  fully  and 
carefully  kept  by  himself.  If  it  M'ere  not  for  his  careful  and  untiring  pen 
nearly  the  whole  of  the  ministry  of  Welsteed,  Gray,  and  Pemberton  would 
have  been  to  us  but  little  better  than  a  blank.  He  was  also  a  pecuniary 
benefactor  of  the  society,  and  treasurer  for  about  forty-two  years."  See 
Robbins'  "  History  of  Second  Church,"  p.  199. 

'  This  was  the  lower  Charlestown  bridge  close  to  Copp's  Hill. 


I03 
A    HUNDRED   BUILDINGS    BURNED. 

1786  June  17  people,  Carriages  &c  I  never  Saw  at  one  Time  before: 

Said  Bridge  is  1503  feet  long  encluding  the  abutments 
and  is  the  greatest  peice  of  Work  ever  don  in  Emerica. 
For  the  first  pier  of  the  Bridge  was  drove  on  the  14"' 
June  1785  &  the  Bridge  completed  on  the  17"'  June 
1786  12  mo  &  3  Days.  The  greatest  depth  of  the 
river  from  the  upper  floring  46  feet  9  Inches.  Small 
part  14  feet  at  high  Water:  The  breadth  of  the  Bridge 
42  feet  &  Ornamented  with  40  Lamps,  which  make 
a  Sparkling  Show  in  the  Night  The  town  &  Contrey 
soon  found  the  Advantage  of  this  Bridge. 

1787  March  The  Winter  past  has  bin  long  &  to   many  distressing, 

the  money  very  scarce  &  but  little  Business  going  on. 
April  16  My  Grandson  W"'  Savage  ^  went  to  MrTilston's  ^  School 
April  20  (Friday  Evening)  About  Sunset  a  Fire  broke  out  at  the 
South  part  of  Boston  and  within  about  3  hours  was 
never  Equalled  in  this  town,  excepting  in  the  year 
171 1  &  1760.  It  raged  on  both  Sides  the  Street  10  or 
15  buildings  being  in  flames  in  a  few  minutes,  til  about 
100  buildings  were  destroyed ;  sixty  of  which  were 
dweling  houses,  many  Elegant  ones.  Among  them  was 
a  hansom  meeting  house.  Subscriptions  &  Colections 
was  set  on  foot  to  relieve  the  unhappy  sufferers  &  large 
sums  obtained. 

1788  Novem""  11     Last  evening  our  two  Granddaughters  Jane  &   Betsy=^ 

Savage 

'  William  Savage  was  the  elder  brother  of  James  Savage,  the  famous 
genealogist. 

"  John  Tileston,  who  presided  over  the  Eliot  School  for  more  than 
sixty-five  years.  The  school  was  on  North  Eennet  Street  at  the  North  End. 
^  Elizabeth  Savage  married  John  Cooper  in  1791. 


104 

1788  Novem''  ii      Savage  went  to  Notels  Hand  ^  to  board  with   Mr.  Will- 

iams their  Dear  mother  being  Dead  &  the  House  broke 
up  &c 
12  Just  at  1 1  came  in  a  mesenger  &told  me  that  my  Farm- 
house at  Lynn  was  Burnt  down  yesterday  P.  m.  in  the 
time  of  the  Terable  Storm  we  had.  So  uncertain  is  all 
below  the  Sun.  The  Lord  gives  &  he  takes  away. 
Bless'',  be  his  Name  &c  &c. 

1789  May  23  P.  m. We  had  the   good   News  Conferm'd   of  our  Daughter 

Tudor's  being  Safely  Delivered  of  a  Son  ^  at  Dorchester 
22''  We  have  had  a  Cold  May  &c,  til  this  Day,  but  throug 

mercy    everything    plenty,    but   money    his    hardly    to 
[be]  com  at. 
1790  April     Very  Cold  for  the  Season  on  the  17,  18  &  19  till  Sumer 
began.      Summer   most   things  plenty  but   mone}-,  but 
money  Scarce. 
Decem"".  Sett  in  with  Rain  &  snow,  Cold  &c  lasted  all  the  month. 

1 79 1  Janu'',  I     A  very  Cold  Snow  Storm  that  lasted   all  day,  at  ev^' 
broke 
2^    Clear  &  very  Cold,   the  Snow  from  3  Snow  Storms  in 
Drifts   is   in   some  places  from  4  to  6  feet  high   upon  a 
Level  as  the  Contrey  people  say  'tis 
July  5  P.  m.   My  son  W™  Tudor's  right  leg  was  broak  at  Notamy  by 
the   kick  of   a  horse   &   brought   safe  to  his  house    in 
Boston  on  the  7"^ 
1792  In  June  we  by  a  Letter  from  our  Grandson  Cooper'*  who 

Lives 

'  Noddle's  Island. 

^This  was  James  Tudor,  who  died  9  August,  1797. 

^  John  Cooper  was  born  in  Boston,  13  December,  1765;  was  educated 
at  the  Boston  Latin  School.  He  removed  to  Machias,  j\Ie.,  in  1790; 
was  High  Sheriff  of  Washington  County,  Me  ,  for  thirty  years,  and 
Treasurer  of  Washington  County  for  six  years;    was  Brigadier-General  of 


y^  yt;>t^^^^^^^:riy'^. 


1/92  Lives  at  Machias  had  the  Agreeable  news  of  our  Dear 

granddaughter  Betsy's  safe  DeHverance  of  a  Great 
Grandson  born  the  6"'  ins*  who  was  soon  baptized  by 
the  Name  of  John  Tudor  ^  by  the  Rev"  Mr  Lyon  June 
6'*"  1792  the  Great  Grandson  J.  Tudor  was  born  about 
3  P.  m.  on  a  Wednesday  in  1792  he  was  Wean'd  June 
6  1793,  which  he  took  finely.  A  Lovely  fine  Boy  as 
good  Natured  as  ever  I  saw,  Bessed  be  God  for  all. 
We  might  by  this  time  have  had  a  Number,  But  alass 
our  oldest  Grand  Children  has  been  Dead  some  time. 
Lord  preserve  all. 
Aug.  30.         This  day  my  grandsons  W"'  Tudor '^  &  W"  Savage  were 

both 

Massachusetts  Militia  from  1803-11;  in  1812  was  chosen  Commissioner 
to  deliver  to  Congress  the  electoral  votes  of  Massachusetts;  in  181 6  was 
a  delegate  to  the  convention,  at  Brunswick,  for  the  separation  of  Maine 
from  Massachusetts ;  in  1822  he  removed  to  Cooper,  Me.,  where  he  died 
the  iSth  November,  1845. 

'John  Tudor  Cooper  died,  22  March,  1812.  '' 

*  William  Tudor  was  the  eldest  son  of  Colonel  Tudor,  born  in  Boston,  28 
January,  1779;  was  prepared  for  college  at  Phillips  Academy,  Andover,  and 
graduated  from  Harvard  College  in  the  class  of  1796.  He  was  sent  to 
Paris  on  business  by  John  Codman,  Esq.,  soon  after  graduation,  and  after 
his  return  to  Boston,  again  sailed  for  Leghorn,  and  made  a  tour  of  Europe 
for  pleasure  and  study.  In  1805  he  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Anthology  Club,  out  of  which  grew  the  Boston  Athenaeum,  of  which  he 
v,as  one  of  the  founders.  In  the  fall  of  the  same  year  he  went  to  the  West 
Indies  with  James  Savage,  in  connection  with  his  brother  Frederic's  business 
of  the  ice  trade;  and  in  1807  went  to  France  on  the  same  business.  In 
1810  he  went  again  to  Europe,  as  agent  of  Stephen  HJgginson,  Esq.  In 
1815  he  founded  the  "  North  American  Review,"  which  is  still  in  existence, 
and  edited  it  for  many  years.  He  was  the  originator  and  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  Bunker  Hill  Monument.  He  delivered  the  Phi  Beta  Kappa 
oration  in  1815,  and  the  4th  of  July  oration,  in  Boston,  in  1809.  He  pub- 
lished, besides  a  "  Life  of  James  Otis"  (his  most  noted  work),  "  Letters 
from  the  Eastern  States,"  and  "Gebel  Teir."  Having  been  appointed 
consul  for  Lima,  he  left  Boston,  in  November,  1S23;  was  charge  d'affaires 
at  Rio  in  1827,  and  died  there  of  yellow  fever,  9  March,  1830. 


io6 

1792  Aug.  30.  both  inoculated  for  the  small-pox.  Broke  out  the  Be- 
ginning of  Sep'',  both  did  well.  Mercy.  Mercy. 
Memorandum  of  the  great  small-pox  in  Sep"".  1792 
At  a  meeting  at  Faneuil  Hall  on  Monday  Octo""  8^"  1792 
Report  was  made  to  the  Town  that  last  Week  the 
Selectmen  and  Overseers  of  the  poor  with  a  number 
of  Clergy  and  other  Gentlemen  visited  all  the  Families 
in  the  several  Wards  in  this  Town  in  order  to  ob"  a 
particular  Account  of  the  Small  pox  &c  As  follows 


Whites  by  Inoculation 

8,804 

died 

158 

Blacks         Ino^' 

384 

died 

7 

dit°            Natural  way 

18 

d" 

6 

Number  from  the  country 

1038 

Removed  out  of  Town 

262 

Subject  to  infect" 

221 

It  is  to  be  observed  that  tho'  the  number  is  said  to  be 
221,  in  those  are  included  many  children  &c 
The  town  voted  Unanimously  that  the   Selectmen   be 
requested  to   take   all  legal    Measures   for  Removal   of 
persons  who  do  not  belong  to  this  Town 

By  Order  W"  Cooper  Town  Clerk 

1793  Oct  I"*  Warm  with  a  S.  W.  Wind  so  small  that  the  flys  was  as 

Troublesome  as  ever.     Ditto  on  3'^  day  as  on  the  i"' 
4'"  D" 

S*''  At  1 1  fine  Weather  d"  on  ye  9*"  &  10"' 

f^  Calm    ordinary.      Fine   Weather   for   the    Season,     do 

the    8"'   &   till    ye    10"'    extraordinary  for    the    Season. 
The   flys  very  troublesome  Still.     So  Warm  at   1 1    'tis 

more 


I07 

1793  Oct.  f"  more  like  Summer  than  October.     Governor  Hancock 

lays  Dead.     He  Died  on  the  5  Ins*  morning 
1 1'"  Warm,  extreordenery  Warm,  Clear  &c  for  the  Season 

14  Governor  Hancock  Bured  this  P.  m.       The  Bells  began 

to  Toll  at  SunRise  for  Yz  an  hower.  A  great  perade 
&c  this  P.  m.  of  Guns  &c  &c.  Flys  very  Busey  at 
Noon 


SO   END 
IHE   MEMORANDUMS. 


io8 


COPY   OF   DEACON   JOHN   TUDOR'S   WILL. 

From  Probate  Records.   Suffolk  County,  Mass.,    Vol.  gj,  p.  sg^. 

I  John  Tudor  of  Boston  in  the  County  of  Suffolk  and  Commonwealth 
of  Massachusetts  Esquire,  now  near  eighty  three  years  old,  but  being 
through  the  goodness  of  God  in  good  health  and  understanding  and 
memory  do  with  my  own  hand  write  and  through  this  now  ordain  this  to 
be  my  last  Will  and  Testament.  And  first  I  order  my  just  debts  and 
funeral  expenses  to  be  paid  as  soon  as  may  be  after  my  decease.  —  Also 
I  give  &  bequeath  to  my  beloved  Wife  Jane  Tudor  with  whom  I  have 
happily  and  comfortably  lived  more  than  Sixty  years  being  married  on 
the  15"'  of  June  1732.  To  her  I  say  I  give  the  House  I  now  dwell  in  and 
all  its  appurtenances  together  with  the  use  of  all  my  plate  that  may  be  in 
the  house  excepting  what  I  have  before  given  away,  and  all  my  Household 
furniture  during  her  life,  but  she  shall  sell  none,  and  I  desire  and  direct 
my  executor  hereafter  named  to  keep  the  said  House  and  Fencing  in  good 
repair;  and  I  do  further  give  my  said  Wife  an  Annuity  of  one  hundred 
and  fifty  dollars  per  year  to  be  paid  her  quarterly  37  &  >2  dollars  out  of 
the  interest  arising  from  my  bonds  and  mortgages ;  —  Also  I  give  to  my 
Daughter  Mary  Thompson  (now  a  Widow  during)  her  Widowhood  the 
Sum  of  Fifty  dollars  to  be  paid  her  quarterly  12  Dols  &  Yz  I 
give  to  my  Daughter  in  law  Dil'*  Tudor  my  sons  wife  two  hundred 
Dollars  to  be  disposed  of  as  she  thinks  proper,  also  I  give  to  each 
of  the  9  Children  of  my  deceased  Daughter  Eliz"  Savage  five  dol- 
lars to  be  paid  to  them  upon  their  arriving  at  the  age  of  twenty 
one,^  or  day  of  marriage ;  and  in  case  of  the  death  of  either  of  them  the 
said  Legacy  to  be  equally  divided  among  the  living  Brothers  &  Sisters.  I 
give  devise  and  bequeath  to  my  only  son  Will"'  Tudor  Esq  all  the  rest 
residue  and  remainder  of  my  estate  Real  Personal  &  mixed  and  I  do 
hereby  constitute  him  my  said  Son  the  Executor  of  this  my  last  Will,  and 
'  This  legacy  of  $5  was  increased  to  ^500  each  by  William  Tudor,  the  executor,  who  inherited 
■the  bulk  of  the  estate. 


109 

I  prohibit  any  Inventory  being  taken  of  my  estate  to  be  lodged  in  any 
office.  And  I  do  Earnestly  recommend  to  my  Son  the  tender  &  affection- 
ate care  of  his  aged  Mother  (but  I  think  I  need  not  give  this  caution  as 
he  has  always  been  a  dutiful  child)  this  may  bring  a  blessing  on  him  and 
his  Amen,  as  to  my  Tomb  No  13  with  my  name  on  it  at  the  old  burying 
ground  at  and  near  the  S.  E.  corner  of  the  Stone  Chappel  in  Boston  I  say 
and  direct  that  it  shall  not  be  disposed  of  but  kept  in  the  family  for  the 
use  of  my  Family  till  time  and  death  shall  be  no  more  —  I  hereby  in  case  of 
my  Son  and  Executor's  death  do  appoint  my  Daughter  in  law  my  Son's 
wife  Dil'"".  Tudor  ^  to  be  the  Administratrix  of  this  my  Will.  —  As  I  have  left 
my  Wife  as  above  the  House  &c  together  with  the  quarterly  payment  of 
37  Dols  &  y2  both  which  may  be  a  genteel  and  comfortable  maintainance 
but  I  leave  all  as  above  &  before  written  to  the  discretion  of  my  Son  and 
Executor;  In  a  particular  manner  as  my  Grand  Children  may  turn  out 
And  I  hereby  make  void  all  other  Wills  before  made  by  me : 

In  Witness  whereof  I  hereto  set  my  hand  and  seal  this  sixth  day  of 
August  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  ninety- 
two,  —  at  the  writing  of  the  above  I  am  in  health  and  good  circumstances 
today  but  I  Know  not  what  may  be  on  the  morrow  much  less  what  may 
be  next  month  or  year;  I  may  possably  live  to  spend  all;  If  so  my  Heirs 
&c  must  be  content  to  do  as  well  as  they  can.  — I  give  to  my  grandson  J. 
H.  Tudor  my  picture  in  a  large  four  square  guilt  frame  drawn  above  forty 
years  ago  with  the  paper  on  the  back  of  it  —  And  further  as  I  being  old 
may  die  soon  I  hereby  give  to  my  said  Son  Will"  all  my  four  Desks  and 
Glass  case  as  it  now  hangs  full  of  papers  and  desire  him  to  take  them  all 
away  to  his  House  as  soon  as  may  be  after  my  Funeral  is  over,  together 
as  they  now  stand,  with  all  that  may  be  in  them  as  Bonds  &c 

John  Tudor  and  a  Seal 
Signed  Sealed  &  Delivered  in  presence  of  us 

Henry  Roby 
Thomas  Lewis 
(2  See  page  1 10.)  Thomas  Lewis  Jr. 


^  Delia  Jarvis,  the  wife  of  Colonel  William  Tudor,  born  i8  Nov.  1753, 
was  the  daughter  of  Elias  Jarvis,  Jr.,  and  Deliverance  Atkins.  Her  father 
died  early  and  her  mother  married  for  her  second  husband  Capt.  ] 
Young.  She  belonged  to  a  tory  family,  but  her  sympathies  appear  to 
have  soon  turned  to  the  patriots.  She  had  considerable  literary  ability, 
and  was  one  of  the  social  celebrities  of  old  Boston  after  the  Revolution. 
She  is  said  to  have  learned  the  Italian  language  after  her  eightieth  year. 
The  following  lines  were  written  in  1843,  when  she  was  about  ninety,  in 
memory  of  the  battle,  for  which  the  monument,  in  which  her  eldest  son 
had  been  much  interested,  was  just  then  completed  at  Charlestown.  She 
died  a  few  months  after  at  Washington,  7  Sept.  1843,  The  lines  published 
24  June,  1843,  i"  the  "  National  Intelligencer,"  are  as  follows: 

Ecclesiastes,  Ch.  i.  V.  9. 

Had  it  been  thine,  great  King!   on  earth  to  stay. 
And  note  the  dawnings  of  this  peerless  day, 
To  future  years  those  words  would  not  resound  — 
That  "  Nothing  new  beneath  the  sun  is  found." 

Mute  as  in  Heaven,  no  party  strife  takes  place. 

Though  adverse  thousands  crowd  those  names  to  trace 

Who  on  this  hallowed  spot  in  martial  pride 

Fought  for  their  country  —  conquered,  bled  and  died ! 

On  Freedom's  sons  devolve  the  vast  domain, 

Who  unimpaired  the  sacred  trust  sustain. 

Wilds  that  no  mortal  footstep  then  had  pressed, 

A  home  invites  the  sufferer  —  the  oppressed. 

No  rigid  rules  depress  his  daily  toil : 

Lord  of  himself,  lord  of  the  cultured  soil, 

A  happy  future  opens  to  his  view : 

Rich  culture  springs  where  tangled  forests  grew, 

And  children's  children  in  succession  rise 

To  bless  the  barque  that  gained  these  distant  skies. 


^t«h^- 


^'t?!^ 


VII 
MEMOIR  OF  WILLIAM  TUDOR. 


William  Tudor,  born  8  April,  1750,  was  the  youngest  child 
and  the  only  surviving  son  of  Deacon  John  Tudor,  the  two  elder 
brothers  having  died  at  sea.  He  was  fitted  for  college  at  the 
Latin  school  on  the  South  side  of  School  Street,  kept  by  Mr. 
John  Lovell.  and  entered  Harvard  University  in  August,  1765. 
His  room-mate  in  college  was  Theopholous  Parsons,  afterwards 
Chief  Justice  and  the  friendship  there  begun  continued  through 
life.  W^illiam  Tudor  graduated  at  Harvard  in  the  class  of  1769, 
with  considerable  reputation  as  a  classical  scholar. 

At  the  age  of  twenty-one,  in  177 1,  he  entered  John  Adams' 
office  to  study  law.  The  condition  of  Public  affairs  in  the  Prov- 
ince of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  was  at  this  time  critical.  The 
Provincial  Congress  had  met  for  the  first  time,  October,  1765, 
after  the  passage  of  the  Stamp  Act,  nine  of  the  Colonies  only 
being  represented.  The  embargo  on  British  goods  had  been 
adopted  by  all.  The  mob  had  destroyed  the  houses  of  Oliver 
and  Hutchinson  in  Boston  and  in  many  of  the  other  Colonies 
had  the  same  riotous  proceedings  been  carried  out.  The  en- 
forcement of  the  Stamp  Act  at  this  time  would  have  doubtless 
led  to  an  open  rupture,  but  it  was  repealed  in  the  following  year 
because  the  king's  party  were  not  yet  prepared  for  open  war. 
But  in  1767  a  similar  act  was  passed  and  a  powerful  fleet  and 
army  sent  to  enforce  it.  Boston  was  then  considered  the  hot 
bed  of  rebellion,  and  the  presence  of  the  great  body  of  British 
troops  sent  to  hold  the  town  could  lead  but  to  one  result,  f^irst 
the  exchange  of  insults  between  the  troops  and  townspeople 
culminating  finally  on  that  bitter  March  day  of  1770  in  the  Bos- 
ton massacre. 

John  Adams  was  the  foremost  lawyer  of  the  day,  not  so 
eloquent  as  J.  Otis,  nor  so  much  of  a  tribune  of  the  people  as 
Sam.  Adams,  but  with  a  calm  mind  watching  events  and  always 
ready  to  give  his  legal  opinion  and  the  weight  of  his  position  to 
the  patriot  cause.     It  was  just  before  leaving  Mr.  Adams*  office 


Errata  in  line  6  for  •'  Theopholous"  read  "  Theophilus" 


VIII 

that  occurred  the  event  at  the  end  of  1773,  so  momentous  for 
all  the  Colonies  since  called  the  Boston  Tea  Party.  While  this 
destruction  of  the  East  India  Company's  tea  in  Boston  Harbor 
was  the  act  of  a  mob,  it  was  without  doubt  countenanced  and 
probably  instigated  by  the  patriot  leaders  and  supported  by  the 
public  opinion  of  a  majority  of  the  citizens.  It  was  for  this 
reason  that  the  law  closing  the  Port  of  Boston  and  the  succeed- 
ing acts  annulling  the  charter  were  passed  at  the  very  time  the 
young  lawyer  was  opening  an  office  for  himself.  The  prospects 
were  certainly  gloomy  in  the  extreme.  All  business  had  ceased 
in  the  town  of  Boston,  and  where  there  was  no  commerce,  there 
was  little  occupation  in  the  law.  All  men  knew  and  felt  that 
war  was  in  the  air,  and  while  no  overt  act  had  been  done,  both 
sides  were  waiting,  and  private  quarrels  were  put  aside.  Wil- 
liam Tudor  had  now  passed  the  age  of  twenty  four  years;  he 
had  completed  his  studies,  had  been  entered  at  the  bar,  and  his 
father  probably  considered  that  he  had  done  enough  for  him. 
The  son  had,  however,  secured  the  esteem  and  friendship  of 
Mr.  Adams,  while  in  his  office,  which  lasted  all  his  life,  and  was 
the  cause  of  the  following  long  letter  written  in  his  favor  to  his 
father. 

Braintree,  July  23,  1774. 

Dear  Sir:  — 

You  will  be  surprised  I  believe  to  receive  a  letter  from  me, 
upon  a  matter  which  I  have  so  little  right  to  intermeddle  with 
as  the  subject  of  this,  I  am  sensible  it  is  a  subject  of  very 
great  delicacy;  but  as  it  is  of  equal  importance  to  your  own 
happiness  and  that  of  your  only  son,  I  hope  and  believe  you 
will  receive  it,  as  it  is  really  meant,  as  an  expression  of  my 
friendship  both  to  yourself  and  him,  without  any  other  view  or 
motive  whatever.  Your  son  has  never  said  a  word  to  me,  but 
from  what  I  have  accidentally  heard  from  others  I  have  reason 
to  believe  that  he  is  worried  and  uneasy  in  his  mind.  This  dis- 
content is  in  danger  of  producing  very  disagreable  effects,  as  it 
must  interrupt  his  happiness,  and  as  it  may  a;id  probably  will, 
if  not  removed,  injure  his  health,  and  by  discouraging  his  mind 
and  depressing  his  spirits,  disincline  him  to,  or  disqualify  him 
for  his  studies  and  business.     I  believe  sir,  you  are  not  as  sen- 


IX 

slble  as  I  am,  of  the  difficulty  of  a  young  gentleman's  get- 
ting into  much  business  in  the  practice  of  the  law.  It  must,  in 
the  best  of  times  and  for  the  most  promising  genius,  be  work  of 
time.  The  present  situation  of  public  affairs  is  such  as  has  ren- 
dered this  difficulty  tenfold  greater  than  ever.  The  grant  from 
the  crown  of  salaries  to  the  judges,  the  proceedings  of  the  two 
houses  of  Assembly  in  relation  to  it,  and  the  general  discontent 
throughout  all  the  countries  of  the  Province,  among  jurors  and 
others  concerning  it,  had  well-nigh  ruined  the  business  of  all 
the  lawyers  in  the  government,  before  the  news  of  the  three  late 
acts  of  Parliament  arrived.  These  acts  have  put  an  end  to  all 
the  business  of  the  law  in  Boston.  The  Port  act  of  itself  has  done 
much  toward  this,  but  the  other  two  acts*  have  spread  through- 
out the  Province  such  an  apprehension  that  there  will  be  no 
business  for  courts  for  some  time  to  come,  that  our  business  is 
at  present  in  a  manner  at  an  end.  In  this  state  of  things  I  am 
sure  it  is  impossible  that  your  son's  income  should  be  adequate 
to  his  necessary  expenses,  however  frugal  he  may  be,  and  I  have 
heard  that  he  complains  that  is  not.  The  expenses  for  the  rent 
of  his  office,  for  his  board  and  washing,  must  come  to  a  consid- 
erable sum  annually,  without  counting  a  farthing  for  the  tran- 
sient charges,  which  a  young  gentleman  of  the  most  sober  and 
virtuous  character  can  no  more  avoid,  than  he  can  those  for 
bed  and  board.  So  that  it  is  absolutely  impossible  but  that  he 
must  run  behind  hand  and  be  obliged  to  run  in  debt  for  neces- 
saries, unless  he  is  either  assisted  by  his  father,  or  leaves  the 
town  of  Boston  and  betakes  himself  to  some  distant  place  in  the 
country,  where,  if  his  business  should  not  be  more,  his  expenses 
would  be  vastly  less.  I  am  well  aware  of  the  follies  and  vices 
so  fashionable  among  many  of  the  young  gentlemen  of  our  age 
and  country,  and  if  your  son  was  infected  with  them,  would 
never  have  become  an  advocate  for  him,  without  his  knowledge, 
as  I  now  am,  with  his  father.  I  should  think  the  more  he  was 
restrained  the  better.  But  I  know  him  to  have  a  clear  head  and 
an  honest,  faithful  heart.  He  is  virtuous,  sober,  steady,  indus- 
trious, and  constant  to  his  office.  Fie  is  as  frugal  as  he  can  be 
in  his  rank  and  class  of  life,  without  being  mean.     It  is  your 

*  Mr.  Adams  was  at  this  period  nearly  forty  years  of  age.  He  had  been 
for  a  long  time  the  most  prominent  lawyer  in  Boston  and  had  taken  from  the 
beginning  a  quiet  but  active  interest  in  all  the  contests  between  the  crown 
and  the  people  of  the  Colonies.  His  friendship  and  good  offices  for  William 
Tudor  were  continued  during  his  life,  as  their  constant  correspondence  shows- 


Errata  in  line  3  for  "  be  work  "  read  "  be  a  work 


peculiar  felicity  to  have  a  son  whose  behaviour  and  character 
are  thus  deserving.  Now  there  can  be  nothing  in  this  life  so 
exqisitely  painful,  to  such  a  mind  so  humiliating,  so  mortifying, 
as  to  be  distrusted  by  his  father  —  as  to  be  obliged  to  borrow  of 
strangers,  or  to  run  in  debt  and  lie  at  mercy.  A  small  donation 
of  real  or  personal  estate,  made  to  him  now,  would  probably  be 
of  more  service  to  him,  than  ten  times  that  sum  ten  years  hence. 
It  would  give  him  a  small  income  that  he  could  depend  upon  — 
it  would  give  him  weight  and  reputation  in  the  world  —  it  would 
assist  him  greatly  in  getting  into  business.  I  am  under  concern 
lest  the  anxiety  he  i.ovv  struggles  with  should  prove  fatal  to  him. 
I  have  written' this  without  his  knowledge,  and  I  don't  propose 
ever  to  acquaint  him  with  it.  If  you  please  you  may  burn  this, 
only  I  must  entreat  that  you  believe  it  to  flow  only  from  real 
concern  for  a  young  gentleman  whom  I  greatly  esteem. 
I  am  your  friend  and  humble  servant, 

JOHN    ADAMS. 
To  John  Tudor,  Esq.  Cambridge. 

What  was  the  result  of  this  letter  the  writer  of  this  does 
not  know,  probably  it  had  some  effect  on  the  old  Deacon,  but 
events  were  fast  shaping  themselves  in  a  way  to  give  occupa- 
tion of  a  serious  nature  to  all  the  patriots.  Just  two  months 
after  the  writing  of  the  above  letter  by  Mr.  Adams,  the  Provin- 
cial legislature  was  dissolved  by  proclamation  of  General  Gage, 
but  meeting  on  their  own  account  organized  themselves  into  a 
Provincial  Congress  without  the  Royal  Governor's  assistance. 
This  was  in  itself  almost  a  declaration  of  war,  as  the  now  inde- 
pendent congress  was  rapidly  arming  and  training  troops  and 
gathering  warlike  munitions.  Actual  war  came  on  quickly,  and 
in  less  than  seven  months  the  first  blood  was  shed  in  open  bat- 
tle at  Lexington,  and  within  three  weeks  Ticonderoga  was 
taken  by  the  Patriots  After  Lexington  the  siege  of  Boston 
was  begun,  and  amongst  others  shut  up  there  was  William 
Tudor.  Why  he  stayed  in  the  town,  a  patriot  amongst  the  Brit- 
ish forces  is  a  simple  story.  He  was  in  love  with  a  Tory 
maiden  who  was  so  far  from  any  sympathy  from  her  own  coun- 
try that  her  family  still  continued  to  use  the  taboed  tea,  the 
selling  and  buying  of  which  was  considered  then    little  better 


XI 

than  a  crime  in  the  town  of  Boston.  This  young  woman  Delia 
Jarvis  is  even  said  to  have  given  the  forbidden  drink  to  the 
British  troops  returning  exhausted  from  the  Lexington  skirmish^ 
Open  warfare  was,  however,  too  much  for  the  young  patriot 
lawyer,  and  soon  after  the  siege  of  the  town  was  begun  by  the 
Provincials,  and  before  all  the  boats  had  been  seized  by  Gen- 
eral Gage,  he  managed  to  escape  by  way  of  Point  Shirley  to  the 
Provincial  lines  vv^here  he  joined  the  besieging  army  at  Cam. 
bridge,  on  the  rath  of  May,  1775.  He  found,  however,  a  curi- 
ous means  of  visiting  the  woman  of  his  choice,  who  had  now 
moved  to  Noddle  Island  (P^ast  Boston)  probably  because  the 
city  was  not  only  uncomfortable  on  account  of  the  many  troops, 
but  besides  a  dangerous  residence.  Like  another  Leander  Wil- 
liam Tudor  swam  across  from  the  main  land  to  the  Island,  car- 
rying his  clothes  on  his  head,  and  returned  in  the  same  way 
after  his  visit.  He  was  always  a  fine  swimmer  and  diver  and 
when  a  boy  is  reported  to  have  jumped  from  the  bowsprit  end 
of  a  frigate,  whence  none  of  the  officers  dared  to  follow  him. 

The  gathering  of  the  Provincial  forces  about  the  town  of 
Boston  and  their  efforts  to  fortify  the  surrounding  hills  led 
to  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  and  the  fearful  slaughter  of  the 
British  troops.  General  Gage  had  a  taste  of  what  the  Provin- 
cials could  do  in  war,  and  he  never  again  ventured  to  attack 
their  entrenchments.  The  Provincial  Congress  proceeded  rap- 
idly with  the  organization  of  the  army,  and  William  Tudor  was 
elected  Judge  Advocate  General  of  all  the  forces,  with  the  rank 
of  Colonel,  on  July  29th,  1775,  having  been  already  appointed 
to  that  office  by  General  Washington  on  the  13th,  doubtless  ow- 
ing to  the  good  offices  of  John  Adams,  and  perhaps  other  friends. 
This  position  he  retained  for  about  three  years,  going  with  the 
army  to  New  York,  and  afterwards  to  the  Jerseys.  Serving  all 
through  that  period  of  profound  discouragement  to  the  Patriots, 
starving  with  them  ac  Valley  Forge,  and  receiving  little  or  no  pay. 
After  the  surrender  of  Burgoyne  there  was  much  trouble  between 
the  prisoners  and  their  guards.  The  English  troops  of  that  day 
were  overbearing   and   insolent  in  the  extreme,  and  although 


XII 

prisoners  they  appear  to  have  continued  much  the  same  actions 
towards  their  captors  as  they  were  in  the  habit  of  following 
towards  the  people  of  the  various  towns  where  they  were  quar- 
tered. They  had  a  particular  contempt  for  the  Americans,  be- 
cause they  were  Provincials,  and  they  considered  them  socially 
inferior.  This  same  tone,  more  or  less  prevails  in  England  to- 
day, and  though  not  so  common  there  as  in  India,  Egypt  and 
other  conquered  countries,  is  shown  to  all  foreigners,  and  ex- 
plains why  the  French  and  other  nations  of  Europe  hate  the 
English  nation  with  a  deep  and  lasting  hatred.  No  doubt  the 
American  officers  and  soldiers  resented  this  sort  of  treatment, 
and  when  the  same  thing  came  from  their  prisoners,  they  were 
not  particularly  patient.  Colonel  Henley  was  one  of  those  who 
believed  that  a  prisoner  was  bound  to  behave  himself  with  com- 
mon decency  to  his  superiors,  and  on  receiving  unusually  inso- 
lent language  from  an  English  corporal,  and  finding  ordinary 
words  of  reprimand  of  no  avail,  he  struck  him  with  a  gun  which 
he  had  taken  from  one  of  the  guards,  wounding  him  with  the 
bayonet.  This  probably  had  a  good  effect,  probably  a  whip- 
ping, or  close  confinement  on  short  rations  would  have  been 
more  effective.  The  result,  however,  was  somewhat  remarka- 
able.  General  Burgoyne  charged  Colonel  Henley  with  "the 
most  indecent,  violent,  vindictive  severity  against  unarmed  men 
and  intentional  murder."  These  charges  were  not  sustained, 
however,  at  the  court  martial  ordered  to  be  held. 

At  this  late  day  it  seems  all  a  trivial  incident,  but  was  made 
much  of  at  the  time.  General  Burgoyne  hoped  probably  to 
make  capital  for  himself  out  of  the  affair.  It  at  all  events  varied 
the  monotony  of  prison  life.  Portions  of  Colonel  Tudor's 
argument  (he  had  been  deputed  to  defend  Henley)  have  been 
preserved.     The  following  extracts  seem  the  most  striking  :  — 

"This  erect  countenance  which  they  boast  of,  leads  them 
to  looking  down  upon  the  rest  of  the  world,  though  not  always 
with  impunity.  Britain  is  feared  because  she  is  powerful. 
What  pity  it  is  that  a  native  cannot  be  just  as  well  as  gallant. 
Less  pride  had  prevented  the  dismemberment  of  her  empire, 


XIII 

had  saved  the  blood  of  thousands  and  real  magnanimity  had  ere 
this  arrested  the  hand  of  destruction  from  the  heads  of  men 
whose  greatest  fault,  once  the  glorious  fault  of  Britons,  is  the 
love  of  freedom." 

"  But,"  says  General  Burgoyne,  "  Colonel  Henley's  conduct 
had  a  great  effect  upon  his  guards:  he  was  known  to  be  no 
friend  of  the  British  soldiers  (sic?) :  he  had  himself  wounded 
one,  and  ought  therefore  to  be  considered  as  an  accomplice  in 
every  outrage  which  took  place."  If  this  reasoning  is  conclusive 
by  the  same  logic  the  General  himself  is  an  accessory  to  all  the 
murders  perpetrated  by  the  ferocious  bipeds  the  savages,  who 
accompanied  and  disgraced  his  army  last  summer.  Ought  it  to 
be  said  that  because  these  black  attendants  knew  that  General 
Burgoyne  did  not  love  Americans,  that  therefore  he  would  be 
pleased  at  the  butchery  of  the  nerveless  old  man,  defenceless  fe- 
male and  infant  prattler?  because  he  hated  '  rebels,'  he  there- 
fore influenced  the  Indians  to  massacre  that  young  unfortunate 
the  inoffending  and  wretched  Miss  McCrea  !  " 

The  latter  portion  of  this  speech  is  said  to  have  brought 
tears  to  the  eyes  of  General  Burgoyne.  A  characteristic  re- 
mark of  Colonel  Henley  after  this  trial  was  in  requesting  his 
defender  to  shoot  him  because  in  the  use  of  the  words  at  his 
trial  that  he  "  was  a  man  of  passionate  and  impetuous  temper '' 
his  defender  had  ruined  him  in  the  estimation  of  the  woman  he 
loved.  This  trial  of  Colonel  Henley  was  in  January,  1778. 
The  French  had  after  the  capture  of  Burgoyne  decided  to  recog- 
nize the  united  Colonies  and  take  an  active  part  in  the  war  for 
their  independence.  Though  much  fighting  was  to  be  done,  the 
darkest  days  of  the  struggle  had  passed  away,  and  the  whole  of 
New  England  was  hereafter  freed  from  the  presence  of  Brit- 
ish troops,  or  any  contest  of  importance. 

Colonel  Tudor,  having  married  early  in  1778,  Delia  Jarvis, 
whose  Tory  training  had  probably  given  way  to  her  affection 
for  him,  now  thought  it  best  to  retire  from  his  legal  services  to 
Washington's  army,  and  devote  himself  to  domestic  life  and  the 
practice  of  his  profession.     This  was  rendered  the  more  neces- 


XIV 

sary  by  the  absolute  want  of  pay,  which  did  not  allow  a  man  in 
service  to  contribute  anything  to  the  support  of  his  wife  and 
children.  His  resignation  was  accepted  with  favor  by  Gen- 
eral Washington,  and  he  retired  with  the  rank  of  Colonel. 

JudgeTudor  soon  after  his  marriage,  opened  a  law  office  in 
Boston,  and  had  a  considerable  practice.  In  those  days  it  was 
the  general  custom  for  law  students  to  learn  their  profession  in 
the  office  of  a  prominent  lawyer,  and  amongst  those  who  be- 
came afterwards  distinguished  in  their  profession,  who  studied 
in  Judge  Tudor's  office,  were  George  R.Minot,  afterwards  Judge, 
Fisher  Ames,  Isaac  Parker,  afterwards  Chief  Justice,  and  Jo- 
siah  Quincy.  There  appears  to  have  been  plenty  of  business  at 
the  office  to  support  the  growing  family.  Judge  Tudor  was 
commissioned  a  magistrate  in  1781  ;  was  a  representative  in  the 
legislature  from  1791  to  1796;  a  senator  for  Suffolk  County 
from  1801  to  1803.  At  the  death  of  his  father.  Deacon  Tudor 
in  1796,  he  inherited  about  forty  thousand  dollars  in  real  and 
personal  property.  At  that  time  this  was  a  considerable  estate. 
He  was  now  considered  one  of  the  wealthy  men  of  the  commun- 
ity, and  decided  after  the  settlement  of  his  father's  estate,  to 
give  up  his  law  practice  and  make  a  long-desired  journey  to 
Europe.  He  was  at  this  period,  the  father  of  eight  children, 
six  of  them  living.  The  oldest,  William,  was  at  Harvard  Col- 
lege, being  about  18  years  of  age,  and  the  others  had  passed 
the  age  of  infancy  and  could  best  be  spared  for  a  time  their 
father's  care.  The  affairs  of  the  Colonies  had  progressed  with 
satisfaction  since  the  long  war  with  Great  Britain  practically 
ended  with  the  surrender  of  Cornwallis  in  the  autumn  of  1781. 
The  Constitution  had  been  adopted.  Vermont,  Kentucky  and 
Tennessee  had  been  added  to  the  original  13  States,  and  the 
long  administration  of  Washington  was  drawing  to  an  end. 

This  journey  comprised  a  visit  to  London,  Devonshire 
where  his  fath-r  was  born,  and  thence  to  Paris  just  recovering 
from  the  wreck  of  republican  institutions  and  only  waiting  for 
the  strong  hind  of  Napoleon,  to  re-establish  order  and  then 
sacrifice   the    people    and   her  institutions    to   his  ambition  to 


XV 

become  a  second  Charlemagne.  It  was  during  this  visit  to 
Paris  that  Mr.  Munroe  was  recalled  on  the  change  of  ad- 
ministration from  President  Washington  to  President  Adams. 
The  Americans  in  Paris,  including  Col.  Tudor,  joined  in  an  ad- 
dress to  the  retiring  minister  censuring  the  Government  for  his 
recall.  It  is  needless  to  say  that  this  action  was  not  only  un- 
wise, but  was  a  thing  which  would  naturally  be  resented  by  the 
Government  at  Washington,  and  those  taking  part  in  it  could 
hardly  expect  much  consideration  in  future  from  those  then  in 
power,  or  any  succeeding  administration.  The  return  journey 
was  made  through  the  Netherlands  and  Holland.  After  his 
arrival  in  London  the  American  minister,  Pv.ufus  King,  pre- 
sented him  to  the  king  George  IV.,  when  the  following  incident 
is  related  to  have  occurred.  As  this  occurrence  has  been 
already  twice  published  it  can  do  no  harm  to  repeat  it  here. 
The  surname  of  Tudor  is  not  very  common  and  probably  no 
one  of  the  name  had  ever  been  presented  to  the  king  before. 
The  name  at  any  rate  struck  him  and  he  exciai:ried  :  "Tudor, 
what,  one  of  us?"  And  receiving  the  information  that  Col. 
Tudor  had  recently  come  from  France,  a  country  just  then  not 
resorted  to  by  the  EngHsh  people,  the  king  entered  into  a  long 
conversation  on  the  condition  of  affairs  in  that  country,  the 
opinion  of  the  people,  etc.,  much  to  the  annoyance  of  Lord 
Galloway,  who  had  many  others  to  present,  when  at  last 
growing  impatient,  he  exclaimed:  "His  Majesty  seems  so 
deeply  engaged  with  his  cousin  that  he  forgets  what  a  number 
of  persons  are  in  waiting  to  be  presented!"  The  king,  how- 
e  vev,  continued  his  conversation  until  his  curiosity  v»'as  satisfied. 
It  was  not  long  after  his  return  from  this  foreign  journey 
that  he  decided  to  invest  a  part  of  his  estate  in  that  portion  of 
Dorchester  Neck,  called  Nook  Hill,  believing  that  this  land 
lying  nearest  to  the  Town  of  Boston  would  eventually  be  of  con- 
siderable value.  'I'his  land  was,  it  is  trut*,  separated  from 
Boston  by  flats  overflowed  at  high  tide,  but  the  available  por- 
tion of  the  original  peninsular  was  already  nearly  filled  up,  and 
it  seemed  reasonable  to  suppose  that  this  unoccupied  land  so 


XVI 

near  the  centre  of  the  town  would  soon  be  needed  for  resi- 
dences. Had  this  purchase  remained  quiescent  it  would  doubt- 
less have  proved  in  time  a  good  investment.  His  house  prop- 
erty on  Queen  street,  now  Court  street,  had  already  improved 
greatly  in  value,  being  very  close  to  the  active  business  centre 
of  the  town.  Boston  was  growing  very  fast  and  was  increas- 
ing rapidly  in  wealth  and  was  then  the  leading  commercial 
place  of  the  country.  Some  time  after  this  Dorchester  pur- 
chase Joseph  Woodward,  also  a  large  landowner  who  may  be 
considered  the  forerunner  in  those  great  land  speculations, 
which  have  proven  so  disastrous  of  late  years,  conceived  the 
plan  of  separating  this  outlying  portion  of  Dorchester  from 
the  rest  of  the  town  :  connecting  it  v/ith  Boston  by  a  bridge 
and  annexing  it  to  the  larger  place.  The  scheme  looked 
promising  and  Col.  Tudor,  Harrison  Gray  Otis,  Jonathan 
Mason,  Gardiner  Greene  and  others  amongst  the  most  sub- 
stantial citizens  of  Boston  were  interested  in  the  project  and 
made  large  purchases  of  land.  Though  strongly  opposed  in 
the  Legislature  by  the  town  of  Dorchester,  a  bill  was  passed 
annexing  South  Boston  and  the  four  persons  mentioned  above 
were  also  made  the  incorporators  of  a  bridge  company.  On  the 
passageof  these  two  acts  the  value  of  the  lands  in  South  Boston 
advanced  to  ten  times  their  former  value  and  had  the  original 
owners  sold  their  property  then,  no  doubt  great  profits  would 
have  been  realized.  Col.  Tudor,  however,  having  invested 
largely  in  the  bridge  company,  entered  with  the  other  owners 
upon  the  improvement  of  the  property,  grading,  building  break- 
waters, etc.  He  also  built  on  his  own  land  a  block  of  four 
brick  houses,  only  one  of  which  was  ever  rented,  for  the  paltry 
sum  of  $120  a  year.  The  people  of  the  south  end  of  Boston 
now  fearing  that  the  new  bridge,  which  was  to  be  built  from 
Federal  street,  would  injure  their  own  property,  managed  to  get 
the  bridge  located  beyond  their  own  land  at  the  Neck,  so  that 
people  were  obliged  to  go  nearly  to  Roxbury  to  get  to  South 
Boston.  Anyone  can  anticipate  the  result.  The  bridge  was 
built  at  a  cost  of  $56,000.     No  one  went  to  South  Boston.     The 


XVII 

bridge  never  paid  expenses  and  was  sold  many  years  after  for 
$3,500.  Five  years  after  the  bridge  was  finished  there  were 
only  250  people  in  South  Boston.  In  the  year  1807  Col. 
Tudor,  probably  satisfied  with  the  South  Boston  investment, 
then  in  the  full  tide  of  apparent  prosperity,  went  to  France  with 
his  wife  and  daughter  and  was  afterwards  joined  by  his  eldest 
son.  Napoleon  was  then  at  the  height  of  his  prosperity  and 
France  was  greatly  changed  since  the  former  visit.  The  impe- 
rial court  was  conducted  with  great  state  and  Col.  Tudor  and 
his  family  were  frequently  entertained  by  the  Empress  Jose- 
phine. His  old  intimacy  with  the  French  officers  of  the  Conti- 
nental Army  was  renewed  and  this  visit  to  France,  which  lasted 
for  a  year,  was  probably  most  agreeable.  He  returned,  how- 
ever, to  find  ruin.  His  property  had  become  all  involved  in  the 
South  Boston  undertaking  and  he  was  ruthlessly  pursued  by  his 
creditors.  His  second  son,  Frederic,  had  embarked  in  the  ice 
trade  to  the  tropics  In  1805-6,  and  the  early  ventures  had 
proven  a  total  loss  and  had  doubtless  added  to  the  complica- 
tions of  his  father.  They  were  both  persecuted  in  every  way 
by  their  creditors,  being  often  arrested  and  even  imprisoned. 
Col.  Tudor  now  resumed  the  practice  of  the  law  with  more  or 
less  success.  He  now  received  a  magistrate's  commission 
throughout  the  Commonwealth,  He  had  been  already  Repre- 
sentative from  Boston  and  Senator  from  Suffolk  county,  also 
Commi'^sioner  of  Bankruptcy  in  1801-2.  He  was  afterward 
Secretary  of  State  of  Massachusetts  for  the  years  i8og  and 
1810,  and  was  Clerk  of  the  Supreme  Court  from  181 1  until  his 
death  on  July  8,  iSig.  He  delivered  the  Boston  Massacre  ora- 
tion on  March  5,  1779,  after  his  return  from  the  army,  and  the 
oration  before  the  Cincinnati  Society,  of  which  he  was  vice-pres- 
ident, on  July  4,  1791.  He  was  on  friendly  terms  and  corre- 
spondence with  many  of  the  leading  men  of  his  day,  which  was 
the  most  interesting  period  of  the  Nations  history.  Two  or  three 
of  these  letters  which  have  been  already  published,  but  are  not 
very  accessible,  are  included  here.* 

*The  writer  of  this  sketch  is  indebted  for  many  details  to  the  memoir 
written  by  William  Tudor  for  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  of  wbJcji 
his  father  was  one  of  the  founders, 


XVIII 

From  General  Washington  to  W.  Tudor,  Esq. 

Mount  Vernon,  August  i8th,  1788. 

Sir: — I  have  just  received  your  friendly  letter  of  the  26th 
of  July,  together  with  the  History  of  the  Insurrection  in  Massa- 
chusetts and  cannot  delay  to  return  you  my  thanks  for  these 
tokens  of  your  regard.  Though  I  have  not  yet  had  time  to  look 
through  the  book,  from  the  interesting  nature  of  the  subject 
and  the  judicious  manner  in  which  it  seems  to  be  handled,  I 
anticipate  considerable  amusement  and  information.  The 
apology  for  the  publication  at  the  present  tim.e  is  well  con- 
ceived and  forms  a  just  discrimination  between  the  circumstan- 
ces of  our  own  and  some  other  countries.  The  troubles  in  your 
State  may,  as  you  justly  observe,  have  operated  in  proving  to 
the  comprehension  of  many  minds,  the  necessity  of  a  more  effi- 
cient government.  A  multiplicity  of  circumstances,  scarcely 
yet  investigated,  appears  to  have  co-operated  in  bringing  about 
the  great  and,  I  trust,  the  happy  revolution  that  is  on  the  eve 
of  being  accomplished.  It  will  not  be  uncommon  that  those 
things  which  were  considered  at  the  moment  as  real  ills  should 
have  been  no  inconsiderable  cause  in  producing  positive  and 
permanent  national  felicity  For  it  is  thus  that  Providence 
works  in  the  mysterious  course  of  events,  "From  seeming  evil 
still  educing  good."  I  was  happy  to  hear  from  several  respect- 
able quarters,  that  liberal  policy  and  federal  srntiuients  had 
been  rapidly  increasing  in  Massachusetts  for  some  time  past: 
it  gives  me  additional  pleasure  to  find  that  labor  is  becoming 
more  productive  and  commerce  more  flourishing  among  the 
citizens.  If  I  have  formerly  approved  myself  inclining  to  sub- 
serve the  public  interest,  by  fostering  youthful  merit,  I  shall 
now  claim  to  be  credited,  when  I  assert  that  ray  cordial  desires 
for  the  happiness  of  the  republic  and  the  prosperity  of  its 
friends  are  by  no  means  diminished  ;  and  particularly  when  I 
add  that,  with  great  esteem,  I  am,  sir, 

Your  most  obedient  and  most  humble  servant, 

G"'  Washington. 

W.  Tudor,  Esq. 


*  This  letter  referred  to  an  account  of  the  Shay's  rebellion  by  Judge 
Minot. 


XIX 


From  General  Knox. 

Head  Quarters,  Morris  Town,  4th  May,  1777. 
Dear  Judge  : — 

I  received  your  favor  by  the  post,  for  which  I  thank  you. 
The  arrivals  at  Boston  amply  make  up  the  loss  at  Danbury, 
which  was  very  great.  It  was  a  bold  push  if  they  thought  the 
people  would  have  opposed  them,  but  I  believe  they  were 
led  into  the  secret  by  "their  good  friends  the  tories,  who  have 
uniformly  deceived  them  ;  they  paid  a  full  Lexington  price  for 
the  pork  and  beef,  and  that  at  a  time  they  could  ill  afford 
it.  Reports  say  that  you  are  to  be  attacked  at  Boston  by  Gen- 
eral Burgoyne  with  10,000  Germans  and  3,000  British.  This 
may  or  may  not  be  true,  but  you  ought  to  be  prepared;  piers 
ought  to  be  sunk  between  the  Castle  and  Governor's  Island, 
and  batteries  erected  at  the  north  part  of  the  town.  But  I  am 
fearful  that  the  good  opinion  which  my  countrymen  have  of 
their  haibour  will  prevent  them  from  taking  the  only  method  to 
secure  the  town.  General  Howe  still  threatens  Philadelphia, 
but  our  force  is  now  so  respectable  that  we  dare  defy  him  to 
put  them  into  execution.  Pray  with  me  the  prevailing  senti- 
ments and  news. 

I  am,  dear  sir,  yours  hastily, 

H.  Knox. 


Colonel  W.  Tudor. 


INTRODUCTORY  NOTE  ON  THE  TUDOR 
GENEALOGY. 

The  Welsh  and  English  genealogy  here  given  is  de- 
rived from  the  sources  named.  The  descent  of  Deacon 
John  Tudor  from  John  Tadore  of  Penscoyd  through  Roger, 
Thomas  and  William,  though  not  proved  beyond  a  doubt, 
is  based  upon  the  following :  His  father's  name  was  Wil 
liam  Tudor,  and  his  grandfather's  name  was  Thomas  Tudor. 
The  family  seal  which  has  been  handed  down  and  the  seal 
on  the  old  letters,  bears  John  Tadore's  arms.  It  is  known 
that  his  father  died  not  long  after  his  birth,  and  before 
middle  age.  The  conclusion  seems  reasonable  that  he  was 
sixth  in  descent  from  John  Tadore.  The  arrangement  of 
the  American  descendants  has  been  as  far  as  possible  by 
families.  As  there  were  only  two  of  the  Deacon's  children 
who  have  left  descendants,  there  should  be  no  great 
difficulty  in  following  them.  The  members  of  the  first 
family  of  children  are  given  in  Roman  numerals.  The 
others  are  given  in  ordinary  figures.  The  figures  in  brack- 
ets at  the  side  of  the  name  indicate  merely  the  number 
each  has  in  their  respective  families.  The  figure  at  the  end 
of  the  Christian  name  indicates  the  generation.  The  Chris- 
tian names  in  brackets  after  the  name  are  the  ancestors 
of  name  of  Tudor ;  b.  means  born  ;  d.  means  died ;  S.  P. 
means  without  issue.  No  attempt  has  been  made  to  give 
any  of  the  titles,  or  college  degrees,  or  other  honors.  Only 
the  designation  by  which  they  were  commonly  known  as 
Colonel,  Doctor,  etc.     The  editor  is  greatly  indebted  to 


From  the  Herleian  Manuscripts  (  1187  fo.  28. 

containing  the  Heralds  Visitations  {  1188  fo.  11. 

for  the  County  of  Northampton,  161 5-18.  '  1553  fo.  11.  b 


Arms 

Or  a  lion  passant  sable,  charged  on  the  shoulder  with 

a  Martlett  between  three  annulets  of  the  second. 


JohnTadore  of  Penscoyde,Co. 
Flint,  Wales. 

Married  the  daughter  of 
Edward  Lloyd,  of  Yale,  Co. 
Flint,  Wales, 

Arms.  Paly  of  six  argent  or  gules,  a  bor- 
dure  sable,  charged  with  eight 
besanls. 

had  5  sons  ; 

1,  John  Tuder, 

2,  Ralph  Tuder, 

3,  Juan  Tuder, 

4,  Edward  Tuder, 

5,  Roger Tudor,ofWatlington, 
in  Co.  Oxon,  married  Mar- 
garet, daughter  of  Ham  let  t 
Hassold,  of  Nantwich  in 
Com.  Cestriae,  had  one  son  : 


Married  ist  Thomas  Tudor 

the  daughter  of  Walter  House, 
of  Emitforth  in  Com.  Cestriae, 
had  one  son  : 

Mathew  Tudor. 


Married  2d 
Dorothea,   daughter  of   Ed- 
ward Fowler  of  Tillesworth, 
Co.  Bedford,  had  one  son  : 
Thomas  Tudor. 

[Thus  far  the  Herald's  report.] 


His  son  (as  supposed)  William  Tudor, 

married  Mary,  and  had 

one  son  : 

Deacon  John  Tudor, 

born  between  Exeter,  Devonshire,  and  Topsham,  18  Sept.,  1709  (O.S.),  was 

brought  by  his  mother,  at  6  years  of  age,  in  i/H-iS-  to  Boston, 

New  England. 


Krrata  in  line  i    for  "  Herleian 


d  "  Harleian  "  and  in  line  9,  for  "or"  read  "and". 


XXI 

Mrs.  Rogers,  Richard  Sullivan,  Esq.,  George  H.  Rich- 
ards, Esq.,  and  Mr.  Hays  Gardiner,  for  kind  assistance  in 
procuring  family  records,  and  particular  thanks  are  due  to 
Frederick  Tuckerman,  Esq.,  of  Amherst,  for  much  infor. 
mation  regarding  the  Cooper  branch  of  the  family. 

It  was  the  intention  to  have  given  a  short  memoir  of 
Frederic  Tudor,  the  editor's  father,  and  his  first  struggles 
with  the  ice  trade  ;  but  this  properly  belongs  to  a  work  by 
itself.  There  are,  besides,  reasons  not  necessary  to  explain 
here  why  the  contemplated  work  has  been  abbreviated.  It 
is  doubtful  now  whether  the  copies  of  portraits  of  three  of 
the  Deacon's  grandsons  mentioned  in  the  introduction,  can 
be  done  in  time,  as  well  as  a  copy  of  Deacon  Tudor's  por- 
trait, and  a  picture  of  his  old  house  at  Nonantum  Hill, 
owing  to  objections  raised  by  the  custodian  of  the  papers 
which  delayed  the  publication.  The  notes  to  the  diary  and 
the  memoir  of  Colonel  Tudor  were  fortunately  finished,  as 
well  as  a  copy  of  the  Deacon's  will  for  the  present  volume. 
This  being  the  editor's  first  serious  literary  work  he  hopes 
that  any  errors  may  be  treated  leniently. 

W.  T. 


AMERICAN  DESCENDANTS. 
Deacon  John  Tudor »  of  the  Second  Church  in  Boston 
married  15  June  1732  (O.  S.)  Jane  Varney  b.  23  Feb.  1714 
he  died  iS  Mar.  1795.     She  died  23  Sep.  1795 

Their  children  were  six,  all  born  at  Boston,  Massachu- 
setts 

I  John  2  bap.  25  March  1733  (O.  S.)  d.  at  sea  29  Oct.  1756 
II  Mary  2  b.  17  Nov.  1734 

III  Jane  2  b.  30  June  1736 

IV  James  2  b.  19  Mar.  1740  "     d.  at  sea  11  Oct.  1756 
V  Elizabeth  2  b.  31  Mar.  1745    *' 

VI  William  2  b.  28  Mar.  1750      " 

VI  Colonel  William  2  Tudor   (John  i)  married  Delia  Jarvis 
5  March   1778  b.  18   Nov.    1753 

He  died  8  July  18 19  She  died  7  Sep.  1843 

at  Boston  at  Washington  D.  C. 

Their  children  were  eight 

1  Williams  b.  28  Jan,  1779  d.  S.  P.  at  Rio  9  Mar.    183O 

2  Delias  b.  21  Nov.  1780  d.  at  Boston  22  Nov.  1780 

3  John  Henrys  b.  13  April  1782  d.  S.  R  at  Philadelphia 

4  Frederics  b.  4  Sep.  1783  28  Jan.  1802 

5  Emma  Janes  b.  10  Mar.  1785 

6  Delias  b.  8  Jan.  1787 

7  James  S  b.  22  May  1789  d.  at  Boston  9  Aug.  1797 

8  Henry  James  3  b.  8  April  1791 

TUDOR,    STANLY. 
II  Mary  2  Tudor  (John  i)  married  Capt.  Thomas  Stanly  on 
(O.  S.)  21  Jan.  1755  her  first  husband 
Their  child  was 

Thomas  S  b.  15  Jan.  17^6  (O.  S.)  d.  (drowned)  27  Nov. 
1774.  Her  second  husband,  married  28  May  1760, 
was  James  Thompson.  There  was  no  issue  by  this 
marriage.     He  d.  15  May  1783 


XXIII 
TUDOR,  THOMPSON. 

Ill  Jane  2  Tudor   (John  i)  married  William  Thompson  on 

14  May  1754.     She  died   28  Mar.  1791.     He  died 

15  May  1787 

Their  children  were  four 

1  John  Tudor  3  b.  15  Oct.  1757  d.  17^8  S.  P. 

2  Williams  b.  24 July  1760  d.  14  May  1780  S.  P. 

3  James  3  b.  6  Jan,  1767  d.  7  Dec    1783  S.  P. 

4  Henry  3  b.  20  Feb.  1771  d.  18  Jnne  1775  S.  P. 

TUDOR,    SAVAGE. 

V  Elizabeth  2  Tudor  (John  i)  married  Habijah  Savage  on 
9  May  1765.     She  died  i  Feb.  1788 
Their  children  were  eleven 

1  John  3  b.  18  Apr.  1766  d.  S.  P. 

2  Jane  3  b.  17  Feb.  1768 

3  Elizabeths  b.  15  Apr.  1770 

4  Deborahs  b.  2  Mar.  1772  d.  unmarried 

5  Habijah  3  b.  24  Aug.  1775  d.  i  Oct.  1776 

6  Williams  b.  28  Aug.  1777  d.  4  Nov.  1778 

7  Williams  b.  30  Aug.  1779 

8  Habijah  3  b.  5  July  1781  d.  S.  P. 

9  James  3  b.  13  July  1784 

10  Thomas  3  b.  1 1  Feb.  1786 

11  Arthurs  b.  i  Feb.  1787,  married  late  in  life,  died  S.  P. 

(7)  Williams  Savage  (John  i  Elizabeth  2)  married  ist  Mary 
Ingersoll,  married  2d  Harriet  Hooper  of  Newbury- 
port.     There  were  no  children  by  2^  marriage.     He 
died  30  June  185 1 
Their  child  by  first  marriage  was 
Mary  Elizabeth  4  b.  i  Oct.  1807 


Addenda,  to  line  4  below  Tudor,  Savage,  add  "  at  Boston  13  June  1838," 
to  line  7  ditto,  add  "  March  1831",  to  line  11  ditto,  add  "  at  St.  Pierre, 
Martinique,  i8  April  1803",  to  line  13  ditto,  add  "  d.  at  New  Orleans  18 
July  1836  ". 


XXIV 

(9)  James  3  Savage  (John  i  Elizabeth  2)  married  April  1823 

Elizabeth  Otis,  widow  of  James  Otis  Lincoln.     He 
died  8  March  1873 
Their  children  were  four 

1  Emma  4  b.  4  March  1824,  married  20  June,  1845  Prof. 

William  Barton  Rogers  of  the  University  of  Virginia 
b.  Dec.  1804  in  Philadelphia,  President  and  founder 
of  the  Mass.  Inst,  of  Technology,  who  died  S.  P.  30 
May  1882 

2  Harriet  4  b.   10   Oct.  1826,  d.  18  July  1854,  married  6 

Nov.   185 1  Amos  Binney  of  Boston 
They  had  one  child  Lucy  b.  30  Oct.  1852  d.  8  May  1854 

3  Lucy  4  b.  II  Sep.  1829  d.  11  May  1850 

4  James  4  b.  21  April  1832,  Lieut.  Col.  2d  Mass.  Vol.  d. 

22  Oct.  1862  of  wounds  at  Charlottesville,  Va., 
after  battle  of  Cedar  Mountain  9  Aug.  1862 

(10)  Thomas  3    (John  i    Elizabeth2)    married   Lydia  V.  de 

Foucade 
Their  children  were  three 

1  Thomas  Francis  4  b.  1814  d.  1816 

2  James  Osgood  4  b.   15  Aug.   1819,  M.  D.   1839,  d.  21 

July  1 86 1  at  Havana,  S.  P. 

3  Thomas  4  b.  27  Aug.  1823.     He  married  first  in  1850 

Mary  D.  Lucena 
Their  children  by  first  marriage  were  six 

1  Thomas  Emanuel  5  b.  17  April  1853 

2  Nicholas  5  b.  26  May  1854  d.  26  May  1854 

3  Josephines  b.  1855  d.  1855 

4  Mary  Mercedes  5  b.  8  Jan.  1857 

5  Emma  Blanches  b.  26  Aug.  1858 

6  James  S  b.  i860  d.  i860     He  married  second,  20  Jan. 

1870  at  Panama  Antonia  Maldonado 
The  child  by  second  marriage  was 

7  Arthurs  b.  5  Dec.  1872  d.  26  March  1873 


H.J.T 


-C^d^v^ 


XXV 

TUDOR. 

(4)  Frederic  3  Tudor  (John  i  William  2)  married  at  Mt. 
Upton,  N.  Y.  2  Jan.  1834,  Euphemia  Fenno,  b.  6  Apr. 
1 8 14,  daughter  of  Upton  Fenno  and  Euphemia 
Johnston.  He  died  6  Feb.  1864  at  Boston.  She 
died  9  Mar.  1884  at  Newbury,  Vt. 
Their  children  were  six 

1  Euphemia  4  b.  18  Feb.  1837 

2  Frederic  4  b.  11  Feb.  1845 

3  Delia  Jarvis4  b.  20  Mar.  1847 

4  William  4  b.  27  Sep.  1848 

5  Eleonora  Elizabeth  4  b.  i  July  1850 

6  Henry  4  b.  21  Jan.  1854 

(8)   Henry    James  3    Tudor    (John  i    William  2)    married 
5   Aug.  1844  Fanny  Hortense  Foster,  b.  25  Dec. 
1 8 16,  daughter  of  James  Foster. 
He  died  at  Boston  27  Nov.  1864.      She  died  at  Paris, 

France,  i  Apr.  1892 
Their  children  were  three 

1  Fanny  4  b.  18  Feb.  1846  d.  18  Dec.  1855  at  Bo.ston 

2  Emma 4  b.  1848  d.  28  May  1850  at  Boston 

3  Virginia4b.  27  May  i85od.  I9july  1886  at  Paris,  France 
(2)  Frederic  4  Tudor  (John  i  William  2  Frederic  3)  married 

in  Boston  24  June  1867,  Louisa  Simes,  b.  20  Sep. 
1845,  adopted  daughter  of  Joseph  Simes  of  Plym- 
outh 
Their  children  are  five 

1  Frederics  b.  26  Mar.  1869 

2  Marie  Louises  b.  23  July  1870 

3  Emma  Cecile  S  b.  25  Mar.  1871 

4  Euphemia  S  b.  7  Sep.  1875 

5  Rosamonds  b.  20  June  1878 


XXVI 

(4)  William  4  Tudor  (John  i  William  2  Frederic  3)  married 
at  Paris,  France,  24  May,  1873,  Elizabeth  Whitwell, 
b.  29  April  185 1,  daughter  of  William  Scollay  Whit- 
well and  Mary  Hubbard 
Their  children  are  five. 

1  Henry  Dubois  5  b.  30  Oct,  1874  at  Paris,  France 

2  William  5  b.  14  Jan.  1876  at  Boston 

3  Elizabeths  b.  27  Nov.  1878  at  Boston 

4  Delia  AimeeS  b.  22  Apr,  1880  at  Marietta,  Georgia 

5  Marys  b.  30  July  1886  at  Paris,  France 

TUDOR,    KLECZKOWSKI. 

(i)  Euphemia4  Tudor  (John  i  William  2  Frederic  3)  mar- 
ried at  Singapore,  India,  12  April  1872  Michel  Alex- 
andre Cholevva,  Count  Kleczkowski,  b.  28  Feb.  18 18, 
only  son  of  Count  Joseph  Kleczkowski  and  Julie 
Sobieska,  a  direct  descendant  of  John  Sobieski, 
King  of  Poland.  He  died  26  Mar.  1886 
Their  children  are  four 

1  Euphemia  Alice  Alexandrine  Marie  S  b.  18  Apr.  1863 

at  Pekin,  China,  married  at  Paris,  France,  Barnard 
Hutchinson,  son  of  Alcander  Hutchinson,  formerly 
of  Boston 

2  Eleonora  Delia  Julie  Aimee  5  b.   3  Jan.  1866  at  Paris, 

France 

3  Frederic  Tudor  Alexandre  Paul  Henry  S  b.  17  Oct  1871 

at  Versailles,  France 

4  Yvonne  Jeanne   Michelene    Isabelle  VirginieS   b.   25 

Feb.  1880  at  Paris,  France 


XXVII 

TUDOR,    WILMER. 

(3)      Delia  Jarvis*  Tudor  (John  ^  William^  Frederic^)  mar- 
ried  in  Boston   15  June   1871   Skipvvith  Wilmer  b. 
21  Feb.  1843  a  son  of  Bishop  Joseph  Wilmer  and 
Helen  Skipwith  of  Virginia  she  died  15  Oct.  1879 
Their  children  were  four 

1  Ephemia  Fenno'''  b.  28  April  1872  d.  5  May  1873 

2  Joseph  Pere  Bell^  b.  5  Sep.  1873  d.  i   June  1874 

3  Helen  Skipwith^  b.  2  Aug.  1876 

4  Delia  Tudor  ^  b.  10  Oct.  1879 


TUDOR,    HART. 

(5)      Eleonora  Elizabeth*  Tudor   (John  ^    William^    Fred- 
eric^)   married  in    Boston  4   Oct.   1871   Frederick 
Lestrange    Hart  of  Montreal    Canada  b.    27   Jan. 
1851 
Their  children  are  four 

1  Mary  Edith  Effie  Tudor^  b.  19  Sep.  1872 

2  Ernest  Percyval  Tudor  ^  b.  27  Dec.  1873 

3  Edith  Ethel  Alice  ^  b.  8  Mar.  1876 

4  William  Owen  Tudor  ^  b.  20  Feb.  1884 

TUDOR,  GARLAND. 

(2)     Marie    Louise^    Tudor    (John,^    William,^   Frederic,^ 
Frederic*)   married  20  Sep.  1893  at  Boston  James 
Albert  Garland  of  New  York  b.   26    Nov.  1870 
Their  children  are  two 

James  Albert^  b.  10  May  1894 

Tudor^  b.  9  July  1895 


XXVIII 

TUDOR,    CONVERSE. 
(3)     Emma   Cecile^   Tudor    (John/   William,^    Frederic,* 
Frederic*)    married   at  Boston  6  June  1894  Fred- 
erick Shepherd  Converse  of  Newton  b.  5  Jan.  1871 
They  have  one  child 
Emma  Louise^  b.  i  April  1895 

TUDOR,    GARDINER. 

(5)  Emma  Jane^  Tudor  (John  ^  William  2)  married  in  1805 

Robert  Hallowell  Gardiner.      He  was  b.    1782   d. 
1864.     She  died  1865 
Their  children  were  nine 

1  Emma  Jane  *  b.  1806  d.  1845  S.  P. 

2  Anne  Hallowell*  b.  1807 

fb.    1809  m.    1842    Sarah    Fenwick 

3  Robert  Hallowell*^       Jones  b.  1814  d.  1869 

(Hed.  1886  S.  P. 

4  Delia    Tudor*  5  b.  181 2  m.  1834  George  Jones 
^  ^d.  S.  P.  1836 

5  Lucy  Vaughan*  b.  1814  d.  1847  S.  P. 

6  John  William  Tudor*  b.  18 17 

7  Henrietta*  b.   1820  m.    1846   Richard  Sullivan    She  d. 

S.  P.  1880 

8  Frederic*  b.  11  Sep.  1822  at  Oaklands  Maine 

9  Eleanor  Harriet*  b.  16  July  1825  at  Oaklands  Maine 

(6)  Colonel  John  William  Tudor*  Gardiner  (John  ^  Will- 

iam^ Emma  Jane  ^)    Married  in   1854  Anne  Eliza- 
beth (Hays)  West  b.  1821  he  died  1879 
Their  children  were  six 

1  Robert  HallowelP  b.  1855 

2  Eleanor  **  b.  1857 


XXIX 

3  Ann  Hays  ^  b.  1859  d.  i860 

4  Francis  Richards^  b.  i860  d.  1880 

5  John  Hays 


6  John  Tudor 


•  twins  b.  1863 


TUDOR,    GARDINER,    RICHARDS 

(2)      Anne    HallowelP  Gardiner   (John, ^  WiUiam.^  Emma 
Jane  3)  married  1832  at  Gardiner  Me.  Francis  Rich- 
ards b.  1805.     She  died  1858.    He  died  1858 
Their  children  were  seven 

1  Francis  Gardiner  ^b.  10  June  1833 

2  George  Henry  ^  b.  1837  d.  1837 

3  George  Henry  ^b.  14  June  1838 

4  Sarah  5  b.  2  Jan.  1840  d.  2d  Sept.  1855 

5  John  Tudor  ^  b.  23  July  1841 

6  Robert  Hallowell^  b.  26  Aug  1844  married  4  June  1875 

Ellen  H.  Swallow 

7  Henry  ^  b.  17  July  1848 

(i)     Francis  Gardiner^  Richards   (John^  William ^  Emma 
Jane  2)  married  in  1807  Annie  Ashburner,  daughter 
of  Samuel  Ashburner  of  London  Eng.     He  died  10 
Feb.  1884 
Their  children  are  two 

1  Francis  Ashburner^  b.  22  Feb.  1880 

2  Anne  Hallowell'^  b.  Aug.  1881 

(5)     John  Tudor  ^  Richards  (John,^  William .^  Emma  Jane 3) 
married  in  Paris  France  18  June  1870  Cora  Howard, 
daughter  of  Benjamin  Chandler  Howard 
Their  children  are  four 


XXX 

1  Amy  ^  b.  15  July  1871 

2  Madeleine^  b.  26  Oct  1873 

3  Dorothy^  b.  15  Mar.  1877  d.  30  Oct.  1878 

4  Ruth''  b.  4  May  1881 

(7)  Henry ^    Richards    (John^    William^    Emma    Jane") 

married     17    June     1871    Laura    Elizabeth    Howe, 
daughter  of  Dr.  Samuel  S.  Howe  and  Julia  Ward. 
Their  children  are  seven 

1  Alice  Maud^b.  24  June  1872 

2  Rosalind  ^  h.  30  June  1874 

3  Henry  Howe  ^  b.  23  Feb.  1876 

4  Julia  Ward^  b.  30  Aug.  1878 

5  Maud«  b.  7  Nov.  1881  d.  11  Oct.  1882 

6  John^b.  13  Feb  1884 

7  Laura  Elizabeth^  b.  12  Feb.  1886 

(8)  Rev  Frederic  *  Gardiner  (John,^  William,^  Emma  Jane ") 

married  25  Aug   1846  Caroline  Vaughan  daughter 
of  William  Vaughan  of  Hallowell  Me.  he  died  17 
July  1889 
Their  children  were  five 

1  Emma  Jane^  b.  16  Oct  1847  at  Saco  Me 

2  William  Tudor  ^  b.  8  Apr.    1856  at  Lewiston  Me  d.   21 

Dec  1862  at  Gardiner  Me. 

3  Frederic^  b.  5  Apr.  1858  at  Oaklands  Me. 

4  Henrietta^  b.  26  Feb  i860  at  Oaklands  Me 

5  Alfred^  b.   12  Apr    1862   at   Gardiner  d.    i  Aug  1877, 

drowned  at  Swan  Island  Me. 

(i)  Robert  Hallowell'  Gardiner  (John/  William,^  Emma 
Jane^)  married  Alice  Bangs,  daughter  of  Edward 
Bangs  of  Boston 


XXXI 

Their  children  are  five 

1  Robert  Hallowell*'  b.  5  Nov.  1882 

2  AHce^  b.  24  Feb.  1885 

3  Silvester «  b.  11  Jan.  1888  d.  15  May  1889 

4  Anna  Lowell"  b.  9  Sep.  1890 

5  William  Tudor  *^  b.  12  June  1892 

(3)   Rev.    Frederic^    Gardiner     (John/    William,^    Emma 
Jane^)   married    1885   Sallie    Merrick    daughter   of 
William  H.  Merrick  of  Germantown  Penn. 
Their  children  are  three 

1  Frederic  Merrick"  b.  27  June  1887  at  Sioux  Falls  S.  D. 

2  William  Henry"  b.  5  May  1890  at  Philadelphia 

3  Frances  Vaughan"  b.  16  Sep.  1892  at  Pomfret  Conn. 

TUDOR,  GARDINER,  FERGUSON, 
(i)   Emma  Jane^  Gardiner  ;(John,^  William,^  Emma  Jane'^) 
married  on   15  Oct  1873   Rev  Henry  Ferguson  of 
Stamford  Conn. 
Their  children  are  four 

1  Samuel"  b.  19  Nov.  1874 

2  Eleanor  Margaret"  b.  30  June  1876 

3  Henry  Gardiner"  b.  21  June  1882 

4  Charles  Vaughan"  b.  15  Aug.  1885 

TUDOR,  SAVAGE,  COOPER 
(3)  Elizabeth^  Savage  (John ^  Elizabeth ^)  married  at  Bos- 
ton 23  June  1791.  John  Cooper  b.  13  Dec.  1765 
at  Boston  Son  of  William  Cooper  and  Katharine 
Wendell.  She  died  at  Machias  Me.  13  July  1854, 
he  died  at  Cooper  Me.  18  Nov.  1845 
Their  children  were  nine 


XXXII 

1  John  Tudor  ^  b.  6  June  1792  d.  S.  P.  22  March  1812  at 

Cambridge 

2  WilHam*  b.  3  Jan.  1794 

3  Emma  EHzabeth*  b.  20  July  1796 

4  Charles  Wendell"^  b.  17  May  1798  d.  S.  P.  2  June  1825 

at  Havana  Cuba 

5  Samuel*  b.  2  June  1800  d.  6  Apr.  1804  Machias  Me. 

6  James  Sullivan''  b.  10  Oct.  1802 

7  Thomas  Savage*  b,  6   July   1805    d.   21    July  1805   at 

Machias 

8  Caroline  Savage*  b.  28  April  1808 

9  Arthur    Savage*  b.    9    May    181 1    d.    21   Feb.  1818   at 

Machias 

(2)   William*  Cooper   (John ^  Elizabeth 2)   married  8  Aug. 
1826  EHza  Balch  Button  of  Lubec  Me.  b.   15  Dec. 
1803.     He  died  27  Aug.    1875  at  Dennyville  Me. 
She  died  16  Jan.  1844 
Their  children  were  nine 

1  William  Savage^  b.  25  July  1827 

2  Elizabeth  Button^  b.  19  Nov.  1828 

3  Emma  Porter^  b.  27  Aug.  1830 

4  Caroline  Pearson^  b.  11  Jan.  1832  d.  S.  P.  16  Bee.  1877 

at  Bennysville  Me. 

5  Helen  Marston^  b.  26  July  1834 

6  Harriet  Coolidge'^  b.  8  June   1836  d.  S.  P.  9  May  1841 

at  Cooper  Me. 

7  John^  b.  22  Nov.  1838  d.  24  Nov.  1838  at  Cooper 

8  Mary^  b.  7  Sep.  1839 

9  Harriet  Cooledge  b.  4  Sep.  1841 

(6)  James  Sullivan*  Cooper   (John  ^  Elizabeth  2)   married 
first  at  Boston  28  May  1832   Mary  Elizabeth  Sav- 


in lii 


Errata  in  line  7  for  "  1804  Machias  "  read  "  1804  at  Machias 
16  for  "  Dennyville  "  read  "  DennysviUe  »  and  in  line  17  for  "  16  Jan.  1844 
read  "13  July  1854". 


XXXIII 

age*  daughter  of  William  Savage'*  of  Boston.     She 
died  7  Apr.  1842 
Their  children  were  three 

1  Mary  IngersolP  b.  3  March  1833  unmarried. 

2  William  Savage  ^  b.   26  Dec.   1837   ^-  26  Sep    1839  at 

Calais  Me 

3  Harriet   Savage*  b.    16  Sep.    1841   d.    16  Sep   1842  at 

Calais  Me.     He  married  second  at  Haverhill  Mass   i 
Oct.   1845  Abigail  IngersoU   Girdler  b.    10  May  18 17 
daughter  of  Capt.  John  Girdler  and  Abigail  IngersoU 
He  died  28  July  1870  at  Amherst  Mass 
Their  children  were  four 

4  Elizabeth  Savage*  b.  21  Sep.  1846 

5  James  IngersoU*  b.  7  Apr.  1849 

6  Charles  Wendell*  b.  16  May  185 1 

7  Alice  Girdler*  b.  15  June  1857 

(i)  Wilham  Savage*  Cooper  (John^  Elizabeth  2)  married 
at  Sonora  Cal.  17  May  1864  Sarah  Jane  Darhng. 
They  have  one  child 
I  Jennie  May  b.  6  May  1865  at  Sonora  Cal. 
(6)  Charles    Wendell*    Cooper  M.D.   (John^    Elizabeth 2) 
married    at    New    York    8     Sep.    1861     EHzabeth 
Savage  ^  Porter,  daughter  of  John  Cooper  *  Porter,  ot 
St.  Louis 
Their  children  are  two 

1  Anna  Porter^  b.  30  Oct.  1885  at  Northampton  Mass. 

2  Ruth^  b.  31  Mar.  1891  at  Northampton  Mass. 

TUDOR,    SAVAGE,    COOPER. 
(3)      Emma  Elizabeth  *  Cooper  (John,^  Elizabeth  ^)  married 
at   Machias  20  Oct.  1820  Rufus  King  Porter     She 
died  26  Oct  1827  at  Portland   Me. 
Their  children  were  four 


XXXIV 

1  Emma  Jane  '  b.  4  Sept  1821  d.  19  July  1866.  S.  P. 

2  Charles  WendelP  b.  i  May  1823 

3  John  Cooper^  b.  6  Feb.  1825 

4  Caroline  Elizabeth^  b.  20  Nov.  1826 

(8)     Caroline  Savage*  Cooper  (John^  Elizabeth"^)  married 
at  Cooper  Me  28  Nov.  1836  Rev.    William  John 
Newman  of  Andover  Mass     She  died  3  Sep.  1871 
at  Andover 
They  had  one  child 
I   Emma  Elizabeth  ^  b.  8  Mar  1838  at  Stratham  N.  H. 

(2)  Elizabeth  Button^  Cooper  (John  ^  Elizabeth  2)  mar- 
ried first  29  Oct  1853  Hon  Luther  Stearns  Cushing 
there  was  no  issue  to  this  marriage  &  she  on  17 
Nov.  1858  married  second  Rev  Edward  Henry 
Buck  She  died  24  June  1862 
They  had  one  child 
I   Amelia  Duryee  ®  b.  3  Dec.  1859 

(5)      Helen  Marston  ^  Cooper  fjohn^  Elizabeth  2)  married 
8  Feb  1864,  George  E.  Bugbee 
Their  children  are  three  all  born  at  Oakland  Cal. 

1  George  Louis  ^  b.  June  1869 

2  Alice  Cooper^  b.  i  Sep.  1871 

3  Frederick  WiUiam "  b.  i  Dec.  1875 

(8)   Mary''    Cooper    (John  ^    Elizabeth^)    married    12  Jan. 
1864,  Frederick  J.  Gardner 
Their  children  are  two 

1  Maria  Lincoln  ®  b.  9  Mar  1868  at  Dennysville,  Me. 

2  Harriet  Cooper**  b.  31  Aug  1870  at  Dennysville,  Me. 


XXXV 

(9)   Harriet  Coolidge'*  Cooper  (John  ^  Elizabeth  "^  married 
24  Oct  1867  Edward  B.  Kelly 
They  had  one  child 
I   Frank  Edward''  b.  16  July  1868  d.  10  Aug  1868 

(4)   Elizabeth  Savage '"^  Cooper  (John^  Elizabeth  2)  married 
13   Oct   187s    at  Amherst  Mass,  Dr.  John  Gilbert 
Stanton 
They  have  one  child 
I   Alice  Cooper^  b.  27  July  1879  at  New  London 

(7)   Alice    Girdler^    Cooper    (John^    Elizabeth 2)    married 
6  Sep.  1 88 1  at  Amherst,  Frederick  Tuckerman  of 
Amherst  Mass 
Their  children  are  two 

1  Margaret  b.  6  June  1884 

2  Frederika  b.  23  April  1888 

TUDOR,  SAVAGE,  COOPER,  PORTER 

(2)  Charles  WendelP  Porter   (John^  EHzabeth^)   married 

at  Batavia  111.  i   Sep   1864  Susan  Ellen  Lockwood 
daughter  of  Hon.  Samuel  D.  Lockwood  Associate 
Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  111. 
Their  children  are  three 

1  Mary  King"  b. 

2  Harriet  Eager''  b. 

3  Anna  Lockwood  ^  h. 

(3)  John  Cooper^  Porter  (John^  Elizabeth 2)  married  at  St. 

Louis,   9  June    1852,    Anna  McKee.     She  died  23 
Nov.   1867 
Their  children  were  two 

1  Elizabeth  Savage  ^  b.  9  April  1853  at  St  Louis 

2  Charles  Wendell «  b.  9  Mar.  1866  at  St  Louis 


Errata  in  line  8th  from  bottom,  for  "  Eager  b."read  "  Eddy  b.  27  Oct.  1867  ". 
Addenda,  to  line  loth  from  bottom  add  "born  at  Batavia,  111."     To  line 
9th  ditto,  add  "  8  June  1865  ",  to  line  7th  ditto   add  "  15  June  1869  ". 


XXXVI 

(i)   Amelia  Duryee^  Buck  (John,'  Elizabeth')  married  at 
Philadelphia  26  Sep.  1893,  Lyman  Johnson 
They  have  one  child 
I  Barbara^  b.  11  Nov.  1894  at  Sioux  Rapids  Iowa 

TUDOR,  SAVAGE,  BRUCE. 
Jane^  Savage  (John  ^  Elizabeth  ^)  married  Phineas  Bruce 
lawyer  b.  7  Jan.  (or  June)  1762  son  of  George 
Bruce  &  Hannah  Lovett  of  Mendon  Mass.  at 
Machias,  March  1795  she  died  at  Cambridge  Mass 
1845  he  died  in  Uxbridge  Mass.  9  Oct.  1809 
Their  children  were  six,  all  born  at  Machias 

1  George  W.^  b.  7  Jan.  1796 

2  Henry  ^  b.  12  Feby.  1798 

3  Edward^  b.  3  July  1799 

4  Mary''  b.  7  June  1801  d.  25  Nov.  1801 

5  James  Savage*  b.  25  Nov.  1802 

6  William  Savage*  b.  28  Nov.  1804 

Commodore  Henry*  Bruce  U.  S.  Navy  (John'  Elizabeth') 
married  Miss  Marston  b.  he  died  she  died 

Their  children  were  six 

1  Jane^b.  d.  unmarried 

2  Eliza  ^  b.  married  Mr.  Ryan  and  left  one  child 

3  (James)  ^? 
4 

5  Mary^'b.  d.  unmarried 

6  Sarah  ^  h.  married  Philip  Voorhees,  son  of  Ad- 

miral Philip  K.  Voorhees 
James  Savage*  Bruce  (John'  Elizabeth  2)  married 
Their  children  were  two 

1  James  ^  b.  d.  young 

2  Emma^  b.  d.  unmarried 


XXXVII 

TUDOR,    STEWART 
(6)      Delia  ^  Tudor  (John  ^  William  2)  married  Charles  Stew- 
art Commodore  U.  S.  Navy  on  25  Nov  18 1 3  b. 
she  died  7   Sept  1861   at  Dublin  Ire.  he  died 
Their  children  were  three 

1  Charles  Tudor*  b.  d.  S.  P.  Rome  8  apr  1874 

2  DeHa  Tudor*  b.  18 14 
3 

TUDOR,    STEWART,    PARNELL. 
(2)      Deha  Tudor  *  Stewart   (John,^  William,^  Delia^)  mar- 
ried May    1834  John  Henry  Parnell  of  Avondale 
Ireland  b.  181 1  d.  1859 
Their  children  are  ten 

1  Delia  Stewart^  b.  1837  m-  James  Thomson  d.  188 

2  Hayes^b.  d.  1853  Nice  France 

3  Emily  5  b.  m.  1865  Capt  Dickinson 

4  Sophia^  b.  m.    Alfred    MacDermott  Barrister   of 

Dublin.     She  died  but  left  children 

5  John  Howard^  b. 

6  Charles  Stewart^  b.  28   June    1846  m.  Kate  O'Shea  25 

June  1 89 1  d.  S.  P.  at  Brighton  Eng.  6  Oct.  1891 

7  Fanny  ^  b.  1848  d.  1882  at  Boston  Mass.  S.  P. 

8  Annie  Mercer^  b. 

9  Henry  Tudor  ^  b.  1850 

10  Theodosia^  b.  m.  Lieut.  Claude  Paget 


INDEX   OF   NAMES   IN   DIARY. 


Acworth,  Capt.  C,  49. 
Adams,  John,  25,  34. 
Amherst,  Colonel,  14. 
General,  9. 
Anson,  Admiral,  4. 
Appleton,  Rev.  N.,  20. 
Arnold,  Gen.  B.,  63. 
Atkins,  Deliverance,  1 10. 

Capt.  H.,  7. 
Attucks,  C.,  3^. 
Austin,  S.,  63. 
Avery,  John,  86. 
Ayscough,  J.,  48. 

Barclay,  A.,  48. 

Bernard,  Governor,  11,  28. 

Bishop,  T.,  48. 

Boscowin,  Admiral,  9. 

Bowdoin,Lieut.-Gov.  James,  85. 

Boylston,  Dr.  Z.  L.,  8. 

Bromadge,  H.,  48. 

Brown,  Deacon,  loi. 

Bruce,  Capt.  J.,  44. 

Bryant,  J.,  46. 

Bunker,  G.,  58. 

Burgoyne,  General,  70. 

Burke,  E.,  25. 

Bute,  Lord,  18. 

Caner,  Rev.  Dr.  Henry,  96. 
Carr,  P.,  31. 
Caldwell,  J.,  33. 
Charlotte,  Queen,  II,  14. 
Chauncy,  Rev.  Dr.,  100. 
Clark,  Dr.  J.,  25,  100. 
R.,  44. 


Clinton,  General,  73. 
Codman,  John,   105. 
Coffin,  Capt.  H.,  21,  44. 
Colville,  Lord,  14. 
Collins,  Lieutenant,  48, 
Colman,  Dr.,  85. 
Cooledge,  M.,  54,  83. 
Cooper,  J.,  22,  103,  104. 

Rev.  S.,  22,  85,  99,  100. 

Capt.  T.,  22. 

W.,  22,  23,  85,  106. 

Rev.W.,  3,  22,85. 
Cornwallis,  Lord,  89. 
Cras,  E.  L.,  48. 
Gushing,  Judge  J.,  57. 

Justice  W.,  57. 
Cutler,  Dr.  T.,  i. 
Cornwallis,  Lord,  89. 

Dana,  R.,  31. 

Dalrymple,  Colonel,  27,  33,  34, 

35- 
Davenport,  Rev.  Addington,  96. 
Davis,  Caleb,  86. 
Dawson,  G.,  48. 
DeGrasse,  Count,  90. 
DeKamsey,  10. 
Douglas,  Dr.  W.,  7,  8. 

Eckley,  Rev.  J.,  78. 
Eliot,  Dr.  A.,  74,  79. 
Rev.  J.,  79. 

Faneuil,  B.,  Jr.,  44. 
Fluker,  T.,  37. 
Foster,  J.,  74. 


Franklin,  19. 
Freeman,  S.,  64. 

Rev.  Dr.  James,    95, 
96. 

Gage,  General,  28,  46,  50. 
Gambler,  Commodore,  36. 
Gates,  General,  70. 
George  IL,  King,  2,  11. 

IIL,  King,  II,  23,63. 

IV.,  Prince,  14. 
Goldsmith,  J.  B.,  i. 
Gordon,  Rev.  W.,  59. 
Grant,  W.,  48. 
Graves,  Admiral,  46,  48,  53,  55. 

Thos.,  48. 
Gray,  Rev.  E.,  i,  2,  5,  6,  8,  87, 

102. 
Gray,  S.,  33. 

Greenough,  Deacon,  87,  10 1. 
Gridley,  58. 

Hall,  Capt.  J.,  44. 
Hallowell,  B.,  18. 

R.  H.,  18. 

Captain,  14. 
Hancock,  J.,  26,  33,  42,  62,  66, 

85,  107. 
Hartwell,  B.,  48. 
Henshaw,  Andrew,  86. 
Higginson,  Stephen,  105. 
Hoar,  D.,  48. 
Holmes,  G.,  4,  5. 
Hopkins,  Capt.  J.  B.,  77. 

Adml.  Esek,  77. 

Jno.,  53. 


Howe,  T.,  48. 
Hunter,  W.,  48. 
Hutchinson,  Ed.,  9. 

Elisha,  44. 

Thos.,    19,    20,    31, 
34,  37.  44- 

Ivers,  J.,  42. 

Jarvis,  Delia,  7,  1 10. 

Deliverance  A.,  no. 

Elias,  Jr.,  no. 
Johnson,  General,  9. 

Knight,  J.,  48. 
Knox,  Gen,  H.,  37. 

Larabee,  Capt.  J.,  6. 
Lathrop,  Rev.  Mr,,  87, 
Lee,  General,  73. 
Dea.  T.,  29. 
L'Etonibe,  de,  76. 
Lewis,  Thomas,  109. 

Thomas,  Jr.,  109. 
Lovett,  Captain,  89. 
Lyon,  Rev.  Mr.,  105, 
Macartney,  J.,  48. 
Maltby,  W.,  48. 
Marshall,  T„  62, 
Mather,  C„  8, 
Matthews,  Admiral,  3. 
Maverick,  S.,  33. 
Medows,  E.,  48. 
Monkton,  General,  13. 
Montague,  G.,  48. 
J.,  48. 
Montcalm,  General,  10, 
Montgomery,  General,  63. 
Mowatt,  Lieut.  S.,  48, 

Newell,  T.,  62. 


Noailles,  Marquis  de,  2, 
Nunn,  J.,  48. 

Oliver,  Andrew,  17,  18,    28,  37, 

40, 
Otis,  Mercy,  64. 

James,  64,  105. 

Rarsons,  Rev.  Mr.,  35. 
Pemberton,  Rev.  E.,  35,  70,  87, 

102. 
Pepperell,  W.,  4. 
Percy,  Lord.,  51. 
Perkins,  Dr.  J.,  7,  16. 
Pitt,  W.,  23. 
Pitts,  J.,  62. 
Prescott,  Colonel,  58. 
Preston,  Capt.  T.,  31,  34,  37. 
Proctor,  Colonel  Edward,  98. 
Putnam,  General,  57,  58,  60. 

Riccioli,  II. 

Ridgway,  Deacon,  102. 

Roach,  F.,  44, 

Robbins,  Rev,  Chandler,  loi. 

Robinson,  Capt,  J.,  48, 

Roby,  Henry,  109, 

Savage,  Betsey,  103,  108, 

Deborah,  54. 

Elizabeth  Tudor,  22,  53 
54,  103,  108. 
Savage,  Habijah,  53,  54. 

James,  103,  105. 

Jane,  103. 

William,  103,  105. 
Scollay,  J.,  62. 
Sewall,  Rev.  J,,  15,  32, 
Smith,  Captain,  27, 
Col,  F.,  51. 
Snow,  53. 


Tudor, 


Stanly,  T.,  49,  93. 

Capt.  T.,  49, 
Story,  W.,  18, 
Sumner,  41. 

Thacher,  Rev.  P.,  i,  29,  57,  79. 
Thompson,  Charles,  66. 

James,  96. 

Mary,  94,  108. 

William,  93. 

Thornborough,  E.,  48, 
Tileston,  John,  103, 
Town,  5. 
Townshend,  27, 

Delia,  108,  109,  no. 
Delia  J. 
Emma  Jane,  18. 
Frederic,  105. 
James,  7,  104. 
Jane,  7,  53,  108. 
Deacon  John,  5,  8,  22,  29, 
32,  42,  49,  53,  54,  98, 
loi,  102,  109,  no. 
John,  I,  7,  94,  105, 
Mary,  7,  49, 
Col,  William,  7,   16,    18, 

20,  54,  59,  67,  75. 
William,  105. 
Turrell,  Mrs.,  29. 

Vandeput,  G.,  48. 
Varney,  Jane,  t, 
Vernon,  Admiral,  3. 

Wallace,  T.,  48. 
Ward,  Gen.  A.,  58,  59. 

J-  54. 
Warren,  Commodore,  4. 

J.,  63. 

Dr.  John,  100. 


Warren,  Gen.  Joseph,  lOO.  Welsteed,  Rev.   W.,  i,  2,   5,8,  William,  Prince,  2,  21, 

Washington,    General,    59,  60,        87,  102.  Williams,  104. 

62,  67,  68,  73,  89,  90.  Wendell,  O.,  62.  Wolfe,  General,  10. 

Watts,  Rev.  Dr.,  98.  Whitefield,  Rev.  Geo.,  2,  10,  15, 

Webster,  Daniel,  34.  35.  Young,  J.,  no. 


INDEX  TO  GENEALOGY  AND  PAGES  WITH    ROMAN    NUMERALS. 


Adams,  President  John,  vii,  viii, 
ix,  X,  xi,  XV, 
Samuel,  vii, 
Ames,  Fisher,  xiv, 
Ashburner,  Annie,  xxix. 
Samuel,  xxix. 

Bangs,  Alice,  xxx. 

Edward,  xxx. 
Binney,  Amos,  xxiv. 

Harriet  R.,  xxiv. 
Lucy,  xxiv. 
Briggs,  L.  Vernon,  v. 
Bruce,  Edward,  xxxvi, 
Eliza,  xxxvi. 
Emma,  xxxvi. 
George,  xxxvi. 
George  W.,  xxxvi. 
Hannah  L.,  xxxvi. 
Com'dore  Henry,  xxxvi. 
James,  xxxvi. 
James  S.,  xxxvi. 
Jane,  xxxvi. 
Jane  S.,  xxxvi. 
Phineas,  xxxvi. 
Sarah,  xxxvi. 
William  S.,  xxxvi. 
Buck,  Amelia  D.,  xxxiv,  xxxv. 
Rev.  Edward  H.,  xxxiv. 
Elizabeth  C,  xxxiv. 
Bugbee,  Alice  C,  xxxiv. 

Frederick  W,,  xxxiv. 
George  E.,  xxxiv, 
George  L.,  xxxiv. 
Helen  C,  xxxiv. 


Burgoyne,  General,  xi,    xii,  xiii, 
xix. 

Charlemagne,  xv. 

Cooper,  Alice  G.,  xxxiii,  xxxv. 

Anna  P.,  xxxiii. 

Arthur  S.,  xxxii, 

Caroline  P.,  xxxii.' 

Caroline  S.,  xxxii,  xxxiv. 

Charles  W.,  xxxii,  xxxiii, 
xxxiv. 

Eliza  D.,  xxxii. 

Elizabeth      D.,      xxxii, 
xxxiv, 

Elizabeth  P.,  xxxiii. 

Elizabeth      S.,      xxxiii, 
xxxv. 

Emma  E.,  xxxii,  xxxiii. 

Emma  P.,  xxxii. 

Harriet  C,  xxxii,  xxxiv, 

Harriet  S.,  xxxiii. 

Helen  M.,  xxxii,  xxxiv. 

James  I.,  xxxiii. 

James  S.,  xxxii. 
Jennie  M.,  xxxiii. 

John,  xxxi,  xxxii. 

John  T.,  xxxii. 

Katharine  W.,  xxxi, 

Mary,  xxxii,  xxxiv, 

Mary  [.,  xxxiii. 

Mary  S.,  xxxii,  xxxiii, 

Ruth,  xxxiii. 

Samuel,  xxxii. 

Sarah  D.,  xxxiii, 

Thomas  S.,  xxxii. 


Cooper,  William,  xxxi,  xxxii. 

William  S.,  xxxii,  xxxiii. 
Converse,  Emma  L.,  xxviii, 
Emma  T.,  xxviii. 
Frederick  S.,  xxviii. 
Gushing,  Elizabeth  C,  xxxiv. 
Luther  S.,  xxxiv. 

Dalton,  Eliza  B.,  xxxii. 
Darling,  Sarah  J.,  x>L\iii. 
Dickinson,  Emily  P.,  xxxvii. 

Fenno,  Euphemia,  xxv. 

Upton,  xxv. 
Ferguson,  Charles  V.,  xxxi, 
Eleanor  M,,  xxxi, 
Emma  G.,  xxxi. 
Rev.  Henry,  xxxi. 
Henry  G.,  xxxi. 
Samuel,  xxxi. 
Foster,  Fanny  H.,  xxv. 

James,  xxv. 
Foucade,  Lydia  V.,  de,  xxiv. 
Fowler,  Edward,  xxa. 
Dorothea,  xxa. 

Gage,  General,  iii,  x,  xi. 

Galloway,  Lord,  xv, 

Gardiner,  Alfred,  xxx. 
Alice,  xxxi, 
Alice  B.,  xxx, 
Ann  H.,  xxix. 
Anna  L.,  xxxi. 
Annie  E.  H.,  xxviii. 
Anne  H.,  xxviii.,  xxix 


Gardiner,  Delia  T.,  xxviii. 

Eleanor,  xxviii. 

Eleanor  H.,  xxviii. 

Emma  J.,  xxviii.,  xxix., 
XXX.,  xxxi. 

Emma  T.,  xxviii. 

Frances  V.,  xxxi. 

Francis  R.,  xxix. 

Frederic,  xxviii. 

Frederic,    Rev.,    xxx., 
xxxi. 

Frederic  M.,  xxxi. 

Hays,  xxi. 

Henrietta,  xxviii.,  xxx. 

John  H.,  xxix. 

John  T.,  xxix. 

John  W.  T.,  xxviii. 

Lucy  v.,  xxviii. 

Robert  H.,  v.,   xxviii., 
XXX.,  xxxi. 

Sallie  M.,  xxxi. 

Sarah  J.,  xxviii. 

Silvester,  xxxi. 

William  H.,  xxxi. 

William  T.,  xxx.,  xxxi. 
Gardner,  Frederick  J.,  xxxiv. 

Harriet  C,  xxxiv. 
Gardner,  Maria  L.,  xxxiv. 
Mary  C.,  xxxiv. 
Garland,  James  A.,  xxvii, 

Mary  T.,  xxvii. 

Tudor,  xxvii. 
George  HI.,  i. 

IV.,  XV. 
Girdler,  Abigail  I.,  xxxiii. 
Capt.  John,  xxxiii. 
Greene,  Gardiner,  xvi. 

Hart,  Edith  E.  A.,  xxvii. 

Eleonora  E.  T.,  xxvii. 
Ernest  P.  T.,  xxvii. 
Frederick  L.,  xxvii. 


Hart,  Mary  E,  E.  T.,  xxvii. 
William  O.  T.,  xxvii. 

Hays,  Annie  E.,  xxviii. 
Hassold,  Hamlett,  xxa. 
Margaret,  xxa. 
Henley,  Colonel,  xii,  xiii. 
Hooper,  Harriet,xxiii. 
House,  Walter,  xxa. 
Howard,  Cora,  xxix. 

Benjamin  C,  xxix. 
Howe,  Julia  Ward,  xxx. 
Laura  E.,  xxx. 
Samuel  S.,  xxx. 
General,  xix. 
Hubbard,  Mary,  xxvi. 
Hutchinson,  xxvii,  Barnard,  xxvi. 
Euphemia  K.,  xxvi. 
Alcander,  xxvi. 

Ingersoll,  Abigail,  xxxiii. 
Mary,  xxiii. 

Jarvis,  Delia,  xi,  xiii,  xxii. 
Johnson,  Amelia  B.,  xxxvi. 
Barbara,  xxxvi. 
Lyman,  xxxvi. 
Johnston,  Euphemia,  xxv. 
Jones,  Delia  G.,  xxviii. 
George,  xxviii 
Sarah  F.,  xxviii. 
Josephine,  Empress  of  France, 


Kelly,  Edward  B.,  xxxv. 
Frank  E.,  xxxv. 
Harriet  C,  xxxv. 
King,  Rufus,  xv. 
Kleczkowski,  Eleonora  D.  J.  A., 
xxvi. 
Euphemia,  A.  A. 
M.,  xxvi. 


Kleczkowski,  Euphemia  T.,  xxvi. 
Frederic  T.  A.  P. 

H.,  xxvi. 
Joseph,   Count 

xxvi. 
Julia  Sobeieska, 

xxvi. 
Michael   A.   C. 

Count  xxvi. 
Yvonne,  J.  M.  I. 

v.,  xxvi. 
Knox,  General,  xix. 

Langdon,  John,  v. 
Lincoln,  Elizabeth  O.,  xxiv. 

James  O.,  xxiv. 
Lockwood,  Susan  E.,  xxxv. 

Justice   Samuel    D., 
xxxv. 
Lloyd,  Edward,  xxa. 
Lovell,  John,  vii. 
Lovett,  Hannah,  xxxvi. 
Lucena,  Mary  D.,  xxiv. 

McCrea,  xiii. 

McDermott,  Alfred,  xxxvii. 

Sophia  P.,  xxxvii. 
McKee,  Anna,  xxxv. 
Maldonado,  Antonia,  xxiv. 
Marston,  xxxvi. 
Mason,  Jonathan,  xvi. 
Merrick,  SalHe,  xxxi. 

William  H.,  xxxi. 
Minot,   Judge  George    R.,  xiv., 

xviii. 
Monroe,  President  James,  xv. 
Mouat,  EHzabeth,  v. 

Capt.  George,  v. 

Napoleon  I.,  xiv,  xvi. 
Newman,  Caroline  C,  xxxiv. 
Emma  E.-,  xxxiv. 


Newman,  Rev.  William  J.,  xxxiv. 

Oliver,  vii. 
O'Shea,  Kate,  xxxvii. 
Otis,  Harrison  Gray,  xvi. 
James,  v.,  vii. 

Paget,  Claude,  xxxvii. 

Theodosia  P.,  xxxvii. 
Parker,  Chief-Justice  Isaac,  xiv. 
Parnell,  Annie  M.,  xxxvii. 

Charles  Stewart,  xxxvii. 

Delia  S.,  xxxvii. 

Emily,  xxxvii. 

Fanny,  xxxvii. 

Hayes,  xxxvii. 

Henry  T.,  xxxvii. 

John  H.,  xxxvii. 

Kate  O'S.,  xxxvii. 

Sophia,  xxxvii. 

Theodosia,  xxxvii. 
Parsons,  Theophilus,  vii. 
Porter,  Anna  L.,  xxxv. 

Anna  McK.,  xxxv. 

Caroline  E.,  xxxiv. 

Charles  W.,  xxxiv.,  xxxv. 

Elizabeth      S.,      xxxiii., 
xxxv. 

Emma  C,  xxxiii. 

Emma  J.,  xxxiv. 

Harriet  E.,  xxxv. 

John    C,    xxxiii,    xxxiv, 
xxxv. 

Mary  K.,  xxxv. 

Rufus  K.,  xxxiii. 

Susan  L.,  xxxv. 

Quincy,  Josiah,  xiv. 

Richards,  Alice  M.,  xxx. 
Amy,  xxx. 
Anne  H.,  xxix. 


Richards,  Annie  A.,  xxix. 

Cora  H.,  xxix. 

Dorothy,  xxx. 

Ellen  S.,  xxix. 

Francis,  xxix. 

Francis  A.,  xxix. 

Francis  G.,  xxix. 

George  H.,  xxi,  xxix. 

Henry,  xxix,  xxx. 

Henry  H.,  xxx. 

John,  xxx. 

John  T.,  xxix. 

Laura  E.,  xxx. 

Madeleine,  xxx. 

Maud,  xxx. 

Robert  H.,  xxix. 

Rosalind,  xxx. 

Ruth,  xxx. 

Sarah,  xxix. 
Rogers,  Emma  S.,  xxiv. 
William  B.,  xxiv. 
Mrs.,  xxi. 
Ryan,  Eliza  B.,  xxxvi. 

Savage,  Antonia  M.,  xxiv. 
Arthur,  xxiii.,  xxiv. 
Deborah,  xxiii. 
Elizabeth  O.,  xxiv. 
Elizabeth,     xxiii,     xxxi, 
xxxii,     xxxiii,      xxxiv, 
xxxv,  xxxvi. 
Elizabeth  T.,  xxiii. 
Emma,  xxiv. 
Emma  B.,  xxiv. 
Habijah,  xxiii. 
Harriet,  xxiv. 
Harriet  H.,  xxiii. 

Lieut.-Col.  James,  xxiv. 

James  O.,  xxiv. 

James,  xxiii,  xxiv. 

Jane,  xxiii,  xxxvi. 

John,  xxiii. 


Savage,  Josephine,  xxiv. 
Lucy,  xxiv. 
Lydia  de  F.,  xxiv. 
Mary   E.,    xxiii,    xxxii, 

xxxiii. 
Mary  I.,  xxiii. 
Mary  L.,  xxiv. 
Mary  M.,  xxiv. 
Nicholas,  xxiv. 
Thomas,  xxiii,  xxiv. 
Thomas  E.,  xxiv. 
Thomas  F.,  xxiv. 
William,  xxiii,  xxxiii. 
Skipwith,  Helen,  xxvii. 
Simes,  Joseph,  xxv. 
Louisa,  xxv. 
Sobieski,  John,  King  of  Poland, 
xxvi, 

Julie,  xxvi. 
Stanly,  Mary  T.,  xxii. 
Thomas,  xxii. 
Stanton,  Alice  C,  xxxv. 

Elizabeth  C,  xxxv. 
John  G.,  xxxv. 
Stewart,    Commodore    Charles, 
xxxvii. 
Charles  T.,  xxxvii. 
Delia  T.,  xxxvii. 
Sullivan,  Henrietta  G.,  xxviii. 
Richard,  xxi,  xxviii. 
Swallow,  Ellen  H.,  xxix. 

Tadore,  John,  xx,  xxa. 
Thompson,  James,  xxii,  xxiii. 

John  T.,  xxiii. 

Henry,  xxiii. 

Mary  T.,  xxii. 

William,  xxiii. 
Thomson,  Deha  P.,  xxxvii. 

James,  xxxvii. 
Tuckerman,  Alice  C,  xxxv. 

Frederick,  xxi,  xxxv. 


Tuckerman,  Frederika,  xxxv. 
Margaret,  xxxv. 
Tuder,  John,  xxa. 

Juan,  xxa. 

Ralph,  xxa. 
Tudor,  Delia,  xxii,  xxxvii. 

DeHa  Aimee,  xxvi. 

Delia  J.,  xxii,  xxv,  xxvii. 

Dorothea,  xxa. 

Eleonora  E.,  xxv,  xxvii. 

Elizabeth,  v.,  xxii,  xxiii, 
xxvi. 

Emma,  xxv. 

Emma  C,  xxv,  xxviii. 

Emma  J.,  xxii,  xxviii. 

Euphemia,  xxv,  xxvi. 

Euphemia  F.,  xxv. 

Fanny  F.,  xxv. 

Fanny,  xxv. 

Frederic,  v,  xvii,  xxi, 
xxii,  xxv,  xxvi,  xxvii, 
xxviii. 

Henry,  xxv. 

Henry  Dubois,  xxvi. 

Henry  J.,  xxii,  xxv. 

James,  xxii. 


Tudor,  Jane  V ,  xxii. 

Deacon  John,  i,  iv,  v,  vii, 
x,  xiv,  XX,  xxa,  xxi, 
xxii,  xxiii,  xxiv,  xxv, 
xxvi,  xxvii,  xxviii,  xxix, 
xxx,  xxxi,  xxxii,  xxxiii, 
xxxiv,  xxxv,  xxxvi, 
xxxvii. 

John,  xxa,  xxii. 

John  H.,  xxii. 

Louisa  S.,  xxv. 

Margaret,  xxa. 

Mary,  xxa,  xxii,  xxvi. 

Mary  L.,  xxv,  xxvii. 

Matthew,  xxa. 

Roger,  XX,  xxa. 

Rosamond,  xxv. 

Thomas,  v.,  xx,  xxa. 

Col.  (Judge)  William,  v, 
vii,  viii,  ix,  xi,  xiv,  xv, 
xvi,  xvii,  xviii,  xix,  xxi, 
xxii,  xxv,  xxvi,  xxvii, 
xxviii,  xxix,  xxx,  xxxi. 

Virginia,  xxv. 

William,  v,  vi,  xx,  xxa, 
xxi,  xxii,  xxv,  xxvi. 


Varney,  Jane,  xxii. 
Vaughan,  Caroline,  xxx. 

William,  xxx. 
Voorhees  Philip,  xxxvi. 

Admiral     Thilip     K. 
xxxvi. 

Sarah  B.,  xxxvi, 

Ward,  Julia,  xxx. 

Washington,    Gen.    George,    xi, 

xiv,  XV,  xviii. 
Wendell,  Katharine,  xxxi. 
West,  Annie  E.  N.,  xxviii. 
Whitwell,  Elizabeth,  xxvi. 
Mary  IL,  xxvi. 
William  S.,  xxvi. 
Wilmer,  Delia  T.,  xxvii. 

Ephemia  F.,  xxvii. 

Helen  S.,  xxvii. 

Bishop  Joseph,  xxvii. 

Joseph  P.  B.,  xxvii. 

Skipwith,  xxvii. 

Delia  T.,  xxvii. 
W^oodward,  Joseph,  xvi. 


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